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Unit4AmazingartSmileMystery“MonaLisa”isarenownedportraitmasterpiece.ItrepresentsthehighestachievementsofLeonardodaVinci,succeededinshapingacityimageofwomanduringtheriseofcapitalismpropertiedclasses.Thefigureinthepaintingsitsgracefully,smilesdelicately,andthebackgroundsceneryisdeepandvast.Itvividlydisplaysthepainter’speculiarsmoky“infinitegradientcoloring”style.Thepaintertriestocombinetherichinnerfeelingsandbeautifulshapesofthecharactersskillfully.Forthekeypartsoftheportrait’sface,suchasthecornersoftheeyesandlips,whichexpressfeelings,healsopaysspecialattentiontograspingthepreciseandimplicitdialecticalrelationship,soastoreachthestateofcharm,sothattheMonaLisa’ssmilehasamysteriousandunpredictableeternalcharm.Thatcharmingdreamsmileiscalled“mysterioussmile”bymanyarthistorians.For500years,peoplehavebeenconfusedaboutthemysterioussmileofMonaLisa.Differentviewers,oratdifferenttimes,seemtofeeldifferent.Sometimesshefeltcomfortableandgentle,sometimesserious,sometimesslightlysad,sometimesevenridiculousandteasing.Inapainting,thechangeoflightcannotbeasdifferentasinasculpture.ButonMonaLisa’sface,theshadowsfadedfromtimetotime,coveringhereyesandlipswithaveil.Butpeople’ssmilesaremainlyreflectedinthecornersofeyesandmouth.LeonardoDaVincipaintedthesepartsindistinctly,withoutclearboundaries,sotherewillbethiselusive“mysterioussmile”.Recently,somescholarshavepointedoutthatthereasonwhyMonaLisalookslikealaughisthatLeonardoDaVinciusedtheillusionofeyes.Thecentralpartoftheeyeisgenerallysensitivetothebrighterareas,whiletheedgeissensitivetothedarkerareas.Whenpeopleconfirmasmile,theymainlyrelyonthemorphologicalcharacteristicsoflipsandeyes.LeonardoDaVinciusedtheshadowofMonaLisa’slips.Andwhenyoulookintohereyes,youdon’tignorehermouthandeyes,youwillfeelthatsheissmiling.ThemysteriousMonaLisaisfamousnotonlyforhersmile,butalsoforheruniqueeyes.Nomatterwhichangleyoulookatthepaintingfromthefront,youwillfindthattheMonaLisa’seyesarelookingdirectlyatyou,whichmakespeoplefeelthattheMonaLisa’seyesarealive,willfollowtheviewer’sperspective,andholdaneternalsmiletoalltheviewers.微笑之谜《蒙娜丽莎》是一幅享有盛誉的肖像画作。它代表达·芬奇的最高艺术成就,成功地塑造了资本主义上升时期一位城市有产阶级的妇女形象。画中人物坐姿优雅,笑容微妙,背景山水幽深茫茫,淋漓尽致地发挥了画家奇特的烟雾状“无界渐变着色法”般的笔法。画家力图使人物的丰富内心感情和美丽的外形达到巧妙。的结合,对于人像面容中眼角唇边等表露感情的关键部位,也特别着重掌握精确与含蓄的辩证关系,达到神韵之境,从而使蒙娜丽莎的微笑具有一种神秘莫测的千古奇韵,那如梦的妩媚微笑,被不少美术史家称为“神秘的微笑”500年来,人们一直对蒙娜丽莎神秘的微笑莫衷一是。不同的观者或在不同的时间去看,感受似乎都不同。有时觉得她笑得舒畅温柔,有时又显得严肃,有时像是略含哀伤,有时甚至显出讥嘲和揶揄。