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Unit2TheenvironmentSectionⅣLanguagepoints(Ⅱ)(Wordpower,Grammarandusage&Task)语言基础自测Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1．Thepolicemadeseveral(逮捕)duringthefootballmatch.2．She(拍打)meonthebackandjokedwithme.3．Thekindgrandmotherlentussomesoftorange(毯子)．arrestsblanketsclapped4．Thetwostories，soIdidnotknowwhattobelieve.5．Thecrimerateinthiscityhasinthelastdecade.6．Wehavetakentoavoidsuchthingshappening.decreasedmeasuresconflictedⅡ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1．arrivev．到达→n．到来，抵达；到达者2．illegaladj.非法的→adv.非法地3．vt.使印象深刻→impressionn．印象illegallyimpressarrivalⅢ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1．cause/dodamage对……造成危害2．makespace为……留出空间3．pick拾起，捡起4．pick找出，挑选5．clean打扫(或清除)干净toupoutupfor6．set建立7．take脱下；起飞8．queue排队等候offupupⅣ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1．Theexplorersabaseatthefootofthemountain.2．Throughsomeefforts，rescuerstheruinscarefullywhichcoveredtheinjured.3．ItwasnotuntilsheherglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.4．Thankstoherperfectfigure，shewasfromthousandsofapplicantsforthejob.cleaneduppickedoutsetuptookoff1．Thestateofourparksisveryshocking，withrubbisheverywhere.我们公园到处都是垃圾的情形令人非常震惊。[记句式结构]句中withrubbisheverywhere是with的复合结构，在句中作状语。[仿写促落实]，sherefusedtogooutwithme.她有许多作业要做，所以不跟我出去。Withmuchhomeworktodo2．Ontakingoffhisjacket，theyfoundatortoise.一脱下他的夹克上衣，他们就发现了一只陆龟。[记句式结构]“on＋动名词/名词”意为“一……就……”，在句中作时间状语。[仿写促落实]，thegirlwasveryfrightened.一看到那条蛇，小女孩就十分害怕。Onseeingthesnake3．Ilikeditwhenyoutoldthatjoke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。[记句式结构]“动词＋it＋when从句”结构中，it指代后面的从句作形式宾语。[仿写促落实]IIhearsomeonecheatintheexam.我讨厌听到有人在考试中作弊。hateitwhen核心要点探究arrivaln．到来，抵达；到达者(教材P29)Uponthearrivalofspring，beautifulbirdswouldsinghappilyinthepark.春天一到，漂亮的鸟儿们就会在公园里快乐地歌唱。(1)on/uponone'sarrival＝on/uponarriving一到……就……，到达时，抵达时(2)arrivevi.到达arriveat/in到达(某地)①IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedtomeet.我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们本该在那里见面的。②Onyourarrival，pleasewaitforfurtherinstructions.你抵达后，请听候进一步的提示。③Guestsreceivedinneron/upon(arrive)atthehotel.旅客一到旅馆即可就餐。arriving/arrivalpickup捡起；拾起；收听；(偶然)学会；用车接(某人)；恢复(教材P29)However，nowIjustfindittiring，becauseIhavetopickuprubbishwhereIamgoingtosit.然而，现在我感到非常疲惫，因为我必须要把我要坐的地方的垃圾捡起来。写出下列句中pickup的含义①Pickthatbookup.②IfyougotoEnglandyou'llsoonpickupEnglish.③We'llsendtheambulancetopickhimup.④IpickedupRadioBeijinglastnight.⑤Nowthatyourtemperaturehasdropped，I'msureyouwillpickupsoon.学会恢复收听用车接捡起pickoff摘下来；去除，剪除pickout找出，挑选，选出；辨认出；领会，理解⑥Youshouldnotpickoffanyoftheflowers.你不应该摘花。⑦Ihavebeenpickedtorepresentthewholeteam.我被选出来代表全队。