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Ⅰ.基础词汇1．________n．灾难2．________n.飓风3．________n.龙卷风4．________n.柱状物；柱状体5．________vt.引起；导致6．________n.海流；潮流7．________vt.埋葬disasterhurricanetornadocolumncausecurrentbury8．____n.(动物的)毛皮9．________n.赤道10．________adj.旋转的；循环的11．________n.波浪12．________vt.&n.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击13．________n.墓地；公墓furequatorrotatingwavestrikecemetery常年灾害的n.flood洪水fire火灾landslide山体滑坡drought干旱tornado龙卷风tsunami海啸volcaniceruption火山喷发earthquake地震Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．___________vt.经历→experiencedadj.有经验的；熟练的2．________n．家具→furnishvt.配置(家具等)；装备3．________vi.发生→occurrencen.发生的事情；存在的事物4．________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地；强烈地→violencen．暴力；强烈experiencefurnitureoccurviolent常考的几个不可数n.furniture家具advice建议information信息evidence证据knowledge知识progress进步fun乐趣Ⅲ.短语速记1．__________因为；由于2．________卷起；掀起；用车接送3．________脱下；起飞4．________放下；写下5．________有史以来6．________结束7．________平均8．________参考；指的是becauseofpickuptakeoffputdownofalltimeenduponaveragerefertoⅣ.句型熟背1．Theycandestroyhouses,but_______________________________________________.它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具原封不动地留在原处。2．Theworsttornadoofalltimeoccurredin1925,____________________:Missouri,IllinoisandIndiana.有史以来最严重的一场龙卷风发生在1925年，影响了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。3．____________itended,morethan700peoplehadbeenkilledand2,700hadbeeninjured.等到风停时，已有700多人死亡，2700人受伤。leavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwasaffectingthreeUSstatesBythetimereferto与lookup辨析referto有多个意思：“参考，涉及，查阅，提及，指的是”，其中作“查阅”讲时，后面的宾语是工具书或参考资料等。lookup有“查阅，抬头看”的意思，作查阅讲时，其宾语为单词等。Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsabouttornadoisNOTcorrect?A．Itisakindofrotatingcolumnofair.B．Itisusuallycausedbyathunderstorm.C．Itcanreachaspeeduptomorethan400kilometersperhour.D．Itcancausemuchdamagetopeople,includingdeathsandinjuries.答案：B2．HowmuchdamagedidtheworsttornadocausetotheUS?A．Itpickedupcars,trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet.B．Thefurofthebackofmanycatsandthefeathersofmanychickenshadbeentakenoff.C．Itcausedabout80deathsand1,500injuries.D．Morethan700peoplelosttheirlivesand2,700hadbeeninjured.答案：D3．Whatarethesimilaritiesbetweenthetornadoandhurricane?A．Theybothoccurtogetherwithstrongwind.B．Americaisthecountryaffectedoftenbybothofthem.C．Theybothcancausealotofdamagetopeopleandthebuildings.D．Allabove.答案：D4．WherewasCharlesCoghlanbornindeed?A．InIreland.B．InCanada.C．InNewYork.D．InGalveston.答案：A5．Whatarethecausesofthesenaturalviolence?A．Thedifferentatmosphericpressurebetweentwoareas.B．Thechangeableweatherintheseareas.C．Thedestructionofthenaturebyhumanbeings.D．Notmentionedinthepassage.答案：DⅡ.难句分析1．TheGulfStreamisawarmoceancurrentwhichstartsintheGulfofMexicoandflowsnortheastacrosstheAtlantic.[句式分析]本句是一个复合句。句中含有一个定语从句，其中先行词是current，关系词是which。[尝试翻译]墨西哥湾流是发源于墨西哥湾，穿过大西洋向东北流动的温暖洋流。2．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.[句式分析]该句是简单句。causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。[尝试翻译]美国平均每年会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1_500人受伤。知识点详解——重点词汇、短语1．experiencevt.经历；体验n．经验；经历[语境领悟]*Haveyoueverexperiencedaflood?你曾经经历过洪灾吗？*Thecityexperiencedover2,000suchaccidentslastyear.去年这座城市发生了2000多起这样的事故。*Wehavemuchexperience(in)dealingwithallkindsofdisasters.我们有很多经验对付各种灾害。*CanyoutellmeyourexperiencesinAmerica?你能告诉我你在美国的经历吗？[归纳拓展](1)havemuchteaching/workingexperience有丰富的教学/工作经验havemuch/littleexperiencein在……方面有丰富的/没有经验from/byexperience凭经验；从经验中(得出)(2)experiencedadj.有经验的，熟练的beexperiencedin在……方面有经验*Myfatherisexperiencedinmakingallkindsoffurniture.我父亲在制作各种家具方面很有经验。[名师点津]experience的双面性experience作名词，作“经验”讲时，指不可数名词，如richexperience；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，如aterribleexperience“一次可怕的经历”。作动词时，意为“体验，经历”，是及物动词。MrKrollisanofficerwithexperience,whohasmanyoddexperiences.Evenhehasexperiencedwhatdeathmeans.克罗尔先生是位有经验的军官，他有着很多奇怪的经历。他甚至体验过什么是死亡。即学即练❶单句语法填空①Maryhasmuchexperience____driving.②Heisanofficerwith____________,_whohasmanyunusual____________(experience)．③There'snopointintellinghereverything—youjusthavetoletherlearn________experience.④Tomisveryexperienced____repairingcars.⑤Hearinghistravelling____________,_Iknewthathewasan____________traveller.(experience)inexperienceexperiencesby/frominexperiencesexperienced漫画助记2.causevt.引起，导致[语境领悟]*Doyouknowanythingabouttheevents?Forexample,whatcausesthem?你知道这些事件的有关情况吗？比如，是什么引起这些事件的？*Asmallsoundcausedhimtoturnhishead.一声低音引得他转过头去。*Heapologizedforcausingmesomeembarrassment.＝Heapologizedforcausingsomeembarrassmenttome.他为给我带来难堪而道歉。[归纳拓展]causesb.todosth.引得/使得某人做某事causesb.sth.＝causesth.tosb.给……引起……causen.原因，理由；事业[辨析比较]cause,reason,excusecause表示“直接原因”，后面常接介词ofreason表示“解释某个行为的理由”，后面通常接介词for或why引导的定语从句excuse表示“借口”，后面常接介词for即学即练❷单句语法填空①Thelackofecofriendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajorcause____globalclimatechange.②Wearewellpreparedforthelongtrip.Thereisnocause____concern.③Ithinkthatwehavetofigureoutwhatcausedthepriceofoil____(go)upassoonaspossible.offortogo漫画助记Eatingtoomuchcancauseobesity.过量饮食会造成肥胖。3.occurvi.发生[语境领悟]*AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS,intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.几乎所有(的龙卷风)都发生在美国，这些地区分布在从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。*Thethoughtofgivingupneveroccurredtome.我从来没有想到过放弃。*Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatitmightbebecauseofthepowerfailure.我突然想到，这可能是因为停电了。[归纳拓展]s