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SectionⅣTheLanguagePointsofReadingforWriting[基础训练]Ⅰ单词拼写1．Thetreefelldownwithagreat________(碰撞).答案：crash答案2．(2018·浙江高考)It'spartlythathiswritingsrodea________(浪潮)ofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.答案：wave答案3．In________(总结),thiswasadisappointingperformance.答案：summary答案4．Thehotelpoolis15metresinl________.答案：length答案5．Myparents'divorcehadabige________onme.答案：effect答案Ⅱ单句语法填空1．Daniels________(sweep)hisarmoverhisfriend'sshoulder.答案：swept答案2．Iusuallyhavefastfood________(deliver)tomyoffice.答案：delivered答案3．Aviolentstorm________(strike)thearea,takingawayhishouse.答案：struck答案4．(2018·江苏高考)Artshaveagraduallyspreading________(effective)．答案：effect答案5．Thisroomistwicethe________(long)ofthekitchen.答案：length答案Ⅲ单句写作1．一场可怕的龙卷风袭击了东南海岸线，扫平了好几个村庄。Aterribletornadohitthesoutheasterncoastline__________________.答案：sweepingawayseveralvillages答案2．一次震级达7.8的强震袭击了青海玉树。Astrongearthquake______________amagnitudeof7.8hitYushu,Qinghai.答案：that/whichreached答案3．她注意到一辆汽车撞到了附近的大树上。Shenoticedacar______________abigtreenearby.答案：crashinto答案4．他的房子位于易受飓风影响的地区。Hishouseislocatedintheareaseasily______________________.答案：affectedbythehurricane答案5．他在等候审判，预计明年初开始。He'sawaitingtrial,____________________tobeginearlynextyear.答案：whichisexpected答案[思维训练]Ⅰ阅读理解SurvivingHurricaneSandy(飓风桑迪)NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavesfromherhouse.“It'stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial，”shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity'sbridgesclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie'sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshighrisebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan'tcontrolwhathappenstome，”Nataliesays,“butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”Natalie'schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepage,matchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedinformationaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectionwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrick'scollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.NataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuchneededsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars(创痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“Ican'timaginelivinganywherebutRockaway，”Nataliedeclares.“Myneighborhoodwillbeback,evenstrongerthanbefore.”篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述了一个女孩在家乡小镇遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量创建了一个信息分享网站来帮助人们重建家园。文章告诉我们：只要尽力，小人物也会有大贡献。1．WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound______.A．somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB．herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC．herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD．theelderlywerefreefromsuffering答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段开头“...theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins”可知，当Natalie回到Rockaway时，发现社区的房子都被毁了，故B项正确。答案2．HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A．Shegavehertoystootherkids.B．Shetookcareofyoungerchildren.C．ShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelp.D．Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform.答案：D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，Natalie创办了一个网站，发布需要帮助的幸存者的信息，从而可以让捐赠者们找到捐赠的对象，由此可知她建立了一个信息分享平台，故D项正确。答案3．Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A．Littlepeoplecanmakeabigdifference.B．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C．Eastorwest,homeisbest.D．Technologyispower.答案：A主旨大意题。从整篇文章可以得知，Natalie虽然年纪不大，但是她在飓风后家乡的重建过程中，创办了一个信息分享平台，为他人提供了巨大的帮助，故A项正确。答案Ⅱ七选五__1__Safetyinthehighwayisnottotallyoutofourhands.Herearefourwayswecanprotectourselveswhenwetravel.__2__Peopleinsmallcarsareinjuredmoreoftenandmoreseverelythanpeopletravellinginlargecars.Factoriesofsmallcarsarestrengtheningtheirproducts'safety,whichhelps.Butthemixoflargecarsandsmallcarsontheroadisthemainreasonoftheproblem.Beingthrownintoglassandmetalcarparts,orbeingthrownfromthecarcanreallyhurtorevenkillyou.__3__Thesafetybelt'smainpurposeistopullyoubackifyourcarhasasuddencrashwithanothervehicleorobject,orifitrollsover.Abeltcanreducethechanceofdeadlyinjuryby45%andthechanceofseriousinjuryby50%.Airbagsareimportant.Morethanhalfofallnewcarssoldhaveairbags.Airbagsprovideprotectioninfrontalcrashes—thetypeofcrashthatkillsthemostdrivers—whentheyarealsowearingsafetybelts.Mostpeoplearedemandingairbagsinthecarstheybuy.__4__Effectiveastheyare,theycan'ttaketheplaceofsafetybelts.Drunkdrivingcrashesarelesslikelytohappenifyoudon'tdrink.__5__Manypeoplehaverealizedthatdrunkdrivingcanleadtodeathandinjury,prisontimeandotherresults.Therearemovementstostrengthenpenalties(处罚)fordrinkinganddriving.A．Howtodrive