战略管理和组织的有效性

2•?•?•?•,?•?1PC1996CompaqWal-Mart2.12.222-12-1AdaptedfromArieY.LewinandCarrollU.Stephens,IndividualPropertiesoftheCEOasDeterminantsofOrganizationDesignunpublishedmanuscript,DukeUniversity1990ArieY.LewinandCarrollU.StephensCEOAttributesasDeterminantsofOrganizationDesign:AnIntegratedModelOrganizationStudies15.NO.2(1994)83212.321••••••32-12-12-1WillamBrattonBrattonBrattonBrattonBratton39%15%42.32.3.152-1Hallmark22KansasCity:PatriciaJonesandLarryKahaner,Sayitandliveit50CorporateMissionStatementsThatHittheMark(NewYork:CurrencyDoubleday,1995).2.3.21.672.Pier1Import5%Pier1NashvillePaulaHankinsEvaGoldyn36%83.4.PepsiCosFritoLay9235.TacomaWashingtonFranciscanHealthSystem106.3M30%117.Rubbermaid19523001980500198875050%Rubbermaid122.3.32-12-11.()1337MirageResorts43%Mirage12%Mirage24142.3M30%3.15Owens-IllinoisOwens-Illinois(MarginalPlant)4.10%8%10%Owens-Illinois30%61%26%162.3.4Datapoint172.415%Porter2.4.1PorterMichaelE.Porter182-2252-2PorterPorterBasedonMichaelE.Porter,CompanyStrategy:TechniquesforAnalyzingIndustriesandCompetitors(NewYork:TheFreePress,1980);MichaelTreacyandFredWiersema,HowMarketLeadersKeepTheirEdge,Fortune,6February1995,88-98;andMichaelA.Hitt,R.DuaneIreland,andRobertE.Hoskission,StrategicManagement(StPaul,Minn.:WestPublishing,1995),100-113.1.CompaqPCCompaq192.Mercedes-BenzMaytagTylenoe3.Porter26Rent-a-CarHertzAvisRent-a-CarRent-a-Car202.4.21BuilttoLast:SuccessfulHabitsofVisionaryCompanies21ReengineeringtheCorporation(GE)JackWelchControlYourDestinyorSomeoneElseWill222-32-21.23PepsiCola243M15%25GerberEastmaKodak26GeorgeFisherKodak27••••••••••••2.Hewlett-PackardDavidPackard27PepsiCo28Johnson&JohnsonWal-Mart3MJohnson&JohasonCredo194429McDonalds3.3031Mobil//324.Ford33282-2342.535363738392-3402-3292.5.1411.42432-312122-3(%)898266656260545150493935AdaptedfromY.K.Shetty,NewLookatCorporateGoals,CaliforniaManagementReview22,No.2(1979),71-79.2.4445302.5.22-31.1)2)3)4)462.GeorgeMasonGeorgeMasonGeorgeMasonGeorgeMason100200029GeorgeMasonGeorgeMason472.5.31.ChrisArgyrisWarrenG.BennisRensisLikertRichardBeckhard4820031491)2)3)4)5)6)7)50WilliamEvan51(I)(T)(O)O/IO/IO/IO/IO/I2.1Chrysler300124245008000175102522.5.4()531.977542-472.32555657SafewaySteveBurd582-41.2.3.4.5.6.7.2.6Porter33341.2.?3.12?4.?5.Porter?6.7.???8.?9.3536