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Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaSectionⅢIntegratingSkills&CulturalCorner练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]TheIndustrialRevolutionInEurope,inthesecondhalfoftheeighteenthcentury,therewasanimportantchange①insociety.Thischangewascalledthe“IndustrialRevolution”．Untilthen②Europehadbeenafarmingsociety.WiththeIndustrialRevolution,factoriesappeared③andmass④production⑤becamepossibleforthefirsttime⑥.Thefactorieswerebuiltintownsandasaresult⑦，thepopulationoftownsandcitiesgreatlyincreased.Thesechangesbecamepossiblebecauseof⑧inventions⑨suchasthesteamengine.Thiswasinventedin1769byJamesWattandwasthemain⑩energysourceduringtheIndustrialRevolution.Atfirst⑪thesteamenginewasusedin⑫mines,butitwassoonusedinfactoriesandontherailways.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution，factoryowners⑬becamemorepowerfulthanlandowners.Thousandsof⑭peopleleftthecountrysidetoworkinthecity.Often,factoryworkerslivedinpoorandcrowded⑮conditions⑯.From1830totheearly20thcentury,theIndustrialRevolutionspreadthroughEuropeandtheUSandthentoothercountriessuchasJapan.[再记住]①changen．“变化”，也可作动词使用。②untilthen直到那时③appearvi.出现；露面④massn．大量amassof/massesof很多；许多⑤productionn．生产；产量⑥forthefirsttime为介词短语，意为“第一次”。thefirsttime是名词词组，可作连词用，引导时间状语从句。⑦asaresult结果asaresultof“由于”，后接宾语。⑧becauseof“由于”，其后接名词、代词、动名词等。becauseconj.“因为”，其后接从句。⑨inventionn．发明；创造invent[In'vent]vt.发明inventor[In'ventə]n.发明家⑩mainadj.主要的mainlyadv.主要地⑪atfirst起初firstofall首先；第一⑫beusedin被用于⑬ownern．拥有者；所有者factoryowner工厂主landowner农场主⑭thousandsof成千上万的⑮crowdedadj.拥挤的thecrowd人群⑯condition[kən'dIʃn]n.状况；条件；环境onconditionthat只要；在……的前提下[再翻译]工业革命在欧洲，18世纪后半期社会出现了重大的变革。这次变革叫做“工业革命”。在此之前欧洲还一直是一个农业社会。随着工业革命的到来，工厂出现了，大规模的生产第一次成为可能。工厂被建在城镇里，结果城镇的人口大大增长了。蒸汽机等的发明使这些变革成为可能。蒸汽机是在1769年由詹姆斯·瓦特发明的，是工业革命时期主要的动力来源。起初蒸汽机被用于矿井，但它很快就被用在工厂和铁路上了。在工业革命期间，工厂主变得比农场主更强大。成千上万的人离开农村到城市就业。通常，工厂工人们生活在恶劣而又拥挤的环境里。从1830年到20世纪初期，工业革命从欧洲传播到了美国，后来又传播到其他的国家，比如日本。通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．What'sthemainreasonforthechangesinthesecondhalfoftheeighteenthcentury?A．Theincreaseofpopulation.B．Alotofpeoplecametotowns.C．Theinventionssuchasthesteamengineweremade.D．Peoplelikedworkinginthetown.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Factoryworkerslivedinverypoorandcrowdedconditionsatthattime.B．Thousandsoffarmersleftthecountrysideandwereoutofwork.C．BeforetheIndustrialRevolution,factoryownersweremorepowerfulthanlandowners.D．In1830,theIndustrialRevolutionspreadthroughEuropetoothercountries.3．Thesteamenginewasfirstusedin___________.A．factoriesB．farmsC．schoolsD．mines4．___________madethepopulationoftownsandcitiesgreatlyincrease.A．TheinventionofthesteamengineB．ThatmanyfactorieswerebuiltintownsC．ThatfarmerslikedworkinginthetownD．TheIndustrialRevolutionspreadingtoothercountries答案：1～4CADB记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1.___________n．公正2.___________adj.柔软的3.___________n.状况；条件；环境justicesoftcondition记住新知识重点词汇拓展词汇4._________n．诚实→honestadj.诚实的；实在的5.__________n．贡献→contributev．贡献；捐献6.___________vt.发明→inventorn．发明家→inventionn．发明7.___________n．争论；辩论；议论→arguev．争论；议论8.___________n．自由→freeadj.自由的honestycontributioninventargumentfreedom记住新知识重点词汇阅读词汇9.barkn．___________10.leathern.___________11.monkn.___________12.categoryn.___________13.fueln.___________树皮皮革和尚范畴；种类燃料重点短语1.___________为……自豪2．___________总之3．___________第一次beproudofinconclusionforthefirsttime重点句型1.“do/does/did＋动词原形”用来强调谓语动词However,we___________(的确知道)thatin1092ADheinventedthefirstrealclock.2．no＋比较级＋than...意为“和……一样都不……/两者都不……”Carswerefirstusedattheendofthenineteenthcentury,andwere_________________________(并不比马快).doknownofasterthanahorse研词汇析句型练拓展4要点透析1．contributionn．贡献；捐款；投稿(经典例句)Hemadeaverypositivecontributiontothesuccessoftheproject.他对项目的成功贡献良多。[归纳拓展](1)makecontributions/acontributionto对……作出贡献(2)contributevi.&vt.贡献；捐献；投稿contributeto(doing)sth.有助于(做)某事；促成(做)某事contribute...to...向……捐献……；向……投稿[基础训练]——单句语法填空①Theinventionofpaperwasagreatcontribution__________humancivilization.②Tomakeourcountrystronger,everyoneshouldmakehis/her___________(contribute)．③Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡5,000___________theearthquakefund.④Iamsureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto___________(solve)theproblem.tocontributionstosolving[巧学活用]——用contribute的适当形式或短语完成小片段⑤Manypeople______________________thepoorboy,which___________hisreturningtoschool.Awriterwrotethisstoryand___________ittoamagazine.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校园。一个作家把这个故事写了下来，并给一家杂志投稿。contributedmoneytocontributedtocontributed2．beproudof为……自豪(教材P47)HeisamanofwhomChinacanbeproud.他是一个中国可以引以为豪的人。[归纳拓展](1)beproudtodo为(能)做……自豪(2)priden.骄傲；自豪takepridein为……自豪[基础训练]——单句语法填空①WhenIlookbackto2019，Iamproud___________whatwehaveachieved.②Sheisproud___________(take)partincompetitionsandtohavebrokenarecord.③Whenhegrowsup,heissosuccessfulthathetakes___________(proud)inhishardwork.oftohavetakenpride3．argumentn．争论；辩论；议论(教材P47)Thisparagraphgivestheargumentsagainstcars.这一段列举了反对使用汽车的理由。[归纳拓展](1)haveanargumentwithsb.about/oversth.就某事与某人争论(2)arguev.争论；辩论；说服；认为arguewithsb.about/oversth.就某事与某人争论[基础训练]——单句语法填空①Theywerehavingan___________(argue)aboutwhoseturnitwastodothecleaning.②I'mnotgoi