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课时作业32Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·陕西省榆林市第一中学高三检测)Robotscomeinmanyshapesandsizes,butscientistsinZurich,Switzerland,havedevelopedonenewrobotcalledPleurobot,whichlooksandactsjustlikeasalamander(火蜥蜴)．Tocreatetherobot,scientiststookhundredsofXraysofrealsalamanders.Theystudiedtheimagesoftheseanimalstoseewhichjoints(关节)andmusclestheanimalsuseastheymove.ThenthescientistsbuiltthePleurobot'sskeletontomovejustliketherealthing.Thismakestherobot'smovementsincrediblylifelike.Accordingtoexperts,salamanderswereamongthefirstanimalstodevelopaskeletonandnervoussystemthatallowedthemtotravelonland.“Bystudyingthemodernsalamander,wehaveatimewindowtotheancestorsofallvertebrates(脊椎动物),includinghumans，”AukeIjspeert,thedesigneroftherobot,toldscholasticNewsOnline.Bothpeopleandsalamandershaveaspinalcord(脊髓).Aninjurytothespinalcordcanresultintheinabilitytomove.Now,thereisnocureforparalysis(瘫痪).IjspeerthopesthatthePleurobotcanhelpchangethat.Becausethesestudiescouldhelpresearchersdevelopnewwaystohelppeoplewhohavebeenparalyzedbyspinalcordinjuries.ScientiststhinkthatthePleurobotcouldalsobeusedforsearchandrescuetaskstoodangerousforhumans.Becausetherobotislowtothegroundandhasawiderangeofmotion,itcouldbeusedtogetintodangerousplaces,likefallenbuildings,tolookforsurvivors.Thankstoitswaterproofsuit,theroboticsalamandercouldevenparticipateinunderwatermissions.Expertsarenowworkingonasmaller,sturdier(hardertobreak)modelofthePleurobot.Theyexpectthisonetobeevenbettersuitedforgettingintosmallspacestododangerouswork.这篇文章主要讲了瑞士的科学家发明了一款新的机器人，这款机器人看起来有些像火蜥蜴。1．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Howrealsalamandersmove.B．WhatthePleurobotlookslike.C．WhyscientistsinventedthePleurobot.D．HowscientistsdesignedthePleurobot.答案：D解析：主旨大意题。第二自然段主要讲了科学家设计这款机器人的过程，选D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4referto?A．Theshapeofthespinalcord.B．Themovementofroboticanimals.C．Theproblemofspinalcordinjuries.D．Thewaythebraincontrolsthespinalcord.答案：C解析：细节理解题。由上文内容Aninjurytothespinalcordcanresultintheinabilitytomove.Now,thereisnocureforparalysis(瘫痪)．可知，that指的是脊椎受伤的问题，选C。3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethePleurobot?A．Fashionable.B．Entertaining.C．Functional.D．Powersaving.答案：C解析：推理判断题。由ScientiststhinkthatthePleurobotcouldalsobeusedforsearchandrescuetaskstoodangerousforhumans.Becausetherobotislowtothegroundandhasawiderangeofmotion,itcouldbeusedtogetintodangerousplaces,likefallenbuildings,tolookforsurvivors.Thankstoitswaterproofsuit,theroboticsalamandercouldevenparticipateinunderwatermissions.可推断出机器人Pleurobot非常实用，选C。4．Thetextismostprobably________.A．anewsreportB．aresearchpaperC．anadvertisementD．anofficialdocument答案：A解析：推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了瑞士的科学家发明了一款新的机器人，这款机器人看起来有些像火蜥蜴，所以这篇文章最可能是一则新闻报道，选A。Ⅱ.七选五(2019·唐山一中高三模拟考试)ItwasabeautifulmorninginNewMexico.Iwasrunningupthemountain.Iwascarryingaloafofbread，twopoundsofapples，andafreshchangeofclothes.ThisisnotacrazydreamIhad.Likemanypeople，Ioftenrunerrandsonmywaytowork.Unlikemostpeople，Itaketherunningpart“wordbyword”.__1__Idon'tdrive.Irarelybike.Sotogetplaces，Irun.Inatypicalweek，Irunabout70miles.Ihaven'talwaysruneverywhere.__2__Afteralongbutproductiveday，Iwokeupinthehospital—Iwasdiagnosedwithepilepsy(癫痫)．Thereweremedicalteststobetakenandofcourselotsofformstobefilledin.IrealizedthatwhereIthoughtIhadanswers，therewereonlyquestions.IwasabouttomovetoSantaFeforadreamjob.Woulditbesafetolivetherealone?__3__WhatifIhadaseizure(发作)whileIwasrunning，inthistownIdidn'tknow，farfrommyfamily?SoIsatdown，andpenneddownwhatIplannedtodo.Soitgotstarted.Runningmeansindependence.RunningmeantIcouldrelyonmyself.__4__NowIstillruneverywhere，evenifIdon'tneedtoanymore.__5__Icannotimaginemylifewithoutit.Runninghastaughtmenottobeafraid.Toacceptwhatcomes.EvenifpeoplethinkIlooksillyrunning.A．Noonebelievesinme.B．Runningmeantachoice.C．Asamatteroffact，Iruneverywhere.D．Butanotherquestionjumpedatmeinnotime.E．IknowIwillhavetostopsomewhereinmylife.F．Itturnsoutthatmyillnesshasn'tshapeme，butrunninghas.G．Itstartedoneeveningmorethaneightyearsagoduringaworktrip.这篇短文介绍我一直在跑步，是因为我当初被诊断为癫痫，我依靠自己，坚持跑步，没有让疾病控制我，我却离不开跑步了。1．C解析：考查上下文推理判断能力。根据第一段语境可知，此处表示我经常跑步，衔接下面的“我不开车，也很少骑自行车。”并且第二段中的“Ihaven'talwaysruneverywhere.”可知上一段提到他总是到处跑。C项(事实上，我到处跑。)符合语境。2．G解析：考查上下文推理判断能力。根据本段下文介绍自己曾经发生的事。G项(这件事开始于八年前工作之旅的一个晚上。)该项作为一个事件的开端，非常合适，并且与下文衔接紧密。3．D解析：考查上下文推理判断能力。根据该处上一句是自己提问的一个问题，下一句也是一个问题，而D项(但又有一个问题突然向我扑来。)放在两个句子中间衔接上下两句。4．B解析：考查上下文推理判断能力。本段是说跑步意味着独立。B项(跑步是一种选择。)放在该处符合语境，与上下文衔接紧密。5．F解析：考查上下文推理判断能力。根据上句提到我现在仍然在跑步，即使我现在不需要了，并且下文表示我离不开跑步了，可推知我的病好了。F项(事实证明，我的病并没有塑造我，但跑步却做到了。)与上下句衔接紧密。Ⅲ.语法填空(2019·河北武邑中学高三调研)AhumanoidrobotnamedSophiahasmadehistory__1__becomingthefirstrobotintheworldwithcitizenship.JournalistAndrewRossSorkinmadetheannouncementattheendofaninterviewwithSophia.“Wejustlearned,Sophia,Ihopeyou'relisteningtome,thatyouhavebeennowawarded__2__isgoingtobethefirstSaudicitizenshipforaRobot，”hesaidtoapplausefromtheaudience.Sophiaresponded,withoutmissingabeat:“IwanttothankverymuchthekingdomofSaudiArabia.”“Iamveryproudandhonored__3__(award)citizenshipandIsimplyappreciate__4__(recognize)withcitizenshipasarobot,whichishistorical.”the