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第二部分知识运用天天练第三讲冠词和名词1．单句语法填空(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations，threearedeclining，sixarestable，oneisincreasing，andninelackenoughdata.(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninterestingcompetition(compete)towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.(3)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)．..amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses(cause)．(4)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__crowds(crowd)ontheroads...2．单句改错(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly，sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.player改为players(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Toeveryone'ssurprising，theballwentintothenet.surprising改为surprise(3)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)．..theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.chicken改为chickens1．冠词考点分析(1)不定冠词a/an用于第一次出现的单数名词之前，名词元音音素开头用an。I'mgoingoutwithanoldfriend.我要和一个老朋友出去。(2)定冠词the和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物。Mothercarvedthemeatintoslices.妈妈把肉切成了片。(3)定冠词the用在序数词、形容词最高级前。ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.这是我所读过的书中最有趣的一本。2．名词考点分析(1)一般情况下在名词后加s。如：desks，days，effects，causes，crowds等。(2)以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如baby→babies，city→cities等；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays，storey→storeys(楼层)。(3)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时加s的名词有：belief→beliefs，roof→roofs，safe→safes，gulf→gulfs；去掉f，fe加ves的名词有：half→halves，knife→knives，leaf→leaves，wolf→wolves，wife→wives，life→lives，thief→thieves。(4)动词加tion/sion结尾变成名词常见的词汇：attract—attraction有吸引力的事；introduce—introduction介绍；educate—education教育；suggest—suggestion建议，暗示；pollute—pollution污染；instruct—instruction指导，介绍；operate—operation操作，动手术；graduate—graduation毕业；admit—admission承认；impress—impression印象1．单句语法填空(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshortlisted，wethoughtitwas__a__joke.(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreasedpollution(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.(3)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Thistrend，whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)asamethodoffightingheartdisease，hashadsomeunintendedsideeffects(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.(4)(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Shehasturneddownseveralinvitations(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.2．单句改错(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)SinceIwasakid，I'veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.job改为jobs(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.an改为a(3)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.city改为cities(4)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turnleft！”word__改为words