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单元语法归纳与练习一般现在时的被动语态一、含义动词的语态表示主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语中的语态分为主动语态与被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语为谓语动词动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语为谓语动词动作的承受者。二、被动语态的构成主语+be动词+及物动词的过去分词be动词有人称、时态和数的变化。三、使用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。例如:ThisbikeismadeinTianjin.这辆自行车是天津制造的。RiceisgrowninJiangsu.江苏种植水稻。2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。例如:Thousandsoftreeswereplantedinourcitylastyear.去年我市种了成千上万棵树。Theflowersarewateredeveryday.每天给这些花浇水。3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。例如:Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。(强调汉语的使用广泛)Thecomputerisusedwidely.计算机被广泛使用。四、主动语态如何变为被动语态1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其中的谓语动词;2.将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格。3.把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,主格变成宾格,并由by连接。4.谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。Ⅰ.单项选择()1.Teenagershavetobe18yearsoldbeforetheytodriveacar.A.areallowedB.allowedC.willbeallowedD.allow()2.—Waiter,aglassoforangejuice,please.—Sorry.Orangejuiceonlyforbreakfast.A.willserveB.servesC.isservedAC()3.Tosolvethetrafficproblem,moreandmorebridgesacrosstherivereveryyearinChongqing.A.werebuiltB.willbuildC.arebuiltD.arebuilding()4.—Whyareyouleavingyourjob?—Ican’tstanditanylonger.Ialwaystoworkovertime.A.am;askingB.am;askedC.was;askingD.was;askedCB()5.InmanyplacesofChina,theoldover90notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcareBⅡ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空6.English(learn)asaforeignlanguageinmostofChineseschools.7.Computers(notsell)wellinthatshop.8.Threelanguages(speak)inthiscountry.9.Thecarisalways(wash)byMr.Zhanginthemorning.10.IstheGreatWall(visit)bymanypeopleeveryday?islearnedaren’tsoldarespokenwashedvisitedⅢ.句型转换11.ThiskindofmachineismadeinBeijing.(对画线部分提问)thiskindofmachine?12.Thelocalgovernmentorganizesthefilmfestivaleveryautumn.(改为被动语态)(2017上海)Thefilmfestivalbythelocalgovernmenteveryautumn.13.Thetreesarewateredbythemonceaweek.(改为主动语态)thetreesonceaweek.14.Doessheoftenlookaftertheoldwoman?(改为被动语态)theoldwomanoftenafterbyher?15.TeaisgrowninthesouthofChina.(改为一般疑问句)teainthesouthofChina?WhereismadeisorganizedTheywaterIslookedIsgrown