搜索
Unit5LookintoScienceUnitReview定语从句【新知导引·悟】从括号中选择恰当的词补全下列教材中的句子,并体会定语从句的用法。①Thebutterflies____(that/what)returntothesoutharethegreat-greatgrandchildrenofthebutterflies____(what/that)leftforthenorth.thatthat②FromyourDNA,scientistscanidentifynotonlyyou,butalsopeople____(who/which)arerelatedtoyou.③InMexico,thebutterfliesalwaysreturntothesamesmallpieceofforest,______(which/that)isonly20kilometreswide.whowhich④ButinMexico,peoplecutdownthetrees____(that/who)thebutterfliesneedtorestonbecausetheywantmorelandforfarming.⑤YourDNAhasbillionsofinstructions____(that/what)explainwhyyouarethewayyouare.thatthat【知识详解·记】1.定语从句概述(1)定义:在复合句中用来限定或修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。(2)先行词:被定语从句所限定或修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。(3)引导词:引导定语从句的关系词叫引导词。常见的引导词有:that指人或物,在句中作主语或宾语;who指人,在句中作主语;whom指人,在句中作宾语;which指物,在句中作主语或宾语;whose指所属关系,在句中作定语。(4)位置:定语从句必须放在先行词之后,作后置定语。2.定语从句的关系代词只用that的四种情况(1)当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或theonly,thesame,thelast,thevery等修饰时。例如:It’sthemostinterestingplacethatIhaveevervisited.这是我曾经去过的最有趣的地方。(2)当先行词是不定代词或先行词被all,any,much,many,every,no,few,little等修饰时。例如:Youcandoeverythingthatyouliketodo.你可以做你喜欢做的一切。(3)当先行词里同时含有人和物时。例如:ThemanandthecarthatIsawyesterdayareintheschoolyardtoday.我昨天看到的男子和车今天在校园里。(4)当先行词前有who或which等疑问代词时。例如:Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?刚才和你说话的女孩是谁?3.定语从句的主谓一致定语从句的谓语动词和定语从句的主语保持人称和数的一致,当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如:Thisisoneofthetreesthatwereplantedlastyear.这是去年种的树中的一棵。【语法强化·练】单项选择()1.(2018·辽阳中考)Thefourtools________peopleuseforChinesehandwritingarecalled“FourTreasuresofStudy”.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.whomA()2.Heistheonlystudent________isstudyingintheclassroom.A.whoBwhatC.thatDwhen()3.Icangiveyousomething________youneed.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.thatCD()4.Mygrandparentsliketoliveinahouseisnotverybigbutbrightandcomfortable.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.whoseA【理·单元话题】【记·写作佳句】【教材句】1.Whatkindsofexperimentshaveyoudoneinscienceclass?在科学课上,你做过什么实验?2.Wehavediscoveredthattheairpressurehelpsthecardboardholdthewaterinthejar.我们已经发现空气的压力有助于纸板托住广口瓶里的水。3.Becauseaboutonefifthoftheairismadeupofoxygen,thewaterrisesandfillsaboutonefifthofthejar.因为大约五分之一的空气是由氧气组成,所以水就上升到瓶子的大约五分之一处。4.Scientistsusehugetelescopeswhentheylookforplanets.科学家在寻找行星时,他们用巨型望远镜。5.Therearemanymysteriesyettobediscoveredbythoseinterestedinscience.有些奥秘需要那些对科学感兴趣的人来发现。6.SomehealthproblemscanbecausedbyproblemsinyourDNA.一些健康问题可能是由你的DNA问题引起的。7.Scienceisinteresting,anditaffectsoureverydaylives.科学是有趣的,并且它影响我们的日常生活。【拓展句】1.Wedidtheexperimentthattheteachertoldusinclass.我们做了老师在课堂上告诉我们的实验。2.Wefindscienceisveryinterestinganduseful.Weshouldlearnmoreaboutit.我们发现科学是有趣且有用的。我们应该学习更多的科学知识。3.Withthedevelopmentofscience,ourlifehasimprovedalot.随着科学的发展,我们的生活已经有了很大的提高。【鉴·典题考题】“知识改变命运,科技改变生活”,随着科学技术的发展,人们生活的各个方面都发生了很大的变化。请以Thegreatchangesinourlife为题写篇短文,内容包括:1.网络购物(淘宝,京东,天猫等),微信也可以购物2.手机也变得越来越重要了,一部手机可以搞定生活中绝大部分事情3.学生的课外学习资料也与网络连在一起了等。词数在80左右。【审题谋篇】体裁说明文时态一般现在时人称第一人称要点①开篇点题指出科学对生活的影响②具体描述生活在哪些方面发生了变化③最终表达自己的观点【遣词造句】1.开篇点题指出科学对生活的影响(1)科学______(2)影响_____(3)需要_____(4)方便的__________scienceaffectneedconvenient(5)令某人吃惊的_______________(6)做实验__________________(7)我们的生活发生了很大的变化。_______________________toone’ssurprisedosomeexperimentsOurlifehaschangedalot.2.具体描述生活在哪些方面发生了变化(1)提高________(2)变化_______(3)手机______(4)电影____(5)与……不同_______________improvechangephonefilmbedifferentfrom(6)越来越方便_______________________(7)购物___________(8)我们可以用手机做大部分事情。Wecando____________________ourphones.moreandmoreconvenientgoshoppingmostofthethingswith3.最终表达自己的观点(1)重要的_________(2)学习_____(3)相信______(4)越来越好_______________(5)自豪___________importantlearnbelievebetterandbetterbeproudof(6)我们应该合理地运用这些科技产品。Weshould___thetechnologyproducts_____________.useinagoodway【连句成篇】ThegreatchangesinourlifeWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourlifeisverydifferentfromthelifeinthepast.Ourlifeisbecomingmoreandmoreconvenient.Wecangoshoppingonlineathomewithourphone.Ifyoudon’tlikethis,youcanalsobuysomethingonWeChat.YoucanseesomevideosonWeChataboutit.Ifyoudon’twanttocook,youcanbuysomefoodbyyourmobilephone.Someonewillsendittoyouinaveryshorttime.Evensomestudentsalsoconnecttheirexercisestoit.Theteachercanknowtheresultinaminutebyit.Themobilephoneismoreandmoreimportantinourlife,buteveryonemustuseitinagoodway.【练·话题写作】大型纪录片《厉害了!我的国》AmazingChina!展现了我国近几年来各个领域的巨大变化和取得的伟大成就。请你以AmazingChina!为题,从中学生的角度介绍你身边的变化。写作要求:1.表达清楚,语法正确,上下文连贯。2.词数:80左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。3.文中不得出现真实的姓名,校名和地名。参考词汇:freebreakfast,shared-bikes(共享单车),high-speedtrain(高铁),subway(地铁),WeChatPay(微信支付),communityservice(社区服务),lifequality________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________