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Unit8Isthereapostofficenearhere?SectionB(2a—SelfCheck)Ⅰ.写出下列单词和短语1.街区;街坊(n.)____________2.花(时间、钱等)(v.)______3.爬(v.)_____4.路(n.)_____5.时常;常常(adv.)_____neighborhoodspendclimbroadoften6.空气(n.)___7.阳光(n.)________8.免费的(adj.)____9.享受(v.)_____10.容易地(adv.)_____11.钱(n.)______12.花时间__________airsunshinefreeenjoyeasilymoneyspendtime13.喜欢阅读____________14.去购物___________15.向左拐________16.在右边___________enjoyreadinggoshoppingturnleftontherightⅡ.根据汉语提示完成句子1.在我家附近街区有一家动物园。________azoo__myneighborhood.2.要到那里,我通常(从家里)走出去,在大桥路向右转。______there,Iusuallywalkoutand_________onBridgeRoad.ThereisinTogetturnright3.当我读书的时候,时间过得飞快!______Ireadbooks,time___________!4.沿着北街走并且向左拐。Justgo_____NorthRoadand_______.5.你可以很容易地到达图书馆。Youcan_____thelibrary_____.Whengoesquicklydownturnleftgettoeasily6.我喜欢在那儿度过周末时光。Iliketo__________there___weekends.spendtimeon考点1spendv.花(时间、钱等)*Iliketospendtimethereonweekends.我喜欢在那度过周末时光。(教材·P47)*Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework.我通常花费一个小时的时间做家庭作业。*We’llspendaweek(in)doingthiswork.我们将花费一个星期的时间做这份工作。【妙辨异同】spend/take/cost/pay的辨析spend主语是人spend...onsth./(in)doingsth.在某方面花时间或钱take常用it作形式主语Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间cost主语是物sth.cost(s)sb.somemoney某物花费某人多少钱pay主语是人sb.pay(s)somemoneyforsth.某人为某物付款*Itusuallytakesmeonehourtocleanmyroom.我通常花费一个小时的时间打扫我的房间。*Thecomputercostsme2thousandyuan.这个电脑花了我两千元。*Shepaid100dollarsforthebike.她花了100美元买了这辆自行车。【图解助记】【即学活用】①(2016·宜昌中考)—Thegovernmentis______plentyofmoneybuildingthecountryside.—We’repleasedwiththegovernment’seffort.世纪金榜导学号38504063A.costingB.payingC.takingD.spending【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。cost,pay,take和spend都有“花费”的意思,cost的主语是物,pay的主语是人,一般结构为payfor,take一般用形式主语it,spend的主语是人,一般结构为“人+spend(time/money)+(in)doingsth./onsth.”。句意:——政府正在花费大量的钱建设乡村。——我们为政府的努力感到高兴。故选D。②Shespendstwodaysonthisbook.(改为同义句)She______twodays_______thisbook.③Ittakesmetwohours______(play)basketballeveryday.spendsreadingtoplay【拓展训练】选词填空spend,pay,cost,take①—Howmuchdoestheticket____?—Twohundredyuan.②Youneedto____15yuanforthebookyesterday.costpay③Itusually_____MrLi20minutestogettoschoolbybike.④MrGreenlikesto______timewithhisfamilyonweekends.takesspend考点2enjoyv.享受;喜爱*It’sveryquietandIenjoyreadingthere.那里非常安静,我喜欢在那里读书。(教材·P47)*Ienjoymilkalot.我非常喜欢牛奶。【自主归纳】enjoy的用法enjoy为及物动词,意为“享受……的乐趣”,enjoy后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。【拓展延伸】enjoy的不同用法(1)enjoysth.表示“享受……的乐趣”。*Sheenjoysmusicverymuch.她非常喜欢音乐。(2)enjoyoneself玩得开心,相当于haveagoodtime或havefun。*Thechildrenenjoythemselvesinthepark.孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。【即学活用】①MyoldneighborCharlesenjoys__________photos.Healwaysgoesoutwithhiscamera.