2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题五 短文改错课件

专题五短文改错攻关策略规范解答短文改错的“万能公式”[命题专家有话说]1．题目体裁：短文改错的体裁以记叙文和说明文为主；时常会选用书信形式的文章。2．题目题材：语言材料来自考生熟悉的话题、多涉及他们身边发生的事情。3．题目难度：文章篇幅不长，110词左右，一般不超过10个句子，其难易程度符合考生的实际英语写作水平。4．考查方向：非单纯地考查词汇和语法知识，还考查灵活运用语言的能力。[高考状元传经验]1.解题四原则：改动以最少为原则；虚词以添加或删除为原则；实词以改变词形为原则；以保持句子原意为原则。2．解题三核对·核对错项时注意要符合1：1：8比例，即多词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。·核对改正的语法项目是否有重复，一般不会出现重复的现象。·核对答题符号的使用是否规范，位置是否准确。短文改错解题流程[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]I'vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamisto①opensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple,it②requiredalotofideasandefforts.WhatIwantisnotjustan③ordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.Iwantmycafe④haveaspecialthemesuchas⑤like“TangDynasty”.Inthecafe,customerswillenjoy⑥yourselvesinthehistoricalenvironment⑦whatiscreatedforthem.IfIsucceedin⑧manageone,Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferent⑨city.Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeand⑩anuniquestyle.利用短文改错万能公式口诀来解题动词形：②require:文章讲述的是现在发生的事，故用一般现在时。required→名词数：⑨city:many修饰可数名词复数。city→注意形和副：③ordinarily：此处用形容词ordinary修饰名词cafe。ordinarily→非谓语动词细辨别：①open:to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。不定式短语toopenacafe在句中作表语。opens→requirescitiesordinaryopen习惯用法要记住：④want:wantsb./sth.todosth.“希望某人/某物做某事”。cafe后加to⑤like:suchas“例如”，是固定搭配。⑧manage:succeedindoingsth.“成功做某事”，为固定搭配。manage→句子成分细分析：⑦what：先行词是thehistoricalenvironment，定语从句中缺少主语，故用that或which。what不可以引导定语从句。what→逻辑错误需关注：⑥yourselves此处指代主语customers，要用themselves。yourselves→冠词a、an区别记心中：⑩an:unique是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，其前用a，不用an。an→去掉as后的likemanagingthat/whichthemselvesaTest1[2019·湖北八校高三联考]Manytraditionalartswerelosingnowadays,becausesomeofwhomarebeingreplacedbymodernproducts.Ifeelextremesorryaboutthelosingarts.Inmyopinions,theyareclassicandtheircharmwillneverfadeaway.Takemygrandmafortheexample.Sheisbetteratpaper­cuttingwhichwaslearntfromhermother.WhenIfoundmygrandmahadthisskill,Iwassosurprisedandcuriousit.Iaskedmygrandmatoteachingmetheskill.Duringtheprocess,Ifoundthatthisartwasbrilliant,butIwasattractedbyit.Sometraditionalartslikepaper­cuttingshouldbekeeping.答案与解析：Manytraditionalartswere①arelosingnowadays,becausesomeofwhom②themarebeingreplacedbymodernproducts.Ifeelextreme③extremelysorryaboutthelosingarts.Inmyopinions④opinion，theyareclassicandtheircharmwillneverfadeaway.Takemygrandmafortheexample.Sheisbetter⑥goodatpaper­cuttingwhichwaslearntfromhermother.WhenIfoundmygrandmahadthisskill,Iwassosurprisedandcurious∧⑦aboutit.Iaskedmygrandmatoteaching⑧teachmetheskill.Duringtheprocess,Ifoundthatthisartwasbrilliant,but⑨and/soIwasattractedbyit.Sometraditionalartslikepaper­cuttingshouldbekeeping⑩kept.