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词汇热身Ⅰ.根据语境猜测黑体词的词义1．Sheisoptimisticaboutherchancesofwinningagoldmedal.________2．Thereisarefrigerator,afreezer,anelectricstoveandadishwasherintheroom.________3．Cutthedough(面团)inhalfandshapeeachhalfintoaloaf.________________4．Theword“pad”meansananimal'sfoot.________5．Pleaseremovethedirtfromyourshoesbywipingthemonthedoormat.____________乐观的洗碗碟机造成……形状(动物的)脚门前擦鞋垫Ⅱ.根据语境选词填空1．She'saborn________sosheis________abouteverything.Thereisalwaysanoteof________inhervoice.(optimist/optimism/optimistic)2．“There'sbeena________improvementinyourEnglishsinceyouarrived.”hesaid________.(definitely/definite)3．Itmighttakehimagesbuthe'lldoit________becauseheissurehe'llbethe________winner.(eventual/eventually)4．Peruwas________bytheSpanishinthesixteenthcenturyandbecameSpanish________.(colony/colonized)5．Thehurricaneis________toreachthecoasttomorrowmorning.This________givesusawarning.(prediction/predicted)optimistoptimisticoptimismdefinitedefinitelyeventuallyeventualcolonizedcolonypredictedpredictionⅢ.根据汉语释义补全短语1．____out小心，当心2．____astart首先3．ontheway____即将被淘汰；即将过时4．come____(梦想等)实现5．throw____扔掉lookforouttrueawayⅣ.词义匹配1．beoptimisticaboutA．照顾2．switchonB．对……乐观3．takecareofC．打开4．getdressedD．结婚5．getmarriedE．穿上衣服答案：1.B2.C3.A4.E5.D知识点详解——重点单词、短语1．lookout小心；当心；向外看[语境领悟]*Lookout!We'regoingtohaveanaccident!小心！我们要出事故！*Shelookedoutofthewindowandsawapolicemancoming.她朝窗外望，看到一名警察来了。*Lookoutforpickpockets.小心扒手。[归纳拓展]lookoutfor小心，留意lookdown向下看；俯视lookdownon/upon轻视lookinto调查；向……里面看lookround/around环顾四周lookthrough浏览；透过……看lookup向上看；好转；查阅lookupto尊敬；敬仰*Don'tlookdownon/uponthoseoldmen.Instead,weshouldlookuptothem.不要看不起那些老人。相反，我们要尊敬他们。*You'dbetternotlookupthenewwordassoonasyoucomeacrossit.你最好不要一看到生单词就查词典。即学即练❶用适当的介词或副词填空①Look____!There'sacarcoming!②Hedecidestolook____themattertillthetruthisout.③Don'tlookdown________him;he'snofool.④Manypeoplehavetolook____themeaningofthiswordinthedictionary.⑤You'reapopulargirl,Grace,andalotofyoungeroneslookup____you.⑥—Look____fortheglass!—It'sOK.I'mwearingshoes.outintoon/uponuptoout2.shapevt.造成……形状；使成形；塑造n．形状[语境领悟]*Bytheyear2000,housewiveswillprobablyhavearobotshapedlikeaboxwithonelargeeyeonthetop...到2000年，家庭主妇可能拥有机器人，它的形状像盒子，顶部有一只大眼睛……*Sheshapedthemudintoacup.她把泥塑成了一个杯子。*Hisattitudeswereshapedpartlybyearlyexperiences.他的想法在一定程度上是由他早期的经历决定的。*Theboxwasintheshapeofaheart.盒子呈心形。*Thewomanisstillinshapewhileherhusbandisoutofshape.这位女士很健康，然而她的丈夫身体不健康。[归纳拓展]beshapedlike形状像shape...into...把……塑(造)成……intheshapeof...以……形状/式inshape健康；在外形上outofshape变形的；不健康takeshape成形；变得更有条理即学即练❷用shape的相关短语完成句子①Exercisealsohelpskeepyou________(健康的),makesyoustrongerandmoreflexible,andhelpsyoustayatahealthyweight.②Youhavebeensittingonmyhatandnowitisbadly____________(变形的)．③Anewroad,whichis____________(呈……形状)an“L”，isbeingbuiltinourtown.inshapeoutofshapeintheshapeof知识点详解——重点句型1．Notallpredictionscometrue.并非所有的预言都能成真。[句式分析]此句中“notall＋n.或all＋n.＋not”表示“不是所有的……都”，是部分否定的用法。当all,both,every等词与not连用时，表示部分否定。*Allhorsesareanimals,butnotallanimalsarehorses.所有的马都是动物，但并不是所有的动物都是马。*Allthatglittersisnotgold.[谚]发光的未必都是金子。[归纳拓展](1)英语中有些副词如altogether,always,entirely,wholly,quite等，以及含有all,both,whole,every等的副词性词组，在句中作状语，若句中含有not，则本句话表示部分否定，而非全部否定。Therichmenarenotalwayshappy.有钱的人并非总是幸福的。(2)部分否定与全部否定的对照：部分否定全部否定both...not/not...both(并非两者都)neither/not...neither(两者都不)两者Bothofthesistersarenothere.并非两姊妹都在这里。Neitherofthesistersishere.两姊妹都不在这里。all...not/not...all(＝some)并非所有……都every...not/not...every(＝some,afew)(并非每一个……都)thewhole...not/not...thewhole(并非全部)not...any/none(没有一个)noone/nobody(没有人)nothing(没有任何事物)两者以上Idon'tknowallofthem.他们我不全认识。Idon'tknowanyofthem.他们我全不认识。noteverywhere(并非到处)notabsolutely(并非绝对)notaltogether(并不全为)notalways(并不总是)notcompletely(并非完全)notentirely(并非全部)notexactly(不全是，未必就)notgenerally(一般并不)notnecessarily(未必)notquite(并不十分)notwholly(未必)nowhere(没有任何地方)not(不；没有)notatall/notabit(一点也不)never(从来不)副词Thefaultisnotaltogethermine.错不全在我。Thefaultisnotatallmine.错绝对不在我。即学即练❶句型转换①Allbamboosdon'tgrowtall.________bamboosgrowtall.②Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.____________thetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.NotallNotbothof把下列句子改为全部否定句③Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tanswerallofthem.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________④Tobehonest,Idon'tknowbothofthem.______________________________________________Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tansweranyofthem./Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butsheanswerednoneofthem.Tobehonest,Iknowneitherofthem.2.Thirtyyearsfromnowpeoplewillbewearingclothesmadeofpaperwhichtheywillbeabletothrowawayafterwearingthemtwoorthreetimes.从现在起三十年后人们将穿着纸制的衣服，穿过两三次以后就可以把它们扔掉。[句式分析]*Thebikemadeofironisheavy.用铁制造的自行车很重。*ThebookwrittenbyMoYanwhichistobepublishednextmonthwillsellwell.莫言写的下个月要出版的那本书将会卖得很好。即学即练❷仿写句子①我们会用木头做成的桌子，它们看起来很温暖。________________________________________________②你给我形状像树叶的那本书很有趣。________________________________________________Wewillusethetablesmadeofwoodwhichlookwarm.Thebookshapedlikealeafwhichyougavemewasinteresting.[词语积累]①colonyn．(某一类