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Unit3LifeinthefutureSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage1自主预习2合作探究4巩固提升5课时作业3单元语法自主预习Ⅰ．短语互译1．_____________按下2．___________加速3．searchfor________4．belackingin________pressdownspeedup寻找缺乏Ⅱ．语法感悟用所给词的适当形式填空，并指出其在句中的功能。1．___________(worry)aboutthejourney，Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.(原因状语)2．_______________(wellknow)fortheirexpertise，hisparents’company，__________(call)“FutureTours”，transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.(原因状语；后置定语)3．SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriage__________(drive)bycomputer.(后置定语)WorriedWellknowncalleddriven合作探究(1)v.①(尤指人的身体或头部)(使)倾斜；偏向Shebent(over)topickupabookfromthefloor.她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。②(使四肢等)弯曲Touchyourtoeswithoutbendingyourknees.用手够到你的脚趾，膝盖别弯曲。核心词汇1．bendv．&n.③把……弄弯(或折起)It’shardtobendanironbar.把铁棒弄弯很不容易。④(使)拐弯；弯曲Theroadbendstotherightafterafewyards.这条路在几码远的地方转向右方。(2)n.[C](尤指道路或河流的)拐弯；弯道①Ican’tseeifthereisacarcomingbecausethereisabendintheroad.我看不见是否有小汽车开过来，因为路上有个拐弯。②Thereisasharpbendintheroadhere.这段路上有一处急转弯。bendone’smind/effortstosth.致力于某事；专心致志于某事bendsb.tosth.迫使；说服①Hecouldn’tbendhismindtohisstudies.他不能专心学习。②Shetriedtobendherhusbandtoherwishes.她设法使丈夫顺从她的愿望。单句语法填空Agoodexercisefortheheartis___________(bend)downandhelpingsomeonetogetup.bending(1)n.沙漠；荒漠(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Above4,000metersisthehighlanddesert:gravel,stonesandrocks.海拔4000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石、石块和岩石。2．desert(2)vt.抛弃；遗弃；离弃①Thepricerisecausedmanyreaderstodesertthemagazine.价格上涨导致许多读者放弃了这本杂志。②Hehasbeendesertedbymostofhisadvisers.他的大多数顾问都弃他而去。③Hedesertedhisjobforhisdream.他为了自己的梦想抛弃了工作。desertedadj.空寂无人的desertionn．抛弃；放弃dessertn．甜点；甜食；甜品Themanwhowasdesertedinthedesertwaseagertogetsomedesserttoeat，andlaterhefoundadesertedhut.被抛弃在沙漠里的那个人渴望弄些甜点吃，后来他发现了一个无人居住的小屋。单句语法填空①Toavoidbeingpunished，hehadto__________(desert)hiswifeandchildren，andwenttoa____________(desert)islandfortherestofhislife.②MrsRoding’shusband____________(desert)heryearsago.③Becauseofhis_____________(desert)，hiscompanywascompletelydestroyedbyabigfire.desertdeserteddeserteddesertion①Hespeedsuptocatchupwiththecarrunningahead.他加速为赶上在前面行驶的那辆汽车。②Obviously，agoodlearninghabitcanhelpusspeeduptoreachourdestinations.显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加速达到我们的目标。③Plentyoffreshairandexercisewillspeeduphisrecovery.充足的新鲜空气和锻炼将加速他的康复。重点短语1．speedup加速(1)speedby飞逝，(时间)很快地过去(2)speedn．速度ataspeedof...以……的速度atlow/high/top/fullspeed以低速/高速/最高速/全速gain/pickup/gatherspeed加快速度①Daysspedbyandsoonitwastimetogobacktowork.几天转眼过去，很快又到了回去上班的时候。②Howdidtheaccidentcomeaboutsincehedroveataspeedofthirtymilesperhour?既然他以每小时30英里的速度开车，那么事故是怎样发生的呢？③Ourtimeisenough.Youneedn’tdriveatfullspeed.我们的时间充足，你不必全速行驶。④Onceoutsidethestation，thetrainbegantopickupspeed.一出车站，火车就开始加速。补全句子①Ihadalreadytakenstepsto___________(加速)asolutiontotheproblem.解析：句意：我已经采取措施加快解决该问题。表示“加速”，要用speedup。speedup单句语法填空②We’dbetterspeed______ifwewanttobethereontime.③Thecarturnedeast______fullspeed.④Thecaristraveling______aspeedof40mph.⑤Twomonthshadsped______beforeheknew.upatatby(1)精心挑选①Shewaspickedoutfromthousandsofapplicantsforthejob.从数千人中挑选出她来做这份工作。②WehadalotoffunpickingoutapresentforMary.我们觉得为玛丽选礼物很有趣。2．pickout(2)认出来；辨别出①Itwasjustpossibletopickoutthehutonthesideofthemountain.那小舍坐落在山边，隐约可见。②Shewasabletopickoutherattackerfromthesepeople.她能够从这些人中辨认出袭击她的人。pickover用心挑选；筛选pickoff去除；剪除①Hepickedoverthetomatoes，lookingfortheripestones.他把西红柿拿起来仔细看，要挑选最熟的。②Pickoverthebeanscarefullyincasethereareanystonesamongthem.把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去。③Don’tpickoffanyoftheseflowers.这些花一朵也不要采摘。补全句子①电影院里太黑我几乎辨认不出我的朋友。Itwassodarkinthecinema___________________________myfriend.单句语法填空②Thechildwassounique.Thoughhewaslostinthecrowd，Ieasilypickedhim_______.thatIcouldhardlypickoutout单元语法过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”，即“被动关系”。过去分词短语作条件、原因以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。过去分词作状语Ⅰ．过去分词作状语时的功能1)原因状语①Caughtinaheavyrain，hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。②Frightenedbythenoiseinthenight，thegirldidn’tdaresleepinherroom.被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。2)时间状语①Askedwhyhedidit，themonitorsaiditwashisduty.当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。②Approachedinthedarkthebulbslookedlonelyandpurposeless.在黑暗中走近时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。3)条件状语和假设状语①Growninrichsoil，theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。②Givenbetterattention，theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。4)方式状语或伴随状语①Surroundedbyhisstudents，theprofessorsattherecheerfully.那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。②Hestoodtheresilently，movedtotears.他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。5)让步状语①Beatenbythepolice，senttojail，Gandhiinventedtheprincipleofnonviolentresistance.尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。②Defeatedagain，hedidnotloseheart.尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。6)独立成分(插入语)①Givengoodweather，ourshipwillreachShanghaiMondayevening.假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。②Putfrankly，Idon’tagreewithwhathesaid.坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。Ⅱ．与状语从句的转换1)过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。Seenfromthetopofthehill，theparklooksmorebeautiful.→Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill，theparklooksmorebeautiful.从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2)作条件状语，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。Givenmoretime，shewouldcertainlyhavedonemuchbetter.→Ifshehadbeengivenmoretime，shewouldcertainlyhavedonemuchbetter.如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。3)作原因状语，可转换为as，since或because等引