2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题四 语法填空 基础语法专题（二）冠词课件 新人教版

基础语法专题(二)冠词1．特指与泛指①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort­listed,wethoughtitwasjoke.②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverpast25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofovertop.athethe④(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead,sheisearning￡6,500adayasmodelinNewYork.⑤(2017·11月浙江高考)It'snotallthathardtobuildanadvancedandlargevocabulary.Likemanythingsinlife,it'songoingprocess...⑥(2017·6月浙江高考)ForPahlsson,itsreturnwaswonder.aana2．基本用法⑦(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Ofnineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.⑧(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyevenmostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.thethe3．固定搭配⑨(2019·6月浙江高考)Everybodywearssamestyleofclothes.⑩(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly,I'mface­to­facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingattopofherlungs.⑪(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Asresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.⑫(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle­fed,otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.⑬(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforwhile,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.thetheathea[考情聚焦]1.冠词是语法填空题的常考点，经常考查不定冠词a，an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。2.解答冠词类题目时，首先需要明确设空处是表示特指还是泛指，如果是前者用the，后者则需要再判断用a还是an。(一)明确泛指与特指泛指不定冠词用在首次提到的或不限定的单数可数名词前表示泛指特指(1)用在上文提到的人或物前表示特指(2)用在被限制性修饰语加以限定的人或物前表特指(3)用在表示双方所默认的特定的人或物的名词前表特指(二)注意不定冠词使用的场合表示类指或某类中的“任何一个”。Avirusisaverysmalllivingthingthatcausesdisease.表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词；或由不定冠词构成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义，相当于acertain；或专有名词前加不定冠词，表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间。Ihaveaquestiontoaskyou.Inasensewhatyousaidistrue.Allofasudden,sheburstintotears.ExpertsthinkthattherecentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybeaPicasso.表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。Suddenlytheyheardaloudvoice.表示“每”，相当于each,every,per，用在表示价格、速度、比率等词前。Pricesstartat￡13.95ayardforprintedcotton.用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。表示“一种……的人或事”。Hesuddenlyappearedonarainynight,whichwasagreatsurprisetous.不定冠词用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。Liveagood,honorablelife.Thenwhenyougetolderandthinkback,you'llgettoenjoyitasecondtime.(三)掌握定冠词表示的特例表示特指的人或物，或者双方都知道的或心中都明确的人或物，或者指上文已经提到过的人或事物。Takeyourtime—it'sjustashortdistancefromheretotherestaurant.用在世界上独一无二的事物前。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedQingdao？用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妻俩；或用于形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。Theexplosionsawpeoplerushtohelptheinjured.用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。It'ssaidthatcornwasgrownalotinTibetinthe17thcentury.(四)具备解题敏感意识1．如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词；2．如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the；3．如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。单句语法填空1．PeopleareabletoseetheChinesetechnologyofthetime,whichhelpsthemgreatdealinunderstandinghowtheChineselived.2．Youreallyoughttomakemostoftheopportunity,becauseyouwon'tgetsecondchance.3．Soifyouareunsureandstillwonderingwhetherthechocolatedietreallydoesworkornot,thenitpaystomakeappointmentwithyourdieticianordoctor.4．Confuciuswasextraordinaryeducatorandphilosopher,andfoundedConfucianism.atheaanan5．“Mywalletisnolongerinuse.IcanbuyandeatwhateverIwantwithatapofmyphone，”saidLiJinlong,overseasChinesestudentfromCambodia.6．Likemanyotheruniversitiesatthattime,Harvardattheearlystageoftenranintofinancialcrisis.7．InChineseculture,eachyearisrelatedtoChineseanimalaccordingtothe12­yearcycle.8．The“Spider­story”isoftentold.RobertBruce,leaderoftheScotsin13thcentury,washidinginacavefromtheEnglish.anaathe9．Formostindividuals,asresultofeatingfoodsrichinfatsandsugarseveralyears,theychoosetogoonadietbutdonotsucceedattheend.10．Iusuallygotomyworkplacecoffeeshoptoplaceorder,butthisWednesday,itwasslightlydifferent.aan11．Lasttermourclassheldameaningfulactivitywhichrequiredustoformgoodhabitin100days.12．ItwasfantasticdayandIhopetheywillcometoChengduagain.13．Lastbutnotleast,weshouldtakeactivepartinsportsandbuildupourbody.14．Onenteringtheflat,youwillfindyourselfinthesittingroom.Tobehonest,sittingroomismyfavouritepart.15．ZhangWeiwaswatchingTVwhilehisfatherwaspreparingdinnerinthekitchenoneveningofJanuary9th.16．ItisgreathonourformetotakepartinthevolunteerworkandIlearnthesignificanceofhelpingothers.aaanthethea