搜索
Module6AnimalsinDangerSectionⅣGrammar&Writing复习定语从句第一板块单元语法1．(教材P52)OnafreezingcolddayinJanuary1994,JiesangSuonandajiefoundwhathewaslookingfor—agroupofpoachers__________werekillingtheendangeredTibetanantelope.2．(教材P52)Inthebattle__________followedJiesangwasshotandkilled.3．(教材P52)Itissoft,lightandwarm—theidealcoatforananimal__________hastosurviveathighaltitudes.whowhichwhich4．(教材P53)Oftenworkingatnight，thepoachersshootwholeherdsofantelopesatatime，leavingonlythebabies，__________woolisnotworthsomuch.5．(教材P53)TheanimalsareskinnedonthespotandthewooltakentoIndia,__________itismadeintotheshawls.6．(教材P53)Inthe1990stheChinesegovernmentbegantotakeanactivepartinprotectingtheantelopesintheHohXilNatureReserve—thehugenationalparkontheQinghaiTibetanPlateau,__________isthemainhabitatoftheantelopes.whosewherewhich8．(教材P53)Thesmallgroupofofficials__________workinthereservearehelpedbyvolunteers__________comefromalloverthecountry,and__________arereadyforthedifficultconditionsoflifeat5,000metres.9．(教材P53)Meanwhile,inthosecountries__________theshawlsaresold,policearegettingtoughwiththedealers.whowhowhowhere定语从句以从句形式在句中作定语，修饰名词、代词、句子中的部分或全部。被修饰的部分称为先行词。定语从句通常在先行词之后，由关系代词/副词引导，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。考点一关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词在从句中的作用who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语关系代词as人或物主语、宾语、表语先行词是all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing等不定代词时先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,all等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只用that的情况先行词既有人又有物时引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词that和which的用法区别只用which的情况关系代词指物，且前有介词时as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see,know,expect,say,mention,report等关系代词as和which的区别which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系◆(2017·北京卷)Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。◆(2017·天津卷)Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.我的大儿子的工作需要他奔波于世界各地，他现在在纽约。◆(2018·北京卷)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,whichhelpsthemkeepfit.她和她的家人骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。◆(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)“Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover,”astheoldsayinggoes.正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。[温馨提示](1)whom，which，that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that；(2)as用在限制性定语从句中时，先行词必须有such，so，as或thesame等修饰，且as在从句中作宾语时不能省略。◆Suchpeopleashavemadeacontributiontotheworldshouldberespected.那些对世界做出贡献的人应受到尊重。◆Inthelastexam,hemadethesamemistakeasyoumade.在上次考试中，他犯了一个与你相同的错误。考点二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词先行词在从句中的作用when时间名词时间状语where地点名词或抽象名词(situation,point,activity,case,stage等)地点状语whythereason原因状语◆(2016·天津卷)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。◆(福建卷)Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。◆Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？[温馨提示](1)当先行词为时间名词、地点名词或reason时，若先行词在从句中作状语，则分别用when,where或why；若先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时，则用that或which。(2)当先行词是way时，若way在从句中作状语时，则从句用inwhich或that引导，引导词也可省略。若way在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用which或that引导该从句。若way在定语从句中作宾语，which/that也可省略。考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1.“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。◆(安徽卷)Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。◆(全国大纲卷)September30isthedaybywhichyoumustpayyourbill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。2.“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示整体与部分的关系。◆(2016·浙江卷)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。◆(2016·江苏卷)Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewelleducated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。◆(重庆卷)Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfofwhichwerepublishedinthe1990s.他写过很多儿童书籍，将近一半都是在20世纪90年代出版的。[温馨提示]“the＋名词＋ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whom＋the＋名词”引导定语从句时，可换成“whose＋名词”。◆(江苏卷)Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsofwhich(＝whosewalls)arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。考点四限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词的关系密切(删除后影响整个句子意义的表达)和先行词关系不密切(起补充说明的作用，删掉后不影响整个句子意思的表达)不用逗号隔开一般用逗号隔开可用that、which引导不可以用that引导，只能用which只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分既可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰主句或主句的一部分◆Heisthemanwhocametoseeyouyesterday.他是昨天来看你的那个人。◆Thesportsmeetingwasputoff，whichastonishedus.运动会推迟了，这让我们很吃惊。[温馨提示](1)as引导的定语从句与it作形式主语的主语从句和what引导的主语从句的区别。试比较：◆Asisknowntoeverybody,themoonmovesaroundtheearth.◆Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.◆Whatisknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.众所周知，月球绕地球旋转。(2)非限制定语从句与并列句的区别。试比较：◆Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.◆Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothofthemaredoctors.这位老人有两个儿子，两个儿子都是医生。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018·天津卷)Kate,__________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.2．(2016·四川卷)“Iprefertoworkinblackandwhite,__________allowsmetoshowdifferentspecificworldsmoreclearly.”3．(江苏卷)Thenumberofsmokers，__________isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.whosewhichas4．(陕西卷)Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime__________heshouldbeabletobeindependent.5．(天津卷)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere__________hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.6．(浙江卷)Thechildren,allof__________had