2020版高考英语一轮总复习 课时作业11 Unit 1 Festivals around the

课时作业11Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·长沙市雅礼中学高三调研)Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries.Uniqueworksofthiskindsaredifferentfromtoday'spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature，”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong­lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了艺术价值是否是普遍的这个问题。1．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?A．Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B．Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C．Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D．Inexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.可知，文化相对主义把艺术价值与当地条件联系起来。故选C。2．InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat________.A．greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB．historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapartC．popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD．greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段末的Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.可知，“文化相对主义把艺术价值与当地条件联系起来”这样的观点是无法解释某些艺术作品在不同文化和几个世纪中都有着激发人类心灵的能力的。可以推断出在第二段出现这些伟大的艺术家，就是为了说明这些至今还在全世界流行的伟大的艺术作品可以超越时间和国界。下文的例子就是对上文观点的解释。故选A。3．AccordingtoHume,someworksofartcanexistforcenturiesbecause________.A．theyareresultsofscientificstudyB．theyestablishsomegeneralprinciplesofartC．theyarecreatedbytheworld'sgreatestartistsD．theyappealtounchangingfeaturesofhumannature答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature，”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.可知Hume认为，一些艺术作品可以存在几个世纪，是因为他们反映了人性不变的特征。故选D。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．ArePopularArtsPermanent?B．AreArtisticValuesUniversal?C．IsHumanNatureUniform?D．IsCulturalRelativismScientific?答案：B解析：标题判断题。本文主要讨论了艺术价值是否是普遍的这个问题。特别在文章最后也进行了点题Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart，由此可知本文最佳标题，故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·敦煌中学高三诊断考试)Whenmywife,Jane,andIwere16,wewereinthesameclass.AboutaweekbeforeThanksgivingDay,wefoundoutthatourteacherEdwardwashavingsome__1__challenges.Wewantedtodosomethingtohelp,soasaclasswe__2__togatherfood,clothingandgiftsto__3__hisfamilyhadagoodThanksgivingDay.WhenJanetoldherfamilyaboutourplan,hermotherwas__4__.Togethertheysearchedtheirhouseforthingstheycould__5__.Hermotherwenttothekitchen,__6__abigturkeyandsaying,“ThanksgivingDaywon'tbe__7__withoutaturkeydinner.”Tothisday,Janeremembershowmovedshewasbyhermother's__8__.Beforemakingour__9__，wesaidaprayerofappreciationforthewonderful__10__tohelpothers.Iwillneverforgetthesurprised__11__ofourteacherandhiswifewhenthey__12__thedoor;theirfourchildrengatheredaroundthemaswehandedoutthegifts.Itwasacoldnight;weallfeltwarminside,__13__.LastmonthwhileIwasinameeting,mysecretaryinformedme,“YourhighschoolteacherMrEdwardiswonderingifyoucould__14__himafewminutes.He'ssittinginyourofficerightnow！”Ileftmymeetingandwenttomyoffice__15__.MyteacherandIhuggedandbeganto__16__thelastyears.Hetoldmehe__17__rememberedthatcoldwinternightwhenwebroughtthe__18__ofThanksgivingDaytohisfamily.Thefoodandgiftswerecertainly__19__，butwhatwarmedhisheartthatnightwastoseeagroupofteenagerswhounderstoodthe__20__ofThanksgivingDay.本文是一篇记叙文。作者的老师遇见了经济困难，在感恩节的时候作者和同学们为老师准备了食物和礼物，让老师非常感动。老师多年以后仍然记得这件事情，温暖老师内心的是学生能够理解感恩节的精神。1．A．financialB．personalC．academicD．typical答案：A解析：考查形容词辨析。A．financial经济的；B.personal私人的，个人的；C.academic学术的，学业的；D.typical典型的；根据下文我们决定帮助他买食物衣服可知Edward老师遇见了经济问题。故A项正确。2．A．appliedB．determinedC．attemptedD．preferred答案：B解析：考查动词辨析。A．applied申请；应用；B.determined决定；C.attempted尝试，企图；D.preferred更喜欢，宁愿；老师遇见了经济问题，我们想提供帮助，全班决定给老师买食物衣服和礼物确保他们过一个很好的感恩节。这是全体学生的决定，故B项正确。3．A．figureoutB．pointoutC．makesenseD．makesure答案：D解析：考查动词短语辨析。A．figureout搞清楚；B.pointout指出；C.makesense有意义，讲得通；D.makesure确保，保证；我们想提供帮助，全班决定给老师买食物衣服和礼物确保他们过一个很好的感恩节。故D项正确。4．A．satisfiedB．puzzledC．amazedD．touched答案：D解析：考查形容词辨析。A．satisfied满意的；B.puzzle