2020版高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 知识运用天天练 第二讲 非谓语动词课件

第二部分知识运用天天练第二讲非谓语动词1．单句语法填空(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A90­year­oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”forbeing__(be)Britain'soldestfull­timeemployee－stillworking40hoursaweek.(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake__to__get(get)there.(3)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged(challenge)．2．单句改错(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly，saythatIhadatalentforfootball.say改为saying(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.sell改为selling(3)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)．..butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem，myparentswouldnotletme.watching改为watch(4)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivity；otherswerenervousandanxious.take前加to1．动词不定式考点分析(1)接带to的不定式作宾补，此类动词(短语)有：advise，allow，ask，cause，command，encourage，expect，forbid，force，get，invite，leave，like，mean，order，permit，persuade，prefer，request，tell，want，warn，wish，callon，dependon/upon，longfor，waitfor等。Ididn'tmeanyoutohearit.We'realllongingforthenewtermtobegin.(2)接不带to的不定式作宾补的动词(短语)有：make，have，let等使役动词以及see，watch，notice，observe，lookat，feel，hear，listento等感官动词。如果这些动词或短语用于被动语态，则to不可省略。动词help后的不定式符号to可以省略，也可以保留。Letthoseinneedunderstandthatwewillgoallouttohelpthem.Shewasseentoenterthemanager'sofficetenminutesago.(3)动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后。Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.2．动词­ing形式考点分析(1)动词­ing形式(现在分词)表示动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，与句子的主语是主动关系。Thesunbegantoriseinthesky，bathingthemountainingoldenlight.(主动关系)(2)介词后要接动词­ing形式(动名词)作宾语，如whatabout，howabout，befondof，begoodat等的介词后接动名词。注意on/upondoingsth.＝assoonas引导的从句，作此意讲时on/upon后也可以接名词。Onhisarrival/Onarrivingatthestation，hefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.(3)动词­ing形式(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome，therewasapileofmailswaitingforher.(4)动词admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，risk，resist，suggest等后要接动词­ing形式(动名词)作宾语。BillsuggestedholdingameetingonwhattodofortheExpoduringthevacation.注意：①动词短语can'tstand，giveup，feellike，keepon，insiston，lookforwardto，putoff，devote...to，objectto，bebusy(in)，getdownto，havedifficulty/trouble(in)，haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)，havefun等后要接动名词作宾语。Ihadgreatdifficulty(in)findingthesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.②want，require，need表“需要”讲，后用不定式时，要用其被动形式；用动名词时，用其主动形式(表被动意义)。Thepatientrequiredtobeexamined.Thepatientrequiredexamining.(5)动词­ing形式作宾补的两大特征：一是宾语与现在分词有主谓关系；二是现在分词所表示的动作正在进行。可接现在分词作宾补的动词(短语)常见的有：have，see，hear，find，get，leave，notice，watch，keep，start，set，catch，smell，feel，send，listento，lookat等。Ilookedupandnoticedasnakewindingitswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.Iwon'thaveyouspeakingtoyourdadlikethat.IheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbyalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.(被动，正在进行)3．动词­ed形式考点分析(1)动词­ed形式(过去分词)作宾补的两大特征：一是及物动词的过去分词作宾补与宾语有动宾关系；二是不及物动词的过去分词作宾补与宾语有主谓关系，多用来表示动作已完成。可接过去分词作宾补的动词有：have，see，hear，find，leave，want，make等。Clairehadherluggagecheckedanhourbeforeherplaneleft.Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch.(2)feel＋过去分词，表示状态是系表结构，常接的­ed形式的形容词有：amazed感到惊奇的，confused感到困惑的，encouraged感到鼓舞的，interested感到有兴趣的，satisfied感到满意的。1．单句语法填空(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplansto__retire(retire)fromher36­year­oldbusiness.(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacallsaying_(say)shewasshort­listed，wethoughtitwasajoke.(3)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Youmaydrink，smoke，beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskofdying(die)earlybyrunning.(4)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlongto__see(see)thebenefit.2．单句改错(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanageone，Iwillopenmore.manage__改为managing(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent，waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.wait改为waiting(3)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turningleft！”Turning改为Turn(4)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Whensummercomes，theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables!pick前加to