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Module3TheViolenceofNatureSectionⅢIntegratingSkills&CulturalCorner练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]EarthquakesAroundthePacificAbout400earthquakesoccurworldwide①everyday，morethan②ahundredthousandinayear.Chinaissituatedin③oneofthemostactive④earthquakeregionsintheworldandtherehavebeen⑤manyterribleearthquakes.ThemostseriousoftheseoccurredinHuaCountyinShaanxiProvincein1556.Theearthquakeaffected⑥eightprovincesinCentralChina.Itcoveredanareaof⑦800squarekilometres.Insomecommunities,60percentofthepopulation⑧werekilled.Inall⑨，830,000peoplelosttheirlives⑩.TheCaliforniaEarthquakeofthe18thofApril1906istheworst⑪earthquakethathaseverhappenedintheUnitedStates⑫.Ittookplace⑬at5：15a．m.，andlasted⑭foronlyaminute.However⑮，itcaused⑯theworstnaturaldisasterinthenation'shistory.FirescausedbytheCaliforniaEarthquake⑰didthemostdamage⑱.Thefiresburnedforthreedays，destroyingatotalof⑲25,000buildings⑳.About500peoplewerekilledinthecityofSanFranciscoand250,000weremadehomeless○21.Inthewholeof○22California，theearthquakeandfirescausedabout3,000deaths○23.The1906earthquakewascausedbyamovementontheSanAndreasFault.Onehundredyearslater，movementsontheSanAndreasFaultcontinue○24tocauseproblemsforthewholeofCalifornia.[再记住]②morethan多于③besituatedin坐落于；位于④active['æktIv]adj.积极的；活跃的其比较级、最高级是分别在其前加more，most。⑤therehavebeen为therebe结构的现在完成式。⑥affectvt.影响effectn．“影响”，注意区分词形。⑦coveranareaof覆盖面积达……⑧populationn．人口当“人口”讲作主语时，谓语动词用单数；若其前有分数或百分数修饰，谓语动词一般用复数。⑨inall总共；总计⑩loseone'slife牺牲；丧生⑪worst为bad的最高级。⑫thathaseverhappened...是that引导的定语从句，修饰earthquake。此处that不能换为which，因为先行词earthquake前有最高级修饰。⑬takeplace发生⑭lastvi.“持续(一段时间)”，此时last是不及物动词。⑮however表转折。在句子中，however一般用逗号与其他部分隔开。⑯causevt.引起；导致causesb.todosth.导致某人做某事⑰过去分词短语causedbytheCaliforniaEarthquake作定语，修饰fires，可转换成that/whichwerecausedbytheCaliforniaEarthquake。⑱damage['dæmIdʒ]n.&v．损失；损害damage为不可数名词，do/causedamageto对……造成损失。⑲atotalof总数……⑳现在分词短语destroyingatotalof25,000buildings作结果状语。○21makesb.homeless“使某人无家可归”，此处用了make的被动语态。○22inthewholeof在整个……○23deaths指“死亡人数”。○24continuetodo/doingsth.继续做某事[再翻译]环太平洋地区的地震每天世界上大约会发生400次地震，每年会发生10万多次。中国位于世界上地震活动最频繁的地区之一，并且已经发生了很多次可怕的地震。最严重的一次于1556年发生在陕西省的华县。那次地震影响了中国中部的8个省份，波及800平方千米。在一些社区里，60%的人口丧生。总共83万人丧生。1906年4月18日的加利福尼亚地震是迄今为止发生在美国的最严重的一次地震。它发生在凌晨，持续了仅一分钟。然而，它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害。加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾造成了最严重的损失。大火燃烧了3天，损坏了总共25000座建筑物。在旧金山大约有500人死亡，25万人无家可归。在整个加利福尼亚，这次地震和火灾导致大约3000人死亡。1906年的地震是由圣安德烈亚斯断层上的运动引起的。100年以后，圣安德烈亚斯断层上的运动仍然给整个加利福尼亚带来问题。通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Howmanyearthquakeshappenintheworldayear?A．Abouttwo.B．Morethan100,000.C．About400.D．Morethan12,000.2．WhatdidthemostdamageintheCaliforniaEarthquakein1906?A．Firescausedbytheearthquake.B．TheEarthquakeitself.C．3,000deathsintheearthquake.D．ThemovementontheSanAndreasFault.3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Morethanahundredearthquakesoccurworldwideinayear.B．TheearthquakehappeninginShaanxiProvincein1556caused830,000peoplekilled.C．．m..D．IntheCaliforniaEarthquakethefirescausedabout3,000deaths.答案：1～3BAB记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1.___________vt.毁坏2.___________adj.以前的3.___________n.地震4.___________adj.全世界的5.___________adj.积极的；活跃的6.___________n．&v.损失；损害ruinpreviousearthquakeworldwideactivedamage记住新知识重点词汇拓展词汇7.___________n．可能；可能性→possibleadj.可能的→likely/probable(近义词)8.___________adj.吓人的；可怕的→terrifiedadj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrifyvt.使惊恐；使受惊吓9.___________adv.幸运地；幸亏→luckn．运气；好运→luckyadj.幸运的10.___________adv.感激地；满怀感谢地→thankfuladj.感激的possibilityterrifyingluckilythankfully记住新知识重点词汇拓展词汇11.___________adv.满怀希望地；有希望地→hopevt.&n．希望→hopefuladj.满怀希望的；有希望的12.___________adv.伤心地；不幸地→sadnessn．悲伤→sadadj.悲伤的13.___________adv.幸运地；幸亏→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunen．运气14.___________n．警告→warnv．警告hopefullysadlyfortunatelywarning记住新知识重点词汇阅读词汇15.ashn．___________________16.eruptvt.___________________17.lavan.___________________18.tidaladj.___________________19.volcanon.___________________20.eruptionn.___________________灰(火山的)爆发；喷发熔岩；岩浆受潮水影响的；有涨落的火山(火山的)爆发；喷发记住新知识重点短语1．_________________放火(焚烧)……2．_________________着火3．_________________扑灭(火)4．_________________发生5．_________________从一边到另一边6．_________________占据……的面积7．_________________总共；总计8．_________________总共setfiretocatchfireputouttakeplacefromsidetosidecoveranareaofinallatotalof记住新知识重点句型1.thereis/wasthepossibilityof...“有……的可能性”Whenthelavareachedthesea,_______________________(有……的可能)ahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.2．the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that＋定语从句(从句中多用完成时)TheCaliforniaEarthquakeofthe18thofApril1906is________________________________________(发生的最严重的一次地震)intheUnitedStates.therewasthepossibilityoftheworstearthquakethathaseverhappened记住新知识重点句型3．过去分词短语作定语Fires___________________________________(加利福尼亚地震引起的)didthemostdamage.4．现在分词短语作结果状语Thefiresburnedforthreedays,_________________________________________(损害了总共25000座建筑物)．causedbytheCaliforniaEarthquakedestroyingatotalof25,000buildings记住新知识重点句型5．make＋宾语＋宾补About500peoplewerekilledinthecityofSanFranciscoand250,000____________________(无家可归)．weremadehomeless研词汇析句型练拓展4要点透析1．ruinvt.毁灭；毁坏n．毁灭；废墟(ruins)(教材P24)Shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniturehadbeenruinedbytheflood.她回到家发现所有的家具都已被洪水破坏了。[归纳拓展]i