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[原文呈现][读文清障]Dickens'LondonDickens'cast①ofcharacterslivedinLondon,thelargestandrichestcityintheworld.Butitswealthwasdistributed②unfairly③amongthepopulation.Everychapter④ofhisnovelsdescribesthesights,sounds,andsmellsofthecity,andprovidesasocialcommentaryofLondonlife.①cast/kɑːst/n.演员阵容，全体演员②distribute/dI'strIbjuːt/v.分发，分配，分送distribute...among/between在……之间分配，给某人发某物③unfairlyadv.不公平地④chapter/'tʃæptə/n.章节SectionⅣOtherPartsoftheModule[原文呈现][读文清障]⑤filthy/'fIlθi/adj.十分肮脏的，污秽的⑥alikeadv.同样地⑦befilledwith(＝befullof)充满⑧sparrow/'spærəʊ/n.麻雀⑨seagull/'siːˌɡʌl/n.海鸥⑩flyinghighabove作后置定语，修饰“麻雀”和“海鸥”。⑪pipe/paIp/n.(通常埋在地下的)管，管子，管道chimneypipes烟囱⑫smog/smɒɡ/n.烟雾Inthemiddleofthe19thcentury,Londonwasafilthy⑤cityforrichandpoorpeoplealike⑥.Althoughoncleardaystheairwasfilledwith⑦sparrows⑧andseagulls⑨flyinghighabove⑩，moreoftenthesmokingchimneypipes⑪createdsmog⑫whichwas[原文呈现][读文清障]sostrongthatitchoked⑬theinhabitants⑭.TheRiverThameswaspolluted,causingdiseaseanddeatheverywhere⑮，andifyoufellin,itwasdangeroustoswallow⑯thewater.⑬choke/tʃəʊk/v.(使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难⑭whichwassostrongthatit...是定语从句，修饰smog。该从句中含有so...that...“如此……以致……”句式，that引导结果状语从句。⑮causingdiseaseanddeatheverywhere作结果状语，表示自然的结果。⑯swallow/'swɒləʊ/v.吞下，咽下(食物或饮料)狄更斯时代的伦敦[第1～2段译文]狄更斯笔下的人物住在伦敦，这是世界上最大最富有的城市，但它的财富分配不公。他的小说的每个章节都描述了这个城市的景象、声音和气息，并对伦敦的生活做出了社会评价。在19世纪中叶，伦敦对富人和穷人来说都是个同样脏乱的城市。尽管在晴朗的天气里会有麻雀和海鸥在高高在天空翱翔，但更多的是烟囱里冒出的浓烟使居民们感到窒息。泰晤士河受到污染，引发各地的疾病和死亡，如果你掉进河里，吞了河水的话是很危险的。[原文呈现][读文清障]⑰rag/ræɡ/n.(一小块)旧布；抹布⑱dustbin/'dʌstbIn/n.垃圾箱，垃圾桶⑲searchfor寻找⑳wherechildren...forfood是非限制性定语从句，修饰district。○21attain/ə'teIn/v.获得，达到○22acceptableadj.可接受的○23standardofliving生活标准TheEastEndwasLondon'spoorestdistrict,wherechildrenworerags⑰forclothesandthewomensearchedindustbins⑱for⑲food⑳.Fewpeoplecouldeverhopetoattain○21anacceptable○22standardofliving○23.Manypeople[原文呈现][读文清障]sufferedfrom○24theeffectsofpoornutrition○25andevenstarvation○26becauseofalackof○27food,yettheirwelfare○28wasofno○29concern○30to○24sufferfrom遭受○25nutrition/njuː'trIʃn/n营养(作用)；滋养○26starvation/stɑː'veIʃn/n.挨饿，饿死○27alackof缺乏○28welfare/'welfeə/n.幸福，福祉；健康○29“beof＋某些抽象名词”表示“具有……特征，特点”。beofimportance＝beimportant重要的beofsignificance＝besignificant重要的○30concern/kən'sɜːn/n.关心，担心○31taxpayer/'tæksˌpeIə/n.纳税人○32compass/'kʌmpəs/n.指南针，罗盘allpointsofthecompass指“世界各地”。○33anchor/'æŋkə/n.锚○34anotherpoordistrict作Southwark的同位语。