在一幅画中,光线的变化不能像在雕塑中产生那样大的差别。但在蒙娜丽莎的脸上,微暗的阴影时隐时现,为她的双眼与唇部披上了一层面纱。而人的笑容主要表现在眼角和嘴角,达芬奇却偏把这些部位画的若隐若现,没有明确的界限,因此才会有这令人捉摸不定的“神秘的微笑”。最近有学者指出蒙娜丽莎之所以看起来似笑非笑,是因为达芬奇应用了眼睛的错觉。眼睛的中心部位一般对较为亮的区域敏感,而边缘则对较暗的区域敏感。人一般确认笑容时主要是靠嘴唇和眼睛的形态特征判断。而达芬奇就是利用了蒙娜丽莎嘴唇形成的阴影。而你盯着她的眼睛时你不会忽视她的嘴和眼睛,就会觉得她在微笑。神秘的蒙娜丽莎除了以其微笑著称,画中人物的眼神也相当独特。无论你从正面哪个角度赏画,都会发现蒙娜丽莎的眼睛直视着你,这使人感到蒙娜丽莎的眼睛仿佛是活的,会随着观众的视角游走,并对所有的观众抱以永恒的微笑。【导语】MonaLisa是美国音乐家NatKingCole于1949年为赞美蒙娜丽莎所发行的歌曲,对波普爵士乐产生了巨大的影响,从此一举成名并进入了著名爵士乐歌星的行列。注:听音填空MonaLisaMonaLisa,MonaLisa,menhavenamedyouYou’resoliketheladywiththemysticsmileIsitonlycauseyou’relonelytheyhaveblamedyou?ForthatMonaLisastrangenessinyoursmile?Doyousmiletotempt①______,MonaLisa?aloverOristhisyourwaytohideabrokenheart?ManydreamshavebeenbroughttoyourdoorstepTheyjustliethereandtheydiethereAreyouwarm,areyoureal,MonaLisa?Orjustacoldandlonelylovelyworkofart?MonaLisa,MonaLisa,menhavenamedyouYou’resolike②_______withthemysticsmileIsitonlycauseyou’relonelytheyhaveblamedyou?ForthatMonaLisastrangenessinyoursmile?Doyousmiletotemptalover,MonaLisa?Oristhisyourwaytohide③_____________?theladyabrokenheartManydreamshavebeenbroughttoyourdoorstepTheyjustliethereandtheydiethereAreyouwarm,areyoureal,MonaLisa?Orjustacoldandlonelylovelyworkofart?【词海拾贝】【听力微语系列】捕捉数字许多听力材料中涉及数字,例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等,并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现,这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字,还要熟悉数字之间的关系。例如:减价:20%off,specialoffer,specialprice,25%discount...原价:regularprice,normalprice...增长:30%increasein...下降:20%fallin...【即时训练】听音频回答问题并注意对话中的数字。1.Whenwillthetrainleave?A.At9:00am.B.At9:30am.C.At10:00am.2.WhenwillthemanmeetwithTanyaDolan?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.3.Howmuchshouldonepayaltogetherwhenattendingasingleclass?A.$200B.$21C.$20答案:1～3.BBB【听力原文】Text1W:It’salready9:00am.Weonlyhavehalfanhourleft.We’dbetterhurryifwewanttocatchthetrain.M:Ohdear.Ithoughtitwouldleaveat10:00am.Text2W:WhenareyougoingtoEurope,nextweek?M:Yes,IamleavingLosAngelesonMonday.ThenImeetwithTanyaDolanintheLondonofficethenextday.Text3M:Youcanpayanannualfeeof200dollars,oryoucanpay20dollarseachtimeyouattendtheclasses.Therewasaone-dollarmissionfeeinthiscase.【歌曲译文】蒙娜丽莎蒙娜丽莎人们这么叫你你真像那位有着神秘微笑的女士这就是为什么人们说你孤独吗因为你微笑里那种蒙娜丽莎式的奇特?你是不是在用微笑引诱爱人蒙娜丽莎或者这是你隐藏伤心的一种方式许多梦已经被带到了你的门前但它们只是出现了然后枯竭你是暖的吗你是真的吗蒙娜丽莎或者你只是一幅冰冷的寂寞的可爱的画蒙娜丽莎蒙娜丽莎人们这么叫你你真像那位有着神秘微笑的女士这就是为什么人们说你孤独吗因为你微笑里那种蒙娜丽莎式的奇特?你是不是在用微笑引诱爱人蒙娜丽莎或者这是你隐藏伤心的一种方式许多梦已经被带到了你的门前但它们只是出现了然后枯竭你是暖的吗你是真的吗蒙娜丽莎或者你只是一幅冰冷的寂寞的可爱的画