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课时作业22Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·甘肃省师大附中上学期高三月考)TheNationalGalleryDescription：TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadifferentcollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13thcenturyreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout：ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13thto15thcenturypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16thcenturypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitianandVeronese.TheNorthWinghouses17thcenturypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velázquez,ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18thtoearly20thcenturypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours：TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere：Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3minutewalk),Embankment(7minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8minutewalk)．这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了英国伦敦国家美术馆的藏品、布局、开馆时间和到达路线。1．Inwhichcentury'scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?A．The17th.B．The13th.C．The18th.D．The20th.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据Description部分中的Ithousesadifferentcollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13thcenturyreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.可知在十三世纪的藏品中，你可以看到宗教绘画，故选B。2．WhereareLeonardodaVinci'sworksshown?A．IntheEastWing.B．IntheSainsburyWing.C．InthemainWestWing.D．IntheNorthWing.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据Layout部分中的ThemainWestWinghouses16thcenturypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitianandVeronese.可知列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品在themainWestWing展出，故选C。3．WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?A．PiccadillyCircus.B．LeicesterSquare.C．Embankment.D．CharingCross.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据GettingThere部分中的Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3minutewalk),Embankment(7minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8minutewalk)．可知CharingCross到theNationalGallery需要两分钟，是所用时间最短的，故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2019·潜江市高三模拟)ComparedtothehistoryofChina,thehistoryoftheUnitedStatesisquiteshort.__1__In1776,13colonies(殖民地)locatedontheeasterncoastofNorthAmericadeclaredindependenceandfoughtarevolutionagainsttheBritish.In1783thecolonistswontherevolutionandgainedtheirindependence.Aftertherevolution,theUnitedStatesboughtalargesectionofcountryfromNapoleonofFrance.Thispurchasedoubled(加倍)thesizeoftheUnitedStates.__2__Ifhehadn'tneededthatmoney,theUnitedStatesmighthavestayedasmallcountry.TexasandmostofwhatisnowthesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStatesbelongedtoMexico.ThepeopleofTexasfoughtarevolutionagainstMexico.__3__Later,theUnitedStatesandMexicowenttowar.IfMexicohaddefeatedtheUnitedStatesinthatwar,CaliforniaandNewMexicowouldhavebeenpartofMexicotoday.TheBritishandtheAmericansbothclaimedthenorthwesternpartofthecountry.Theysettledtheirdifferenceswithacompromise.Southofthe49thparallelwastheUnitedStates.Northofthe49thparallelwasCanada.In1861onehalfoftheUnitedStatesdidgotowarwiththeotherhalf.__4__PresidentLincolnwantedtofreeslaves.HewassupportedbytheNorthbutopposedbytheSouth.TheSouthwantedtoseparatefromtherestofthecountryandbecomeindependent.__5__FollowingtheCivilWar,theUnitedStatesboughtAlaskafromRussia.Todayitisthelargeststateinthecountryandaveryimportantone,too.A．ThiswastheCivilWar.B．ItwascontrolledbyEnglandthen.C．Itbeganlittlemorethan200yearsago.D．After4yearsofwar,theSouthwasdefeated.E．NapoleonneededmoneyforhisEuropeanwars.F．TheybecameindependentandjoinedtheUnitedStates.G．Atthattimemanypeopledidn'tthinkAlaskawasimportant.这是一篇说明文。与中国的历史相比，美国的历史是相当短暂的。本文讲述了美国的独立战争、殖民历史和南北战争等。1．C解析：上文提到“与中国的历史相比，美国的历史是相当短暂的。”再根据下文提到“在1776年，位于北美东海岸的13个殖民地宣布独立，并与英国进行了一场革命。”C项Itbeganlittlemorethan200yearsago.(它开始于200多年前)承上启下。该项中的morethan200yearsago与上文quiteshort吻合。故选C。2．E解析：根据上文提到美国向法国购买了大片土地，下文提到“如果他不需要这笔钱，美国可能仍然是一个小国家。”E项NapoleonneededmoneyforhisEuropeanwars.(拿破仑在欧洲战争中需要钱)承上启下。该项中的neededmoney与下文的hadn'tneededthatmoney相吻合。故选E。3．F解析：上文提到“德克萨斯州和现在大部分的美国西南部原属于墨西哥。德克萨斯人民与墨西哥进行了一场革命。”F项TheybecameindependentandjoinedtheUnitedStates.(他们独立并加入了美国)是上文的延续，讲述德克萨斯归属美国的历史。该项中的They指上文的ThepeopleofTexas。故选F。4．A解析：上文提到“1861年，美国的一半与另一半开战。”A项ThiswastheCivilWar.(这就是美国内战)承接上文，都是讲美国内战。该项中的This指的就是上文提到的In1861onehalfoftheUnitedStatesdidgotowarwiththeotherhalf。5．D解析：上文提到“南方想要脱离这个国家的其他地区，独立出来。”D项After4yearsofwar,theSouthwasdefeated.(经过4年的战争，南方被打败了)说明这场战争的结果。该项中的theSouthwasdefeated与上文中的TheSouthwantedtoseparatefrom...吻合。Ⅲ.语法填空(2019·兰州一中高三调研)TheBritishhavemanytraditionsbutthereisnothingmorequintessential(典型的)thantakingafternoontea.WeknowtheBritishhavealoveaffairwithdrinkingtea,__1__morethan160millioncupsdrunkeveryday,butitwastheinventionofafternoonteathatturnedteadrinkinginto__2__popularpastime.Thissociablefeastinvolvesdrinkinggoodqualitytea__3__(comfort