[原文呈现][读文清障]thetaxpayers○31ofLondon.Shipsfromallpointsofthecompass○32woulddropanchor○33hereatthemainportofLondon.SouthoftheriverliesSouthwark,anotherpoordistrict○34.TheGeorge[原文呈现][读文清障]Inn○35wasabusycoachingstopwithfoodandaccommodationfortravellersleavingLondon,andforcarriers○36takinggoodsintothecity○37.○35inn/In/n.小旅馆○36carrier/'kæriə/n.运输工具○37leavingLondon和takinggoodsintothecity均是现在分词短语作后置定语。[原文呈现][读文清障]ButsomeLondonershadaccumulated○38enormouswealththroughtrade.IntheoldCityofLondonarehoused○39themanybanksandcorporations○40whichDickensmentions○41.Furtherwestandopposite○42SouthwarkstandsSomersetHouse，○43whereDickens'○38accumulate/ə'kjuːmjʊˌleIt/v.积累○39housev．收藏，安置○40corporation/ˌkɔːpə'reIʃn/n.公司，企业○41whichDickensmentions是限制性定语从句。○42oppositeprep.在……对面，句中用了完全倒装。○43whereDickens'fatherworkedforthenavy是非限制性定语从句，修饰SomersetHouse。[原文呈现][读文清障]fatherworkedforthenavy○44.ClosebyaretheLawCourts,wherelawyersandtheirclerks,carryingpiles○45of○46paperwork○47，wouldhurrytothetrials○48.Thereweremanysquaresandgardenswithwaterpumps○49andfountains○50，aswellas○51smartrestaurantsandpubs○52.○44navy/'neIvi/n.海军○45pile/paIl/n.堆，叠，摞○46paperwork/'peIpəˌwɜːk/n.资料，文件○47wherelawyersandtheirclerks...是非限制性定语从句。○48trial/'traIəl/n.审判，审理○49pump/pʌmp/n.泵；抽水机○50fountain/'faʊntIn/n.喷泉；喷水池○51aswellas以及，相当于and,inadditionto。○52pub/pʌb/n.酒馆，酒吧[第3～4段译文]东区是伦敦最贫困的地区，那里的孩子们衣衫褴褛，妇女们在垃圾桶里寻找食物。很少有人会期望达到可以接受的生活标准。由于缺少食物，许多人都受到营养不良的影响甚至饿死，然而伦敦的纳税人却对他们的健康漠不关心。来自世界各地的船只都会在伦敦的主要港口停泊。南华克位于泰晤士河南，是另一个贫民区。乔治旅馆是一个繁忙的客车停靠点，为离开伦敦的游客和运货物到城里的人提供膳宿。但是有些伦敦人却通过贸易积累了大量的财富。在伦敦的老城里聚集着许多狄更斯提到的银行和公司。再往西，南华克的对面是萨默塞特宫，狄更斯的父亲曾在那里为海军工作。旁边是法院，在那里律师和职员们抱着成堆的文件匆匆赶去审理案件。那里有许多广场和花园，有浇水的管子和喷泉，还有精致的餐馆和酒吧。[原文呈现][读文清障]ServantswouldbuyfruitandvegetablesatCoventGardenmarketfortheirrichfamilies,andmaids○53wouldbuybunches○54offlowerstodecoratetheirmistresses'○55rooms.○53maid/meId/n.女仆○54bunch/bʌntʃ/n.一束，一串abunchof一束/串……bunchesof成束的，成串的○55mistress/'mIstrəs/n.女主人[原文呈现][读文清障]TheWestEndisthetheatredistrict○56whereDickensfeltathome○57because,surprisingly○58，hethoughthewouldaccomplish○59morewithhisdramathanwithhisnovels.ItisalsotheLondonofgovernment,wherepoliticians,ministers,ambassadors○60as○56where引导定语从句，修饰thetheatredistrict。○57feelathome感觉自在○58surprisinglyadv.令人吃惊地，作状语。○59accomplish/ə'kʌmplIʃ/v.完成(任务等)，取得(成功)○60ambassador/æm'bæsədə/n.大使[原文呈现][读文清障]○61humble/'hʌmbl/adj.(身份、地位等)低下的，卑微的○62pedestrian/pə'destriən/n.行人○63wherepoliticians...walkedhome...是定语从句，修饰theLondonofgovernment。○64litwithgaslanterns为过去分词短语作后置定语。○65lantern/'læntən/n.灯笼，提灯○66mourn/mɔːn/v.悼念，哀悼，为……哀痛○67passingn．流逝，过去○68which引导的定语从句修饰thesights。wellasmorehumble○61pedestrians○62walkedhome○63atnightthroughstreets○64litwithgaslanterns○65.Londonisverydifferenttoday,andfewpeoplemour