2020版高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero Sect

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Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero[话题导读]NelsonMandela,thefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfricawhowasasymbol(象征)ofsocialjustice(公正),passedawayonDec.5,2013.Hisdeathisagreatlosstothewholeworld,sincethismodernhero,whousedtofightfortheblackpeople,helpedtheblackpeoplegetthesamerightsaswhitepeople,andbeganaschooltohelpthosewhohadlittlelearningevenduringthetimewhenhewasputintoprison.Hewastheonewhoalwaysgavepriorityto(优先考虑)hisnation.Nelsonwasagreatman,buthewasmorethanagreatman.Hewas,is,andalwayswillbeahero.Inmyview,beingaheromeansmorethanmakinggreatachievements.Infact,heroesareextraordinary(非凡的),becausetheirheartsarefilledwithloveforpeople.Itisthislovethatmakesthemheroes,ratherthangreatmen.Sothisisthedifferencebetweengreatmenandheroes.Whatmakesaheroisnotonlyone'sachievements,butalsohisselfless(无私的)love.Withgreatachievementsandselflesslove,thepersoncanbecomeatruehero,justlikeNelsonMandela.SectionⅠWarmingUp&Pre-reading&Reading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]ELIAS'STORYMynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyer①towhomIwentforadvice②.Heofferedguidance③topoorblackpeopleontheirlegal④problems.Hewasgenerouswith⑤histime,forwhichIwasgrateful⑥.IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschool⑦atsix.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyears⑧wasthreekilometresaway.Ihadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfees⑨andthebusfare○10.Icouldnotreadorwritewell.Aftertryinghard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However,thiswasatimewhen⑪onehadgottohaveapassbook⑫toliveinJohannesburg⑬.SadlyIdidnothaveonebecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork⑭.ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.Hetoldmehowtogetthecorrectpapers⑮soIcouldstayinJohannesburg.Ibecamemorehopeful⑯aboutmyfuture.IneverforgothowkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouth⑰League⑱,IjoineditassoonasIcould⑲.Hesaid:“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseen⑳thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastage○21wherewehavealmostnorightsatall○22.”Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvote○23orchoosetheirleaders.Theycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtolive○24weredecidedbywhitepeople.Theplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolive○25werethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Noonecouldgrowfoodthere.InfactasNelsonMandelasaid○26:“...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment○27.Wechosetoattack○28thelaws.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful○29;whenthiswasnotallowed○30...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolence○31withviolence.”Asamatteroffact○32,Idonotlikeviolence...butin1963Ihelpedhimblowup○33somegovernmentbuildings.ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaughtIcouldbeputinprison○34.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieve○35ourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal○36.[再记住]①lawyer['lɔːjə]n.律师②towhom引导定语从句,修饰先行词theblacklawyer。介词to与从句中的went搭配(gotosb.foradvice去某人处寻求建议)。③guidance['ɡaΙdəns]n.指导;领导④legal['liːɡl]adj.法律的;依照法律的;合法的⑤begenerouswith/about在……方面慷慨大方⑥forwhich引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子。介词for与从句中的grateful搭配(begratefulforsth.对某事非常感激)。⑦schooln.(抽象名词)学校教育⑧whereIstudiedforonlytwoyears是where引导的定语从句,修饰theschool。⑨fee[fiː]n.费(会费、学费等);酬金⑩faren.费(车费、船费、飞机票价等)⑪Thisis/wasatimewhen...这是一个……的时期。when引导定语从句,修饰atime。⑫passbook['pɑːsˌbʊk]n.南非共和国有色人种的身份证⑬Johannesburg[dʒəʊ'hænΙsbɜːɡ]n.约翰内斯堡(南非城市)⑭outofwork失业⑮papersn.证件⑯hopeful['həʊpfl]adj.怀有希望的;有希望的become/behopefulabout对……充满希望⑰youth[juːθ]n.青年;青年时期⑱league[liːɡ]n.同盟;联盟;联合会,YouthLeague青年团⑲assoonasIcould我尽可能早地⑳see此处用了拟人化的写作手法,意为“目睹;见证”。本句运用了“see+宾语+宾补”结构。○21stage[steΙdʒ]n.舞台;阶段;时期○22wherewehave...是where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词astage。○23vote[vəʊt]vt.&vi.投票;选举n.投票;选票;表决○24inwhichtheyhadtolive是inwhich引导的定语从句,修饰thepartsoftown。○25wheretheywere...是where引导的定语从句,修饰theplacesoutsidethetowns。○26asNelsonMandelasaid是as引导的定语从句,as意为“正如”,指代下面的一段话。○27inwhichwehadeither...or...是inwhich引导的定语从句,修饰先行词aposition。position后接定语从句时,若关系词在从句中作状语则用where或inwhich。○28attack[ə'tæk]vt.进攻;攻击;抨击○29whichwaspeaceful是which引导的定语从句,修饰away。inawaywhichwaspeaceful=inapeacefulway。○30allowvt.允许allowdoingsth.允许做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事○31violence['vaΙələns]n.暴力;暴行“only+状语”位于句首时,句子用部分倒装。○32asamatteroffact事实上○33blowup使充气;爆炸○34putsb.inprison将某人关进监狱同义短语:sendsb.toprison;throwsb.intoprison。because引导原因状语从句,其中含有if引导的条件状语从句。○35achievevt.实现;达到;完成○36equal['iːkwəl]adj.相等的;平等的此处作宾补,构成“make+宾语+宾补”结构。[再翻译]伊莱亚斯的故事我叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候,是我一生中非常艰难的时期。(当时)我才12岁,那是在1952年,曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。他向那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。他十分慷慨地给予我时间,我为此非常感激。由于我所受的教育很少,所以我需要他的帮助。我6岁开始上学,我仅仅读了两年的那所学校有3千米远。我不得不辍学,因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。我既不太会读,也不怎么会写。几经周折,我才在一家金矿上找到一份工作。然而在那个时候,一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡,就必须要有身份证。糟糕的是我没有这个证件,因为我不是在那里出生的,我担心我是不是会失业。纳尔逊·曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天是我一生中最高兴的日子之一。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚,应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来更充满了希望。我永远也忘不了他是多么的善良。当他组织了非国大青年联盟时,我马上就参加了这个组织。他说:“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利,阻挡我们的进步,一直到今天,我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。”他说的是实话。当时黑人没有选举权,他们无权选择他们的领导人。他们不能做自己想要做的工作。他们所能住的城区都是由白人决定的。他们被打发去住的城外地区是南非最贫穷的地区。在那儿,没有人能够种庄稼。事实上,就像纳尔逊·曼德拉所说的:“……我们被置于这样一个境地:要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实,要么跟政府作斗争。我们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