世纪金榜导学号38504064A.takeB.totakeC.takingD.took【解析】选C。考查动词的用法。enjoydoingsth.“喜欢做某事”。故选C。②我们每个星期在公园里玩得很高兴。We_____________intheparkeveryweek.③Sheenjoyed_______(sing).enjoyourselvessinging【备选要点】考点1freeadj.免费的*Thebestthingsinlifearefree.人生中最好的事物是免费的。(教材·P47)*Ihaveafreedayonceaweek.我每周有一天空闲时间。【自主归纳】free的用法(1)作为_______(形容词/副词),意为“免费的”。(2)作为_______(形容词/副词),意为“空闲的”。其反义词为busy。形容词形容词【拓展延伸】free的常用短语:befreetodosth.自由地做某事;随意做某事*You’refreetogoortostay.要走要留悉听尊便。*Sheisfreetogoshopping.她可以随便去逛街。【即学活用】①你下周日有空吗?____you____nextSunday?②今天是您的幸运日。您篮子里所有东西都是免费的。TodayisyourLuckyDay.Everythinginyourbasketis____.Arefreefree③Iamfree______(buy)everythingIwantonmybirthday.tobuy考点2easilyadv.容易地;轻松地*Youcangettothelibraryeasily.你可以很容易地到达图书馆。*Icanfindbookseasilyinthelibrary.在这个图书馆我可以很容易地找到书。【自主归纳】easy与easilyeasy_______(形容词/副词),意为“容易的”,常修饰名词,在句中作定语或表语easily_____(形容词/副词),意为“容易地”,常修饰动词,在句中作状语形容词副词【即学活用】①Whenwemeetwithproblems,weshouldn’tgivethemup_____(easy).②这是一个简单的问题。Thisis_______question.easilyaneasy③(2016·丹东中考)Themathproblemisn’tdifficult,andmostofthestudentscanworkitout______.A.hardlyB.easilyC.simplyD.impossibly【解析】选B。考查副词的辨析。hardly“几乎不”,easily“容易地”,simply“简单地”,impossibly“不可能地”。句意:这道数学题不难,大部分学生都能容易地解答出来。故选B。考点3busyadj.繁忙的;忙的*Iambusyonschooldays.在上学的日子里我非常忙碌。(教材·P48)*Sheisbusywithherhomework.她忙于做家庭作业。*Mysisterisbusypracticingtheguitar.我姐姐忙于练习吉他。【自主归纳】busy的用法busy_______(形容词/动词),意为“繁忙的”。常用结构:①bebusywithsth.忙于某事②bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事。形容词【即学活用】①我的父亲每天忙于工作。Myfatheris_________hisworkeveryday.②Maryisbusy_______(play)basketball.busywithplaying考点4watch...doing...观看……在做……*Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.我喜欢看猴子们到处爬。(教材·P47)*Theoldmanwatchesthechildrenplayingsoccerontheplayground.那个老人看着孩子们在操场上踢足球。【自主归纳】watch作动词,意为“看;观看”,其后既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接动词原形作宾语补足语。【妙辨异同】watchsb.doingsth.与watchsb.dosth.watchsb.doingsth.观看某人正在做某事强调所做的事正在进行中watchsb.dosth.观看某人做某事所做的事为经常发生或已做过的事情*IwatchedWangMingcleaningtheblackboardwhenIpassedtheclassroom.当我经过教室的时候,我看见王明正在擦黑板。*Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaysports.许多人喜欢观看其他人进行体育比赛。【即学活用】①Theboyiswatchingacat________(climb)atalltree.②Iliketowatchothers____(play)soccer.③WhenIpassedtheschool,Iwatchedagirl_______(dance).climbingplaydancing考点5动词不定式作目的状语*Togettothepark,youjusthavetocrossCenterStreet.要去公园的话,你只要穿过中心街就到了。(教材·P47)*Igetupearlytogettoschoolontime.我早起是为了能够按时到校。【自主归纳】动词不定式作目的状语的用法动词不定式作目的状语时,既可置于句首,也可置于句末。置于句首时,需用逗号将其与句子主体部分隔开。【拓展延伸】动词不定式的其他常见用法①作主语。动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语放在句子前面,而将动词不定式短语放在后面。*It’srelaxingtoplaybasketballwithhim.和他一起打篮球令人放松。②作宾语。*Iwanttoplaythepiano.我想弹钢琴。*TheydecidetogotoBeijng.他们决定去北京。③作宾语补足语。*Shetell