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Ⅰ.基础词汇1．________vt.毁坏2．________n.灰3．________vt.(火山的)爆发；喷发4．________n.火山5．________adj.以前的6．__________n.地震7．__________adj.全世界的8．________adj.积极的；活跃的9．________n．&v.损失；损害ruinasheruptvolcanopreviousearthquakeworldwideactivedamagewide后缀常用词nationwide全国范围的worldwide世界范围的continentwide整个大陆的economywide整个经济体的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．________n．可能；可能性→________adj.可能的→________adv.可能地2．________adj.吓人的；可怕的→________adj.感到害怕的→________vt.使……害怕→________n．恐怖3．________adv.幸运地；幸亏→________adj.幸运的→________n．运气4．________n．警告→________v．警告possibilitypossiblepossiblyterrifyingterrifiedterrifyterrorluckilyluckyluckwarningwarn5．________adv.感激地；满怀感谢地→________adj.感谢的→thankvt.感谢6．________adv.满怀希望地；有希望地→________adj.有希望的→________n．希望7．________adv.伤心地；不幸地→________adj.难过的；悲哀的8．________adv.幸运地；幸亏→________adj.幸运的thankfullythankfulhopefullyhopefulhopesadlysadfortunatelyfortunateify/fy使……vt.simplify简化beautify美化identify识别diversify使……多样化purify净化terrify使……害怕Ⅲ.短语速记1．___________发生2．___________放火(焚烧)3．___________着火(动作)4．________熄灭；扑灭(火)5．________________占地……6．________________根据7．________总计，总共8．___________如果有必要的话takeplacesetfireto...catchfireputoutcoveranareaof...accordingtoinallifnecessaryset常用词组setup建立setouttodo...开始认真做……setaboutdoing...开始认真做……setoff出发；引起setanexample树立榜样setdown记下，写下setaside放在一边Ⅳ.句型熟记1．Whenthelavareachedthesea,_________________________ahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大的海啸，淹没半个岛屿。2．Insomecommunities,___________________________killed.在一些社区，60%的人口丧生。3．TheCaliforniaEarthquakeofthe18thofApril1906is______________________________________________________.1906年4月18日发生的加利福尼亚地震是美国历史上最严重的一次地震。4．Fires_________________________________didthemostdamage.加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾造成了最严重的损失。therewasthepossibilityof60percentofthepopulationweretheworstearthquakethathaseverhappenedintheUnitedStatescausedbytheCaliforniaEarthquakeall词组小结notatall一点也不inall总计；总共afterall毕竟aboveall最重要的是allinall总而言之根据课文内容选择正确答案1．Howmanyearthquakeshappenintheworldayear?A．Abouttwo.B．Morethan100,000.C．About400.D．Morethan12,000.答案：B2．HowmanypeoplewerekilledintheearthquakethathappenedinShaanxiProvincein1556?A．800,000,000.B．830,000.C．1,362,000.D．332,000.答案：B3．WhatdidthemostdamageintheCaliforniaEarthquakein1906?A．Firecausedbytheearthquake.B．Theearthquakeitself.C．3,000deathsintheearthquake.D．ThemovementontheSanAndreasFault.答案：A4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Morethanahundredearthquakesoccurworldwideinayear.B．AnearthquakehappenedinShaanxiProvincein1556.C．TheCaliforniaEarthquakeonlylastedto5：15a．m.D．IntheCaliforniaEarthquakethefiresonlycausedabout3,000deaths.答案：B知识点详解——重点词汇、短语1．ruinvt.毁坏[语境领悟]*Shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniturehadbeenruinedbytheflood.她回到家发现所有的家具都被洪水毁坏了。*Heruinedhischanceofpromotionbyhisrudenesstotheboss.他由于对老板不礼貌而断送了晋升的机会。[归纳拓展]ruinsn废墟，遗迹inruins成为废墟come/go/runtoruin＝fallintoruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃，瓦解*Wevisitedtheruinsofthetemple.我们参观了那座庙宇的遗迹。*Thehotelwasinruinsafterthatbigfire.那场大火过后，旅馆成了废墟。*Afterthat，theempirecametoruin.在那之后，整个帝国走向毁灭。[易混辨析]damage指部分性“损害，破坏”，或指使用价值有所降低。既可作动词也可作名词，作名词时后跟介词todestroy指彻底性“破坏，毁灭”，以至于不能修复，也可用于抽象概念，指希望、计划等破灭。只能用作动词ruin指破坏严重，以至于不能修复，但这种破坏只是强调该物品的使用价值发生了变化。也可用于抽象概念即学即练❶选词并用其适当形式填空(damage/destroy/ruin)①Hewasluckyintheaccident,buthiscarwas________.②Lastnightaheavystormhitthecoastalareas,andalmostallbuildingsinthevillagewere________.③JohnandSandyarguedallthetime,whichcompletely________theeveningfortherestofus.④She________hermother'schancesofgettingajob.damageddestroyedruinedruined漫画助记Hisnewshoesgotruinedinthemud.他的新鞋被泥浆糟蹋了。2．setfireto放火(焚烧)……[语境领悟]*Ashandlavapoureddownthemountain,settingfiretohundredsofhouses.火山灰和熔岩沿着山倾泻下来，烧毁了几百座房子。*Itissaidthathisneighboursetfiretohishouse.＝Itissaidthathisneighboursethishouseonfire.据说是他的邻居放火烧了他的房子。[归纳拓展]beonfire着火(强调状态)catchfire着火(强调动作)makeafire生火putoutthefire扑灭火playwithfire玩火；做危险的事setsth.onfire放火烧某物即学即练❷完成句子①别玩火柴了，不然要把房子烧了。Stopplayingwiththosematchesoryou'll________________________________________.②昨晚他家失火了。Hishouse___________lastnight.setthehouseonfire/setfiretothehousecaughtfire3.putout扑灭(火)；生产[语境领悟]*Weputallthefiresout.我们扑灭了所有的火。*Thecompanyputsout900carsaweek.这家公司一星期生产900辆汽车。[归纳拓展]putup举起；张贴；建造；支起；为……提供食宿putoff推迟，拖延puton穿上；上演；假装putin插入putthrough使穿过；接通(电话)putdown放下，使(乘客等)下(车)；写下，记下putupwith忍受putaside搁置一旁；储蓄putaway放好；收起来*Weshallbehappytoputyouupwhenyoucometotownnextmonth.你们下个月到城里来时我们将很乐意为你们提供食宿。*Theconcerthadtobeputoffbecausethemainsingerwasill.由于主唱病了，音乐会不得不延期。[易混辨析]putout与goout易混词组辨析例句putout作及物动词短语用，表示“扑灭(火)；关(灯)”等，其后必须跟宾语Thefirespreadsoquicklythattheycouldn'tputitout.火势蔓延太快，他们无法将其扑灭。goout作不及物动词短语用，表示自行“熄灭”，其后不能跟宾语，无被动Therewasapowerfailureandallthelightswentout.停电了，所有的灯都熄灭了。即学即练❸用合适的副词或介词填空①Neverput________tilltomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday.②IwillbehavingapartynextSaturday;putit________inyournotebooksoyouwillnotforgetit.③Theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeenput________completely.④TheyputFrank________atagoodhotel.offdownoutup漫画助记Theymadeeveryefforttoputoutthefire.他们尽一切努力扑灭火焰。4.takeplace发生；举行[语境领悟]*Isavolcaniceruptiontakingplacenow?现在火山喷发还在发生着吗？*ThefetewilltakeplaceonSunday,rainorshine.游乐会定于星期日举行，风雨无阻。[归纳拓展]taket