①were改为are考查时态。根据该句中的“nowadays”可知，此处为一般性描述，故用一般现在时。②whom改为them考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处是because引导的原因状语从句，不是定语从句，故用them指代前面提到的“traditionalarts”。③extreme改为extremely考查副词。副词修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，故用副词extremely修饰形容词sorry。④opinions改为opinion考查固定短语。inone'sopinion固定短语“在某人看来”，故把opinions改为opinion。⑤删除example前的the考查固定短语。take...forexample固定短语“以……为例”，the多余，故删除。⑥better改为good考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“她擅长剪纸”，句中没有比较的含义，故把better改为good。⑦curious后加about考查固定短语。becuriousabout固定短语“对……好奇”，故在curious后加about。⑧teaching改为teach考查非谓语动词。asksb.todosth.固定短语“让某人做某事”，故把teaching改为teach。⑨but改为and/so考查连词。根据语境可知，前后两句表示顺承关系，不是转折关系，故把but改为and/so。⑩keeping改为kept考查语态。分析句子结构可知，此处是情态动词的被动语态，故把keeping改为kept。Test2[2019·长沙四校一模]Mybrotherteachesmehowtorideabikelastmonth.Iwenttoanearbyparktogetherwhenhetoldmetheskillpatiently.Severaldayslater,Ifinallysucceededinfullymasteringoftheskill.Infact,bikeridinghasadvantage.First,myhomeisnotfarawayfromtheschoolanditissoconvenienceformetogotoschoolbybike.Beside,bikeridingisgoodexercise.Byrideabiketoandfromschool,Ihaveachanceofgettingenoughexerciseeveryday.Atlast,itisalsoundoubtedlywisechoiceforourenvironmentbecauseridingbikesreduceairpollution.Mybrotherteaches①taughtmehowtorideabikelastmonth.I②Wewenttoanearbyparktogetherwhen③wherehetoldmetheskillpatiently.Severaldayslater,Ifinallysucceededinfullymasteringoftheskill.Infact,bikeridinghasadvantage⑤advantages.First,myhomeisnotfarawayfromtheschoolanditissoconvenience⑥convenientformetogotoschoolbybike.Beside⑦Besides，bikeridingisgoodexercise.Byride⑧ridingabiketoandfromschool,Ihaveachanceofgettingenoughexerciseeveryday.Atlast,itisalso∧⑨anundoubtedlywisechoiceforourenvironmentbecauseridingbikesreduce⑩reducesairpollution.①teaches改为taught考查时态。本句谈的是在上个月发生的事情，应用一般过去时。②I改为We考查代词。根据语境以及下文中的“together”“hetoldmetheskillpatiently”等信息可知，此处应为“我们(我和我哥哥)一起去附近的公园”。③when改为where考查定语从句。此处的关系词引导定语从句，先行词为park，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where，表示“在那里他耐心地告知我技巧”。④删除mastering后的of考查介词。此处master是及物动词，后面的of多余。⑤advantage改为advantages考查名词。advantage在此处表示“优点，好处”，且下文列举了不止一种好处，故用复数形式。⑥convenience改为convenient考查形容词。根据前面的is和so可知，此处应用形容词。⑦Beside改为Besides考查副词。beside是介词，作“在……旁边”解(相当于nextto)。besides是副词，作“此外，而且”解，通常置于句首。根据语境可知，此处要用副词Besides。⑧ride改为riding考查非谓语动词。ride位于介词by之后，应用动名词形式。⑨在undoubtedly前加an考查冠词。此处choice是可数名词，且根据语境可知，此处表示“一个毋庸置疑的明智选择”，故用不定冠词表泛指，且undoubtedly的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。⑩reduce改为reduces考查主谓一致。ridingbikes是动名词短语作主语，谓语要用第三人称单数。Test3[2019·临川联考]Inordertoencouragetheseniorstotakeexerciseandrelaxthem,wearegoingtoorganizeamountain­climbingactivityinApril10.Weweretogatherattheschoolgateandstartat7：20a．m.bybusandgetbackat7：00p．m.We'llclimbHuangshanMountaininthemorning,onwhicht