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Ⅰ.核心单词(英汉互译)1．Confuciusn．________2．mansionn.____________3．philosophyn.________4．________adj.单独的；个别的n.个人5．heeln.____________________________6．________n.王国；领域7．________adj.最重要的；最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领，酋长孔子公馆；宅第哲学individual足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟kingdomchief8．________adj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近9．________vi.应在(某处)；适应10．currencyn.________________11．militaryadj.________________12．conquervt.________________13．_______n.战役vt.&vi.搏斗nearbybelong通货；货币军事的；军用的占领；控制battleⅡ.拓展单词(根据词义写单词，并牢记拓展单词)1．________n．谜，难题vt.使迷惑→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的→puzzledadj.感到困惑的2．________n．防御；保卫→defendv．保护，保卫→defensiveadj.防御性的3．________adj.合法的→illegaladj.违法的4．________vt.包围→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn．环境5．___________n．证据→evidentadj.明显的puzzledefencelegalsurroundevidence6．___________n．成就→achievevt.完成；达到；取得7．___________n．位置→locatev．把……设置在→locatedadj.位于……的8．___________adj.迷人的→fascinatev．深深吸引→fascinationn．着迷，迷恋achievementlocationfascinatingⅢ.重点短语1．leadto________2．asto________3．_______把……和……连接或联结起来4．________________________脱离；背叛；逃脱5．resultin________6．referto...as...________________7．________属于导致；通向至于；关于join...to...breakaway(fromsb./sth.)导致把……称为……belongto8．________同(一样也)；和；还9．takeover________10．datebackto________11．________________________留心；留意12．addto________aswellas接管追溯到keepyoureyesopen(for)使增加Ⅳ.重点句型1．gettoknow了解________________alittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.了解一点英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。2．过去分词作后置定语Theyusethesameflag,________theUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗，被称为联合王国国旗。Gettingtoknowknownas3．besurprisedtodo...吃惊的……Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwill________________thatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心一下，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。4．theway＋定语从句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage，andchangedtheway________________.他们带来了起初的英语，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。besurprisedtofindpeoplebuilthousesⅠ.根据课文内容选出正确答案1．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．ThehistoryoftheUnitedKingdom.B．ThegeographyoftheUnitedKingdom.C．ThepoliticsoftheUnitedKingdom.D．TheclimateoftheUnitedKingdom.答案：A2．Whathappenedinthe19thcentury?A．ThenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.B．TheScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.C．TheKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.D．ThesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK.答案：C3．Whichofthefollowingisthedifferentareaofthefourcountries?A．Flag.B．Currency.C．Militarydefence.D．Legalsystem.答案：D4．WhoconqueredEnglandafterthewellknownBattleofHastings?A．TheRomans.B．TheAngloSaxons.C．TheNormans.D．TheVikings.答案：C5．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsstudyingthehistory?A．Neutral.B．Indifferent.C．Supportive.D．Doubtful.答案：CⅡ.难句分析译文：首都伦敦是一个非常好的开始参观的地方，__________________________，它的历史可以_________________。因为它是一个古老的港口城市追溯到罗马时期►第一板块：核心单词诠释1．puzzlen．谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑(1)beinapuzzle感到困惑beapuzzletosb.对某人来说是个谜(2)puzzleabout/over苦苦思考(3)puzzledadj.困惑的，迷惑不解的puzzlingadj.令人迷惑不解的①Whatpuzzledmewashowtheaccidentcouldhavehappened.令我感到困惑的是怎么会发生这样的事故。②I'minapuzzleastohowtogetalongwithhim.对于如何和他相处使我感到困惑。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Youmusthavebeentroubledbywhentosay“Iloveyou”becauseitisoneofthegreatest________(puzzle)inourlife.(2)Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzle_____me.(3)Thesescientistshavebeenpuzzling___________howtosolvetheenvironmentalproblem.(4)The________lookonherfacesuggestedshewas________overthe________mathsproblem.(puzzle)puzzlestoabout/overpuzzledpuzzlingpuzzling要点必记：说明：ing形容词常说明事物的性质；ed形容词常说明人的感受或修饰人的表情、声音等。e．g.puzzlingproblems令人迷茫的问题apuzzledlook迷茫的表情2.defencen．防御；保卫(1)indefence(of...)为了保卫(……)(2)defendvt.保护；保卫；为……辩护defend...from/against...防御；保卫……以免受……①Indefenceofourmotherland,alargenumberofpeoplelosttheirlives.为了保卫祖国，许多人失去了生命。②HehasemployedoneoftheUK'stoplawyerstodefendhim.他请了英国一位顶尖律师为他辩护。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Somethinkthatstudentsshouldbetrained________(defend)themselvesagainstsomeattacks.(2)Themonumentisinmemoryofthesoldierswhodiedin________(defend)oftheircountry.(3)Whenadogattackedme,Ipickedupasticktodefend_________(I)．todefenddefencemyself易错提示：defence后接“入侵者”或“造成危害者”时，介词用against；若接“被保护者”，则介词用of。3.surroundvt.围绕；包围(1)surround...with...用……包围……besurroundedwith/by...被……包围/环绕(2)surroundingadj.周围的；附近的(3)surroundingsn.环境；周边事物①Theprofessorlikestosurroundhimselfwithhisstudents.那位教授喜欢和他的学生们在一起。②Thesmallvillageissurroundedwithgreenmountainsandclearrivers,attractingvisitorsfromeverycorner.青山绿水环抱着村寨，吸引着各方来客。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)____________(surround)bytheforest,thevillagelooksverybeautiful.(2)Livinginbeautifulandcomfortable____________(surround),wefeelveryhappy.(3)Theyallwentouttolookforthelostchildinthe____________(surround)villages.[链接写作]完成句子(4)总之，欢迎你来我们学校并希望你能很快适应新环境。Inaword,youarewelcometoourschoolandIhopeyoucan________________________________soon.Surroundedsurroundingssurroundinggetusedtothenewsurroundings易错提示：surroundings作环境讲时一般须用复数，不加s的surrounding是形容词词性。此类用复数的还有：ruins(废墟)，goods(商品)，belongings(财产)congratulations(祝贺)等．4．evidencen．证据；证明(1)Thereissomeevidencethat...有证据证明……(2)evidentadj.明显的，明白的It'sevidentthat...很明显……①Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases.现代科学对于吸烟能导致多种疾病已经给出了明确的证据。②Itisevidentthatthemanishighlythoug