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Section_ⅤWriting_—_如何写正反观点类议论文一、基本结构1．开头。提出一种论点或一个具体的问题。2．主体。论点提出后，我们就要根据汉语提示部分提供的事实，对正反双方的论据进行分析、论证，使论点得到足够的支持。因此，正反双方时常用Some...However(While,But)some...；引入论据时常用表示递进关系的过渡词besides,also,even,what'smore,too,inaddition等，也用表示列举的firstly,secondly,thirdly,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand等。3．结尾。对正反双方的观点及理由进行陈述后，在结尾部分我们就要得出结论并发表自己的观点。这部分常用的词语有：Itismyopinionthat...,inmyopinion,inaword,ashasbeensaid,finally,therefore等。二、增分佳句1．Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.2．Opinionsaredivided.3．Peoplehavetakendifferentattitudestoward...4．Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.5．Peopleholddifferentviewsabout...Somepeoplearefortheopinionthat...,whileotherspointoutthat...6．Someofthemholdtheopinionthat...7．However,eachcoinhastwosides.8．AsfarasI'mconcerned,Ibelievedthat...[题目要求]克隆人这一话题在世界上引起了激烈的争论。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇题为“OnHumanCloning”的短文。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。赞同·是一个科学的突破·能制造出拯救生命的人体组织和器官·对无生育能力的人是一个喜讯注意：词数100左右。参考词汇：干扰interferewithOnHumanCloningCloningisproducinganexactcopyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.However,humancloninghascausedmuchdebate.反对·克隆人是违背伦理的·无权用人类做实验·不应该干预自然·担心造成超人种你的观点·应将重点放在对人类有益的动物和干细胞的研究上第一步：审题构思很关键一、审题1．确定体裁：本文为正反观点类；2．确定人称：本文的主要人称为和人称；3．确定时态：以为主。二、构思第一部分：点出讨论的话题。第二部分：阐述正、反双方的观点。第三部分：陈述我的观点。议论文第一第三一般现在时第二步：核心词汇想周全1．科学突破2．制造3．组织和器官4．以……做实验5．取代6．将某人的努力集中于ascientificbreakthroughproducetissuesandorgansexperimentwithreplacefocusone'seffortson第三步：由词扩句雏形现1．它能制造出有价值的人体组织和器官。2．这些人体组织和器官能用来拯救生命。(beusedtodo)3．我们无权用人类做实验。(havenorightstodo...)4．如果我们干预自然会出现很多问题。(arise;if条件句)Itcanproducevaluabletissuesandorgans.Thetissuesandorganscanbeusedtosavehumanlives.Wehavenorightstoexperimentwithhumans.Ifweinterferewithnature,manyproblemsmayarise.5．我们担心造成超人种。(beworriedthat...;superhumanrace)6．这种超人种可能会取代我们。7．我认为克隆确实是一个科学突破。Weareworriedthatwemayproduceasuperhumanrace.Thesuperhumanracecouldreplaceus.Inmyopinion,cloningisreallyawonderfulscientificbreakthrough.8．我们应该将注意力放在能应用于医学研究的动物克隆和干细胞上。(that定语从句)9．这样我们才能使之造福于人类。(make＋宾语＋宾补)Weshouldfocusoureffortsoncloninganimalsandstemcellsthatcanbeusedinmedicalresearch.Wecanmakeitbeneficialtomankindinthisway.第四步：句式升级造亮点1．用that引导的定语从句连接句1和句22．用that引导的定语从句连接句5和句63．用不定式作定语改写句84．用only开头的倒装句改写句9Itcanproducevaluabletissuesandorgansthatcanbeusedtosavehumanlives.Weareworriedthatwemayproduceasuperhumanracethatcouldreplaceus.Weshouldfocusoureffortsoncloninganimalsandstemcellstobeusedinmedicalresearch.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeitbeneficialtomankind.第五步：过渡衔接联成篇OnHumanCloningCloningisproducinganexactcopyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.However,humancloninghascausedmuchdebate.Somebelieveitisawonderfulscientificbreakthrough.Itcanproducevaluabletissuesandorgansthatcanbeusedtosavehumanlives.Itisgoodnewsforthosewhocan'thavebabies.However,othersthinkcloninghumansistotallyimmoralandagainstnature.Wehavenorightstoexperimentwithhumans.Ifweinterferewithnature,manyproblemsmayarise.Weareworriedthatwemayproduceasuperhumanracethatcouldreplaceus.Inmyopinion,cloningisreallyawonderfulscientificbreakthrough.Weshouldfocusoureffortsoncloninganimalsandstemcellstobeusedinmedicalresearch.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeitbeneficialtomankind.