专题九专题九表解语法五年真题定语从句专题九表解语法专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定who人主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略)Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定whom人宾语(限制性定语从句可省略)Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMrSmith.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定whose(=ofwhom=ofwhich)人或物定语①Doyouknowtheboywhosefather(thefatherofwhom)isanengineer?②Helivesinahousewhosewindows(thewindowsofwhich)facesouth.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定which物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略)①Childrenliketoreadbookswhichhavewonderfulpictures.②Thepen(which)myunclegavemeismissing.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定that人或物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略,不引导非限制性定语从句)①Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.②Idon'tknowtheman(that)youmentioned.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分关系代词与关系副词的判定as人或物(在非限制性定语从句中也可指代整个句子)主语、宾语、表语专题九考点理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定when(=适当介词+which)时间时间状语I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.where(=适当介词+which)地点地点状语Thefactorywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定why(=forwhich)原因原因状语NoneofusknowthereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromthemeeting.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分关系代词与关系副词的判定表示时间、地点、原因的先行词作定语从句谓语动词的主语、宾语时,应用that或which,作宾语时that/which也可省略。当先行词是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage等名词,表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where专题九考点理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分关系代词与关系副词的判定当先行词way意为“方式,方法”时,引导定语从句的关系词有inwhich,that或不用任何关系词这三种形式;way不作“方式,方法”解时,其定语从句的引导词用that或which,引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。专题九考点理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特别提醒1.如何选择关系代词与关系副词方法一:用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特别提醒方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主语、宾语、状语),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。2.定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。①oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词②theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that不用which先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none时①Anythingthatcanburnisasourceofheatenergy.②Pleasegetreadyforeverything(that)weneed.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that不用which先行词被only,any,few,no,very,little等修饰时①ThisistheverybookthatI'mlookingfor.②Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that不用which先行词是形容词最高级或序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.先行词为人、物并用时Hetalkedaboutthingsandpersons(that)theyrememberedintheschool.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that不用which当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词也在从句中作表语时Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别thesame...as与thesame...thatthesame...as...表示相似的东西thesame...that...表示同一人或物①ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。②ThisisthesameknifethatIlost.这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别such/so...as与such/so...thatsuch/so...as(定语从句)像……那样such/so...that(状语从句)如此……以至于①ThisissuchaneasyquestionasIcananswer.②ThisissuchaneasyquestionthatIcananswerit.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分几组关系代词的区别as与which1.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,有时还可插入主句中。which引导的非限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后。2.2.as意为“正如……”,后面的谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report等;which意为“这一点”。专题九考点关系词理解例句几组关系代词的区别as与which①Avatarisaverysuccessfulfilm,asisknowntoall.②Asweallknow,TaiwanbelongstoChina.③Thesportsmeetingwasputoff,whichastonishedus.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词+关系代词名(代)词+介词+关系代词(一般作主语)Ipickeduptheapples,someofwhichwerebad.数词或形容词最高级+of+关系代词(一般作主语)①Hehastencousins,threeofwhomareclever.②Hehastencousins,theyoungestofwhomisclever.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词+关系代词介词+关系代词(一般作状语)ThisisthegirlfromwhomIlearnedthenews.介词短语+关系代词(一般作状语)Jackwasafamousdoctor,withthehelpofwhomtheysucceededinanoperation.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词+关系代词介词+which+名词(一般在句中作状语)Shesufferedfromillness,inwhichcaseherhusbandhadtostayhome.介词+whose+名词(一般作状语)Heisthemanfromwhosehousethepictureswerestolen.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词+关系代词fromwhere为“介词+关系副词”结构,但也可以引导定语从句。介词+关系代词中的介词可根据先行词或定语从句中的动词短语进行判断。Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor,fromwherehesawthemantakeaphotoofsomethingonthedesk.(fromwhere指frombehindthedoor)他躲在门后面,从那里他看见那个人拍摄了桌子上的什么东西。专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特殊定语从句分裂式定语从句(先行词与关系代(副)词分隔)Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvitedtotheimportantball.专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特殊定语从句插入式定语从句(关系代词与从句中插入一个句子)Hemadeanothergreatdiscovery,whichIthinkisveryimportanttoscience.省略式定语从句(介词+关系代词+不定式)IintendtomakefriendswithaFrenchmanfromwhomtoimprovemyFrench.专题九五年真题1.(2010·全国Ⅱ)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse'sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what解析:something后跟的是定语从句,而且定语从句缺少主语,先行词为不定代词,引导词应用that。答案:B专题九2.(2010·新课标全国)Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,________isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that解析:which引导非限制性定语从句。答案:A专题九3.(2010·浙江)Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those解析:whom引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词people。答案:A专题九4.(2010·湖南)I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which解析:who引导定语从句修饰先行词thestudents。答案:A专题九5.(2010·江西)Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister________shewouldstayforanhour.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what解析:考查定语从句。句中where引导限制性定语从句,在从句中作状语,修饰前面的trainingcentre,相当于inwhich。答案:A专题九6.(2010·四川)Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itoo