2020春新教材高中英语 Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES Section Ⅳ D

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1SectionⅣDiscoveringUsefulStructures——动词-ing形式(2)2一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,与宾语之间是主谓关系,即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。[合作探究1]Whenwereturned,wefoundastrangerstandinginfrontofthehouse.我们回来的时候,发现一个陌生人站在房子前。Suddenlyweheardsomeoneknockinggentlyonthewindow.忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户。3[自主发现1]表示________________的动词(词组),如see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,listento,lookat,notice,observe等。[名师提醒]在see,hear,feel,watch等感官动词后,既可用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,也可用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。用动词-ing形式时,表示动作正在进行;用省略to的不定式时,表示动作经过从开始到结束的全过程。Isawaboygettingonthebus.(表示动作正在进行)我看见一个男孩在上公共汽车。Isawaboygetonthebus.(表示动作完成了)我看见一个男孩上了公共汽车。感觉和心理状态4[合作探究2]Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我们让火整夜燃烧着。Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。[自主发现2]表示____________的使役动词,常见的有:have,let,keep,get,leave等。指使意义5[合作探究3]Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.由于噪音不断,我没法做家庭作业。Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.这么多人看着她,她感到很紧张。[自主发现3]用于____________复合结构中。with6二、动词-ing形式作状语[合作探究]①Hearingthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.=Whenheheardthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.一听到那个消息,他禁不住大笑起来。②Notknowingheraddress,Ihadbettertelephonehertocomeover.=AsIdon’tknowheraddress,Ihadbettertelephonehertocomeover.由于不知道她的地址,我还是打电话让她过来为好。7③Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,you’llsurelysucceed.如果努力工作,你就一定会成功。④Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.=Thechildslippedandfell,andhithisheadagainstthedoor.那个男孩滑了一跤,摔倒了,头撞到了门上。⑤Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.=Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.尽管被告知了很多次,他还是没把这些规定记住。8⑥Morrislayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.=Morrislayonthegrassandstaredattheskyforalongtime.莫里斯躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空。⑦Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.他跑回来告诉我这个消息。9[自主发现]①作____________状语;②作____________状语;③作____________状语;④作____________状语;⑤作____________状语;⑥作____________状语;⑦作____________状语。时间原因条件结果让步伴随方式10[名师提醒](1)动词-ing形式作结果状语,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,有时前面可以加only。Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofinditwasSunday.我匆忙赶到学校,结果发现是星期天。(2)动词-ing形式作状语时,相当于与之对应的状语从句,但是当作伴随状语及结果状语时,可转化为并列谓语。11三、动词-ing形式作状语注意事项1.动词-ing形式的时态动词-ing形式作状语时,要注意其时间性,是用一般式(doing),还是用完成式(havingdone)。12[合作探究1]Walkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.我正在大街上行走时,遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(havingfinished是先发生的,went是后发生的)[自主发现1](1)当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,用____________式。(2)当动词-ing形式的动作先发生,而谓语动词的动作后发生时,用____________式。一般完成132.动词-ing形式的语态[合作探究2]Havingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.(现在分词的被动式)被领着参观了工厂后,他们很高兴。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.(现在分词的主动式)完成了作业后,他上床睡觉。[自主发现2]使用动词-ing形式的主动式还是被动式,这主要取决于动词-ing形式和句子____________之间的关系。句子的主语就是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。主语143.动词-ing形式的否定式[合作探究3]Notknowingthis,hedidn’tcome.他不知道这件事,所以没来。Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.因为没有做好充分的准备,我们把运动会延期了。[自主发现3]动词-ing形式的否定式为____________+v.-ing;____________+havingv.-ednotnot154.动词-ing形式作评注性状语[合作探究4]Judgingfromhisbehaviour,hemustbemad.从他的行为来判断,他一定是疯了。[自主发现4]有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语,它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子,表明说话者的____________等。例如:generallyspeaking“一般来说”,judgingby/from...“从……判断”,takingeverythingintoconsideration“从全盘考虑”。态度、观点165.独立主格[合作探究5]Therainhavingstopped,wewentonmarching.雨过之后,我们继续前进。[自主发现5]动词-ing形式作状语,有时它也可以有自己独立的____________,这种结构称为独立主格结构,通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况,也可以表示时间、原因或条件。主语17[巩固内化1]同义句转换①Astimepassesby,wewillhaveabetterandbetterlife.→With________________,wewillhaveabetterandbetterlife.②Isawthattheywerecomingacrossthestreet.→Isaw_______________________thestreet.timepassingbythemcomingacross18③Istoodonthebridgeandwatchedboatswerepassingby.→Istoodonthebridgeandwatched____________________.④Ifeltthatsomeonewaspattingmeontheshoulder.→Ifelt_______________________meontheshoulder.⑤IheardthatMarysangasonginthenextroomlastnight.→Iheard________________________inthenextroomlastnight.boatspassingbysomeonepattingMarysingasong19[巩固内化2]同义句转换①Itrainedheavilyanditcausedgreatdamage.→Itrainedheavily,________________________.②Afterhehadeatenhisdinner,theboyrushedout.→_______________________,theboyrushedout.③Theboysatinfrontofthefarmhouse,andcutthebranches.→Theboysatinfrontofthefarmhouse,___________________________.④AsIdidnotknowhowtogetthere,Ihadtoasktheway.→__________________________________,Ihadtoasktheway.causinggreatdamageHavingeatenhisdinnercuttingthebranchesNotknowinghowtogetthere20[巩固内化3]单句语法填空①________________(work)forthreehours,hetookarest.②Tomcame____________(dash)intotheroomwithsomefilmticketsinhishand.③____________(spend)allhismoney,theboyhadtogivehismotheracall.④____________(see)nobodyathome,hedecidedtoleavethemanote.HavingworkeddashingHavingspentSeeing21[巩固内化4]单句语法填空①____________(judge)fromhisaccent,hemustbefromthesouth.②_________________(tell)manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.③Thelecture___________________(give),alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.④____________(take)everythingintoconsideration,theresultisbetterthanexpected.⑤Theweather____________(be)hot,wehadtostayathome.JudgingHavingbeentoldhavingbeengivenTakingbeing22本节内容结束

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