2020版高中英语 Unit 2 English around the world Section

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Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]STANDARDENGLISHANDDIALECTSWhatisstandard①English?IsitspokeninBritain,theUS,Canada,Australia,IndiaandNewZealand?Believeitornot②,thereisnosuch③thingas④standardEnglish.ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTV⑤andtheradio⑥isstandardEnglish.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenews⑦wereexpected⑧tospeakexcellentEnglish.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak⑨.Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressions○10differentfromthe“standardlanguage”⑪,itiscalledadialect⑫.AmericanEnglishhasmanydialects,especiallythemidwestern⑬,southern⑭,AfricanAmericanandSpanishdialects.EveninsomepartsoftheUSA,twopeoplefromneighbouring⑮townsspeakalittledifferently.AmericanEnglishhassomanydialectsbecausepeoplehavecomefromallover⑯theworld.Geographyalsoplaysapartin⑰makingdialects.Somepeoplewho⑱liveinthemountainsoftheeastern⑲USAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.WhenAmericansmovedfromoneplacetoanother,theytooktheirdialectswiththem.Sopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheastern⑳USAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectas○21peopleinthenorthwestern○22USA.TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken○23.AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognize○24andunderstandeachother'sdialects.[再记住]①standardadj.标准的;普通的n.标准;规格②believeitornot信不信由你③suchadj.如此的;这样的④as像……一样⑤onTV在电视上⑥过去分词短语spokenonTVandtheradio作后置定语,修饰theEnglish。⑦who引导定语从句,修饰先行词those。⑧expectvt.盼望;预期;预料⑨peoplespeak为定语从句,修饰theway。省略了作状语的引导词that/inwhich。○10expression[Ιk'spreʃn]n.词语;表示;表达⑪形容词短语differentfromthe“standardlanguage”作后置定语,修饰其前面的wordsandexpressions。⑫dialect['daΙəlekt]n.方言⑬midwestern[mΙd'westən]adj.中西部的;有中西部特性的⑭southernadj.南方的;南部的⑮neighbouringadj.附近的;毗邻的(只作前置定语)⑯allover遍及;到处⑰playapart(in)扮演一个角色;参与⑱who引导定语从句,修饰先行词Somepeople。⑲eastern['iːstən]adj.东方的;东部的⑳southeastern['saʊθ'iːstən]adj.东南方的;来自东南的○21thesame...as...和……一样的……○22northwestern['nɔːθ'westən]adj.西北方的;来自西北的○23inwhich引导定语从句,从句修饰alargecountry。○24recognize['rekəɡnaΙz]vt.辨认出;承认;公认[再翻译]标准英语和方言什么是标准英语?是英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度和新西兰人所说的英语吗?信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为,电视上和收音机里(播音员)所说的就是标准英语。这是因为在早期的电台节目里,人们期望新闻播音员英语说得很好。然而,在电视和收音机里,你也会听出人们的说话方式是有差别的。当人们用不同于“标准语言”的单词和表达方式时,那种语言就被称为方言。美式英语有许多方言,特别是中西部和南部地区的方言,以及美国黑人和西班牙人的方言。甚至在美国的一些地区,相邻两个城镇的人所说的方言也稍有不同。美式英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为那里的人来自世界各地。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人就说着一种比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时,他们也就把他们的方言带了过去。因此,美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。美国是一个使用多种不同方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁,但是他们仍然能够辨别并且理解彼此的方言。通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1.Fromthetext,weknowthat________isstandardEnglish.A.BritishEnglishB.AmericanEnglishC.theEnglishspokeninAustraliaD.noEnglish答案:D2.PeoplethinktheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradioisstandardEnglish,because________.A.peoplebelievethosewhoreportedthenewsspeakexcellentEnglishB.theyspeakthesameEnglishC.theyspeakittoallthepeopleD.therearesomedialectsonTVandtheradio答案:A3.Howmanydialectsarementioned(提到)inthetext?A.Three.B.Two.C.Four.D.Five.答案:C4.AmericanEnglishhassomanydialectsbecause________.A.peoplehavecomefromallovertheworldB.theUSismadeupofsomanystatesC.AmericansmovefromoneplacetoanotherD.theUSisalargecountry答案:A记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1.n.&vt.命令;指令;掌握2.n.&vt.请求;要求3.n.口音;腔调;重音4.n.闪电5.adv.直接;挺直adj.直的;笔直的;正直的6.n.街区;块;木块;石块commandrequestaccentlightningstraightblock重点词汇拓展词汇7.n.词语;表示;表达→expressv.表达;表示8.adj.东方的;东部的→eastn.东方;东部地区9.vt.辨认出;承认;公认→recognitionn.认出;承认expressioneasternrecognize重点短语1.信不信由你2.来自世界各地3.扮演一个角色;参与4.从一个地方到另一个地方5....和……一样6.请稍等(电话用语)7.注意;记下8.建立;增进(健康)believeitornotfromallovertheworldplayapart(in)fromoneplacetoanotherthesame...asholdontakenoteofbuildup重点句型1.as引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如,正像”。(众所周知),BritishEnglishisalittledifferentfromAmericanEnglish.2.Thereisnosuch...as...没有像……的。Believeitornot,(没有像标准英语这样的东西).AsweknowthereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish重点句型3.This/Thatisbecause...这/那是因为……。(这是因为)intheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.4.thesame...as与……一样。SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostdialect(方言几乎是一样)peopleinthenorthwesternUSA.Thisisbecausethesameas联想微空间1.动词+­sion变为名词的常见单词①express→expression表达;表情②discuss→discussion讨论③decide→decision决定联想微空间2.“方位”大聚焦①midwestn.中西部→midwesternadj.(来自)中西部的②southeastn.东南→southeasternadj.(来自)东南的③northwestn.西北→northwesternadj.(来自)西北的④eastn.东方→easternadj.(来自)东部的⑤westn.西方→westernadj.(来自)西部的⑥southn.南方→southernadj.(来自)南部的⑦northn.北方→northernadj.(来自)北部的研词汇析句型练拓展4要点透析1.commandn.&vt.命令;指令;掌握(教材P12)CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?Let'sseehowtoretelltheminindirectspeech.你能从阅读部分找到下列命令和请求的表达方式吗?我们看看如何把它们转述为间接引语。[归纳拓展](1)haveacommandof...了解/掌握……underthecommandofsb.=undersb.'scommand由某人指挥;由某人控制atone'scommand听某人支配beincommandof控制……;掌握……takecommandof控制……(2)commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事commandthatsb.(should)dosth.命令某人做某事[基础训练]——单句语法填空①I'myourcommand—whatwouldyoulikemetodo?②Sheiscommandofourclassatpresent.③Thepolicecommandedthewitness(describe)whathadhappenedthedaybefore.④Thepolicemancommandedthatthethief(hand)inwhathehadstolen.⑤Thewarwasthecommandofthegeneral.atintodescribe(should)ha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