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Ⅰ.基础词汇1．________n．运河2．________adj.民用的；国内的3．________n.坝；堤；水闸4．________n.峡谷5．________n.建筑物；结构6．________vi.始于(某一历史时期)7．________n.(常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物8．________n.场所；遗址9．________vt.发(电)10．________vt.利用；将(自然力)变成动力11．________adj.狭窄的canalcivildamgorgestructuredaterelicsitegenerateharnessnarrowv．＋ing→n.carving雕刻品understanding理解painting绘画listening听力swimming游泳Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．____________n．(土木)工程→________n．工程师→________n．引擎2．____________vt.容纳(乘客等)→________________n．住宿；工作场所3．____________n．建造；建设；建筑→________vt.建设；建造4．________adj.历史的；有关历史的→________n．历史→________adj.有历史意义的5．________n．诗→________n．诗歌→________n．诗人6．________adj.全球的→________n．地球仪；球，球状物engineeringengineerengineaccommodateaccommodationconstructionconstructhistoricalhistoryhistoricpoempoetrypoetglobalglobecome＋adj.→动词短语cometrue实现comeright变得顺利comeuntied解开comeloose松开comealive变得活跃comeup发芽，被提出comeupwith提出，想出comeacross偶遇Ⅲ.短语速记1．_________起源于2．_________阻止3．__________________被用来做4．__________________很重要5．_________梦想6．_________(梦想、希望等)变成现实7．_________在历史上8．_________等同于；相当于；胜利datefromholdbackbedesignedtodoofgreatimportancedreamofcometrueinhistorybeequalto“胜任”常用词组befitforbesuitableforbeequaltobeuptoⅣ.句型熟背1．HowfaristheGreatWallofChinafrom________________?中国的长城离你住的地方有多远？2．____________________therelicsnowthattheyhavebeensubmerged?既然这些遗址被淹没了，那么还有可能再看到吗？whereyouliveIsitpossibletoseeⅠ.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．WhyistheThreeGorgesDamconstructed?A．ToharnesstheYangtzeRiver.B．TocontrolfloodingandprovidehydroelectricpowerforthecentralregionofChina.C．Toreduceairpollutioncausedbyburningcoal.D．TorealizeMaoZedong'sdream.答案：B2．Whocameupwiththeideaofconstructingthedamfirst?A．MaoZedong.B．SunYatsen.C．Thegovernment.D．Someexperts.答案：B3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheThreeGorgesDam?A．Itisawallofstonetoholdbackclouds.B．Itisthethirdlargestdamintheworld.C．Itisnearly200metreshighand15kilometreswide.D．Ithascostmorethananyotherconstructionprojectinhistory.答案：D4．Whatisthebenefitaftertheconstruction?A．Manycities,townsandvillageshavebeenflooded.B．Morethanonebillionpeopleintheregionhavemovedfromtheirhomes.C．ThedamgenerateselectricityforthecentralregionofChina.D．Manyfamoushistoricalsiteshavebeenflooded.答案：C5．WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheconstructionoftheThreeGorgesDamaccordingtothepassage?A．Therewillbemoreadvantages.B．Itwillbringsomeproblems.C．Thedisadvantagesaremuchmorethanadvantages.D．Notmentionedatall.答案：AⅡ.难句分析1．ThepoweroftheYangtzeRiver,whichistheworld'sthirdlongestriver,hasbeenharnessedbytheThreeGorgesDam.[句式分析]该句是主从复合句，whichistheworld'sthirdlongestriver是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theYangtzeRiver，关系代词which在从句中作主语。[尝试翻译]长江是世界第三大河流，其水力已被三峡大坝所拦截利用。2．Morethanamillionpeoplewholivedintheregionhavemovedfromtheirhomes.[句式分析]该句是主从复合句，who_lived_in_the_region是who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰people。[尝试翻译]超过一百万曾住在这个地区的人们离开了他们的家乡。知识点详解——重点词汇、短语1．datevi.始于(某一历史时期)v．注明日期；与某人约会n．日期，日子；约会[语境领悟]*MostoftheGreatWalldatesfromtheMingDynasty(1368～1644)．长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368年～1644年)．*OxfordandCambridgedatebacktothethirteenthcentury.牛津和剑桥的历史可追溯到十三世纪。*Oncethedecisionisreached,hecandateandsignthesheet.一旦决议达成，他就可以在这张纸上签署日期和姓名了。*Theyoungmandoesn'tliketodatewithagirlwhoseclothesareoutofdate.这个年轻人不喜欢和穿着过时的女孩约会。[归纳拓展]datefrom＝datebackto起源于，追溯到outofdate过时的；过期的uptodate现代化的；至今setadatefor选定……的日期todate到目前为止；迄今，至今*Todate,theyhaven'tsetadatefortheirwedding.到现在为止，他们还没有定下举办婚礼的日期。[名师点津](1)datefrom/backto常指以现在的时间点为起点，向前追溯到过去某个时间，因此在句中作谓语时要用一般现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态形式。(2)常用的没有被动语态形式的动词词组还有：breakout，runout，takeplace，belongto，goout，comeout等。即学即练❶单句改错①[2019·黑龙江哈尔滨校级月考]ReferringtoChineseteaculture,ithasseveralthousandyearsofhistoryandcandatebacktheancienttimes.____________________________②Theoldbuildingdatedbacktothe5thcenturyisgoingtoberebuilt.________________back后加to或back改为fromdated改为dating用date的相关短语完成句子③[2019·北京海淀区校级月考]TheartofpapercuttinginChinamay____________________(追溯到)thesixthcentury.④Thelake,which____________(追溯到)about3.4billionyears,coversasmuchas80squaremilesandisupto1,500feetdeep.⑤[2016·天津改编]Thedictionaryis____________(过时的):manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.datebackto/datefromdatesbackoutofdate漫画助记Dragonboatracingcandatebacktotwothousandyearsago.赛龙舟可以追溯到两千年前。2.accommodatev．容纳(乘客等)；供应；(使)适应；提供膳宿[语境领悟]*Theairportiswithinfivehours'flyingtimeofhalftheworld'spopulationandisdesignedtoaccommodate80millionpassengersayear.该机场位于世界上一半人口五小时的飞行时间所到达的距离之内，并且可以容纳每年八千万的乘客流量。*Someanimalscannotaccommodatetotherapidlychangingconditions.一些动物不能适应迅速变化的环境。*Studentsareaccommodatedinhomesnearby.学生被安置在附近的住家中。[归纳拓展](1)accommodateto适应accommodateoneselfto...使自己适应……(2)accommodationn.食宿；膳食供应makeaccommodationsfor为……提供食宿*Thegovernmentwillprovidetemporaryaccommodationforuptothreethousandpeople.政府将给多达3000人提供临时住处。即学即练❷单句语法填空①Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovide________________(accommodate)forthehomelessfamilies.②Hereyestookawhiletoaccommodate____thedarkness.accommodation(s)to漫画助记Thetreehousecanaccommodateupto4people.树屋里最多可以容纳四个人住宿。3.constructionn．建造；建设；建筑；建筑物[语境领悟]*Ournewschoolisstillunderconstruction.我们的新学校仍在建设之中。*China'ssocialistconstructionmainlydependsonthecommonpeople,asPresidentXihass