outcleanup打扫(或清除)干净(教材P29)Iamsadthattheyoungpeopleoftodaydonotcleanupafterthemselvesbeforetheyleavethepark.令我感到伤心的是现在的年轻人离开公园前不去清理自己留下的垃圾。(1)cleanaway除去cleanout扫除，清除，把……内部打扫干净cleandown把……洗干净cleanoff扫除，擦去，清理(2)clearup整理，使整洁；(天空)放晴；澄清，消除；治疗；(脸色)开朗起来①We'llhavetohavethefallenleavescleanedaway.我们得找个人把这些落叶清理掉。②Iaskedthechildrentocleantheirdrawers.我要求孩子们打扫干净他们的抽屉。③Itisrainingnow，butIthinkitwillclearsoon.现在还在下雨，不过我想很快就会放晴。outuparrestvt.&n.逮捕(教材P29)TwopeoplewerearrestedyesterdayataParisairportforbringinganimalsintoEuropefromSouthAmericaillegally.昨天两个人因非法从南美洲携带动物进入欧洲而在巴黎的一家机场被逮捕。arrestsb.for...因……而逮捕某人getarrested遭逮捕arrestone'sattention引起注意beputunderarrest被逮捕①Withthehelpoftheoldman，thecriminalswereputunderarrest.在那位老人的帮助下，这些犯罪分子均被逮捕。②Thebeautifulsunsetarrestedourattention，andwestoppedtowatchit.美丽的日落吸引了我们的注意力，我们停下来观看。③Theyoungmangot(arrest)forcausingthatseriousaccident.因造成了那起严重的事故，这个年轻人被捕了。④Thepolicearrestedherbeingdrunkwhiledrivingacar.警察因为她醉酒驾驶而逮捕了她。forarrestedimpressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记；使意识到(教材P31)WhenIheardwhatyousaidabouttheenvironmentandtheeconomyneedingtoworktogethermore，Iwasveryimpressed.当听到你说环境和经济需要更加协调发展时，我印象非常深刻。(1)impresssb.(withsth.)(某事/物)给某人深刻印象impresssth.onsb.＝impressonsb.sth.使某人铭记某事beimpressedby/at/with对……印象深刻(2)impressionn.印象，感想leave/give/makeanimpressionon给……留下深刻印象(3)impressiveadj.使人印象深刻的①Iwasdeeplyimpressedbywhatshehadsaid.她说的话深深打动了我。②Thespeakerimpressedmewiththesenseofhumor.演讲者的幽默使我印象深刻。③Myteacherimpressedmethevalueofstudyinghard.我的老师让我铭记努力学习的重要性。④Thebeautifulandcleancityhasleftagreat(impress)onforeignvisitors.这个漂亮干净的城市给外国游客留下了极好的印象。impressiononconflictvi.冲突，抵触n．冲突；矛盾(教材P31)Manypeoplethinkthateconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotectionconflictwitheachother.许多人认为经济发展与环境保护相冲突。(1)conflictwith与……冲突(2)comeintoconflictwith与……冲突/矛盾inconflictwith与……冲突/矛盾①Thetwosidescameintoconflictlastweek，causing5peopledeadandmanyinjured.上周双方发生了冲突，造成五人死亡，多人受伤。②Theinterestsoftheindividualshouldnotbeconflictwiththeinterestsofthecollective.个人的利益不能与集体的利益发生冲突。③Youshouldtrytoavoidconflictingcoworkers.你应该尽量避免和同事发生矛盾。inwithdecreasevt.&vi.减少n．减少(教材P33)Thisisoneofthecheapestandbestwaysofdecreasingdesertification.这是减少沙漠化最经济、最好的方法之一。(1)decreaseto/by...减少到/减少了……decreasefrom...to...从……减少/降低到……(2)onthedecrease在减少①Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom1，500to1，200thisyear.今年新生人数从1500人减少到了1200人。②Thetrafficaccidentsinthecitydecreased30%lastyear.该城市去年交通事故减少了30%。③Thenumberofviolentcrimesisondecrease.暴力犯罪的数量正在减少。theby[名师点津]decreaseto后接数字，表示“减少到……”；decreaseby后接分数、百分数或其他表示数量的词，表示“减少了……”。measuren．措施；方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定(教材P33)Thecentrehasover300scientistsdevotedtofindingmeasuresthatwillstopdesertification.中心有三百多名科学家致力于找到治理沙漠化的方法。takemeasurest