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课时作业29Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·福建省厦门第一中学高三月考)TherehavebeenclaimsthatwarmingonMarsandPlutoisproofthattherecentwarmingonEarthiscausedbyanincreaseinsolaractivity,andnotbygreenhousegases.Butwecansaywithcertaintythat,evenifMars,Plutooranyotherplanethaswarmedinrecentyears,itisnotduetochangesinsolaractivity.TheSun'senergyoutputhasnotincreasedsincedirectmeasurementsbeganin1978.Ifincreasedsolaroutputreallywasresponsible,weshouldbeseeingwarmingonalltheplanetsandtheirmoons,notjustMarsandPluto.Oursolarsystemhaseightplanets,threedwarfplanetsandquiteafewmoonswithatleastathinatmosphere,andthusaclimateofsorts.Theirclimateswillbeaffectedbylocalfactorssuchasorbitalvariations,changesinreflectanceandevenvolcaniceruptions,soitwouldnotbesurprisingifseveralplanetsandmoonsturnouttobewarmingatanyonetime.OnetheoryisthatwindshaverecentlysweptsomeareasofMarscleanofdust,darkeningthesurface,warmingtheRedPlanetandleadingtofurtherincreasesinwindiness—apositivefeedbackeffect.ObservationsofthethicknessofPluto'satmospherein2002suggestedthedwarfplanetwaswarmingevenasitsorbittookitfurtherfromtheSun.Thefindingconfusedastronomersatthetime,andthecausehadyettobedetermined.Ithassincebeensuggestedthatthisisduetoagreenhouseeffect:AsitgetsclosertotheSun,Plutomaywarmenoughforsomeofthemethaneiceonitssurfacetoturnintoagas.Thiswouldcausefurtherwarming,whichwouldcontinueforawhileevenafterPluto'sorbitstartstotakeitawayfromtheSun.本文是一篇科普说明文，有人认为地球变暖是因为太阳活动而不是温室气体，文章驳斥了这个观点。同时对太阳系里另外一些星星的变暖情况分别进行了分析。1．Whatcause(s)thewarmingofsomeplanets?A．Thesolarsystem.B．Theirlocalfactors.C．Volcanicmountains.D．Thethinatmosphere.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句Theirclimateswillbeaffectedbylocalfactorssuchasorbitalvariations,changesinreflectanceandevenvolcaniceruptions可知，导致某些星球变暖的原因很多，可能是受到这些星球的当地因素的影响。故B项正确。2．WhatistheoutcomeoftherecentwindsonMars?A．They'vecooledtheplanet.B．They'veleftaclearsky.C．They'vecausedmorewinds.D．They'vehelpedcleantheplanet.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段OnetheoryisthatwindshaverecentlysweptsomeareasofMarscleanofdust,darkeningthesurface,warmingtheRedPlanetandleadingtofurtherincreasesinwindiness—apositivefeedbackeffect.可知，火星上的风吹走了灰尘，让火星变暖同时也会导致风力的进一步变大。故C项正确。3．WhatdoweknowaboutthethicknessofPluto'satmosphere?A．Itremainsmysterious.B．Ittroubledastronauts.C．Ithasbecomethinner.D．Itcontributestothewarming.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句ObservationsofthethicknessofPluto'satmospherein2002suggestedthedwarfplanetwaswarmingevenasitsorbittookitfurtherfromtheSun.可知，冥王星厚厚的大气层导致了冥王星变暖。故D项正确。4．WhichofthefollowingmightleadtothewarmingonEarthaccordingtothewriter?A．Solaractivity.B．MarsandPluto.C．Greenhousegases.D．TheSun'senergyoutput.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句可知有人认为地球变暖是因为太阳活动而不是温室气体。根据第二句Butwecansaywithcertaintythat,evenifMars,Plutooranyotherplanethaswarmedinrecentyears,itisnotduetochangesinsolaractivity.可知，我们可以确切地说地球变暖不是因为太阳运动，也就是说地球变暖是由温室气体导致的。故C项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·济南一中模拟)Iwentwithsomecolleaguesfrommyofficeforadinnerinaverypopularlocalrestaurant.Itwas__1__businesstimeandtherestaurantwaspacked.We__2__foundatableinacornerforthreeofus.Assoonaswesatdown,weheardacrashwhenacleaningboy__3__thefloorwithalltheplateshewascarrying.Therewas__4__andnoonewassayingordoinganything.InaflashIrememberedmy__5__manyyearsago.Once,I__6__intheairportbecauseIhadrushedthereonmyownonanemptystomach.Iwaspickedupandtakencareofbytwo__7__.Nowthiswasmychanceto__8__itforward.Irantotheyoungman'ssideimmediately,turnedhimonhisbackandscreamedforsomeoneto__9__ahotdrink.SoonpeoplestartedaskingifIwasadoctor.IsaidIwasnot,__10__Iwasskillfulatblackingout(晕厥)．Thekidsoonopenedhiseyes,__11__whathadhappened.I__12__himbysayingitwasOKandIhadhada__13__experience.Hehadnoteatenanything.Iheldthe__14__drinktohismouthtillhefinisheditandsatwithhimtillhefeltOK.Bythenthe__15__hadarrived.Iaskedhertogivethekidsomethingtoeat.Iofferedtopay.Themanagerwaskindenoughtorefusethe__16__andagreedtomakesurethekidatebeforehewenthome.Bythetimeallthiswas__17__itwasgettinglateformycolleagues.Wehadn't__18__anythingyet,sotheydecidedtogohome.Islowlywalkedhome,nothungryanymore,feeling__19__fortheopportunityIpayforwardthe__20__Ihadreceivedmanyyearsago.本文是一篇记叙文，主人翁“我”和朋友去餐厅吃饭的时候，突然打扫卫生的男孩摔倒在地，我立刻提供帮助。因为之前我晕倒的时候，也有陌生人向我提供了帮助，我想把这份善良继续传递下去。作者想通过这个故事告诉读者：人间自有真情在！1．A.peakB．localC．spareD．regular答案：A解析：考查上下文串联。A.peak高峰的；B.local当地的；C.spare空闲的；D.regular有规律的。根据后半句可知餐厅里非常拥挤，说明那是用餐的高峰期。故A项正确。2．A.actuallyB．finallyC．eagerlyD．gradually答案：B解析：考查副词。A.actually实际上；B.finally最终；C.eagerly急切地；D.gradually逐渐地。我们去吃饭的时候正是用餐高峰期，饭店里非常拥挤，我们最终在角落里找到了吃饭的桌子。故B项正确。3．A.kickedB．touchedC．sweptD．hit答案：D解析：考查动词。A.kicked踢；B.touched触摸；C.swept清扫；D.hit撞击，击中。根据上句weheardacrash可知我们听到了撞击声，说明盘子摔到了地上。故D项正确。4．A.silenceB．dangerC．doubtD．tension答案：A解析：考查常识。A.silence安静；B.danger危险；C.doubt怀疑；D.tension紧张。根据“and”后的内容可知，没人在说或做任何事情，可知非常安静。故A项正确。5．A.adventureB．flightC．experienceD．lesson答案：C解析：考查名词。A.adventure探险；B.flight航班；C.experience经验，经历；D.lesson教训。句意：看到这一幕，我突然想起了很多年前的某一次经历。根据下文描述可知，那是我之前的一次经历。故C项正确。6．A.showedupB．walkedaroundC．settleddownD．passedout答案：D解析：考查上下文串联。A.showedup出现；B.walkedaround四处走动；C.settleddown定居；D.passedout昏迷。根据下句可知我空腹急急忙忙地前往机场，昏迷后受到陌生人的帮助，