搜索
Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionⅢGrammar过去分词作宾语补足语语境自主领悟先观察原句1.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.2.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.3.Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth，butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland.语境自主领悟后自主感悟1.例句1中的过去分词included和例句3中的过去分词settled作动词____的宾语补足语。2.例句2中的过去分词connected作动词___的宾语补足语。findget语法精要点拨作宾语补足语的过去分词一般为及物动词，表示被动和完成，说明宾语所处的状态。一般与它前面的宾语在逻辑上构成动宾关系，表示被动，其结构形式为：主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋过去分词。一、几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)1．表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see，watch，observe，find，lookat，hear，listento，feel，notice，think等。WhenIcamein，Isawastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进去时发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselveslostforwords.甚至最好的作家有时候也会表达不出来。Thenextmorningpeoplenoticedtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。2．表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have，make，get，keep，leave等。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。[名师点津]“have＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示三种含义：(1)表示“让某人做某事”I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要去理发。(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”Hehadhiswalletstolen.他的钱包被偷了。(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)Ihadmyhouserepairedlastweek.上周，我修补了房子。3．表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like，want，wish，order等。Theteacherdoesn'twishsuchquestions(tobe)discussedinclass.老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek.经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。4．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealreadylaidforamealtobecooked.客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备盛放即将做好的饭菜。[即时演练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①Isawanoldman_______(knock)downbyacar.②I'dlikethejob____(do)whenIcomebackfromthejourney.③Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimself_____(hear)．④Anoldmanwasbroughtin，withhishands____(tie)behindhisback.knockeddoneheardtied二、非谓语动词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别1．感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，lookat，notice，hear，listento，feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)：hear＋宾语＋doingsth.听到……正在做……主动、进行dosth.听到……做了……主动、完成done听到……被做被动、完成或无时间性IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动，完成)IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动，正在进行)TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语，我们应该找机会并尽可能多地听别人说英语。(被动，无时间性)[即时演练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher____(grow)upfromchildhood.②Themissingboywaslastseen_______(play)neartheriver.③Whenhecameback，hewasgladtoseethework________(finish)．growplayingfinished2．使役动词make，have，get，keep后加复合宾语的比较make＋宾语＋dosth.让……做某事主动done让……被做被动Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。Imademyselfknowntothemfirstandthenwetalkedaboutourhobbies.我先向他们作了自我介绍，然后我们谈论了自己的爱好。have＋宾语＋dosth.使……做某事主动doingsth.使……持续做某事主动、进行done使……被做被动Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。Shehadherluggagecheckedanhourbeforeherplaneleft.她在飞机起飞前一个小时对她的行李进行了安检。have还可用于havesth.todo结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有很紧急的事要通知你们。get＋宾语＋todosth.使……做某事主动doingsth.使……开始做某事主动done使……被做被动Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他让我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。I'llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。keep＋宾语＋doingsth.使……一直做某事主动、进行done使……被做被动I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.对不起，让你久等了。Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas.她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。[即时演练3]用所给词的适当形式填空①Barbaraoftenmakesascheduletogetherself________(remind)ofwhatsheistodointheday.②Hewantstohavehiseyes________(examine)tomorrow.③Hespokeslowlyandclearlysothathecouldmakehimself__________(understand)．④LiHua，whowasbusypreparingareport，couldn'tputupwiththeloudnoise，sohekeptallthewindows____(shut)alldaylong.remindedexaminedunderstoodshut3．with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较withsb./sth.doing主动、进行sth.done被动、完成sth.todo表示将来Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowingthem.这对老年夫妇晚饭后经常在公园里散步，他们的狗跟着他们。Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。Withalotofworktodo，shewasn'tallowedtoleaveheroffice.由于有许多工作要做，不允许她离开办公室。[即时演练4]用所给词的适当形式填空①Withmuchhomework_________(finish)，Iamnotallowedtogoout.②Shefellasleepwiththelight_______(burn)．③Withagreatweight_____(take)offhermind，shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.tofinishburningtaken语法应用落实Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空1．Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepsherstudents______(amuse)withherstories.2．There'ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.Iwillhavemycomputer________(repair)．3．Thegirlhadherhat_____(blow)onherwayhome.4．Tomwasgoingthroughthecrowdwhenheheardhisname______(call)．amusedrepairedblowncalled5．Thebosshastheworkers____(work)14hoursaday.6．Wehadthemachine______(mend)justnow.7．Don'thavethedog_______(bark)much，Jennifer.8．Helayonthegrasswithhiseyes_______(look)atthesky.9．Withwater______(heat)，wecanseethesteam.10．Themanagerwouldn'tlikethematter_________(discuss)atthemeeting.workmendedbarkinglookingheateddiscussedⅡ.单句改错1．Suddenlythemannoticedhimselffollowingbyastranger.__________________2．Shes