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Unit3SportsandfitnessSectionⅤWriting——个人健康手册[文体指导]本单元的写作项目属于记叙文体类别中的“讲述自身发展变化过程”的记叙文。这类题目要求我们找出自身的问题并描述其状态。然后写出改变的原因及方法。最后表达自己的决心和愿望。一、基本框架1．开头(beginning)——开门见山，指出自己的问题，并描述问题的情况或导致的结果。2．主体(body)——写出想要解决问题的原因及如何解决问题的方法。3．结尾(ending)——结合上文，表达自己的决心和愿望。二、注意事项(1)仔细审题，敲定主题。文章的目的、内容、结构层次以及语言的运用，都要围绕主题进行。(2)根据情景提示和主题，安排文章的结构层次，用每段的首句即主题句来指明段落的中心思想。安排好关键的主题句，就会使中心更加突出，主题清楚。(3)要进行审题，初写时，多模仿句型写简单句，循序渐进，逐渐深化。(4)写作前最好有个简明扼要的提纲，让自己的行文有章可循。审题后要先写出草稿，经过修改之后，再正式成文。[亮点句式]常见精彩开头1．Istarteddoingsth.twoyearsagoandhavebeenaddictedtoit.2．Untillastyear，Iwastryingtodo...3．Ifallinthebadhabitofdoing...threeyearsago.4．UnluckilyIfindIhavebeenaddictedto...5．Ihavebeenannoyedaboutthequestionthat....6．IwasanxiousthatIcouldnotconcentrateon...文章主体部分常用句型1．IwastakenofftheschoolfootballteambecauseIwasunfit.2．Iknowitwastimeforsb.todosth.3．Iprefertodoratherthando...4．Iwoulddosth.insteadofdoingsth.5．IfIfeelnervousorstressed，I'lldosomething...ratherthandosth.6．Ratherthandosth.，Iwouldprefertodosth.结尾段常用句型1．Finally，Istoppeddoingsth....2．AtlastIbecamebothhealthierandhappierbydoing...3．IfIweakenanddosth.，againIwon'tgiveitup.4．I'lltryagain，andIwillsucceedintheend.5．IhopeIwillliveashealthyandhappyalifeastheydo.6．I'mdeterminednottodothethinganylonger.[写作任务]假如你是李华，两年前开始吸烟并上瘾，现在满身烟味发现很难戒掉，直到有一天因为身体不适被学校足球队除名，开始下决心戒烟。方法如下：1．扔掉最后一包烟，列出戒烟的好处；2．随时提醒自己是非吸烟者；3．在紧张或压抑时做放松练习。请你根据上述内容写一篇100词左右的记叙文。要求：1.表达清楚，语言简洁，流畅；2．尽量运用对比等方法进行细节描述，突出人物的变化发展过程。提示词：cigarette香烟nonsmoker非吸烟者[审题谋篇]体裁记叙文时态一般过去时和一般现在时为主主题写人的记叙文人称第一人称结构第一段：指出问题及其状态；第二段：解决问题的原因和方法；第三段：表达作者的决心和愿望。[遣词造句]Ⅰ.精选单词短语1．____停止；戒掉2．________有瘾的，上瘾的3．_______放弃，戒掉4．___________而不是5．______________列表……quitaddictedgiveupratherthanmakealistofⅡ.巧用句式语法(一)完成句子1．Ifind_______________________.我发现戒掉它很难。(it作形式宾语)2．Iknow______________________smoking.我知道是该戒烟了。(It'stimeforsb.todosth.)itdifficulttogiveitupit'stimeformetoquit3．________________________________________，IwillremindmyselfthatI'manonsmoker________________________.每次我想吸烟时就提醒自己是非吸烟者而不是去拿烟(吸)。(everytime用作连词，insteadof)4．IfI____________or________，I'lldosomerelaxationexercisesratherthanreachforacigarette.如果我感觉紧张或压抑时，我会做一些放松练习而不是去抽烟。EverytimeIfeellikesmokingacigaretteinsteadofturningtoitfeelnervousstressed5．I_______Icanlive______________________________othersdo.我真的希望我能和其他人一样过健康和幸福的生活。(强调谓语动词，as...as)dohopeashealthyandhappyalifeas(二)句式升级6．虽然我没有进行过多的运动，我也常常变得气喘吁吁和疲惫不堪。(用evenif/though改写)Although/ThoughIdidn'ttakemuchexercise，Ioftenbecomebreathlessandverytired.→Ioftenbecamebreathlessandverytired______________Ididn'ttakemuchexercise.evenif/though7．我是时候该戒烟了。(用It'shightimethat从句)It'stimeformetogiveupsmoking.→__________________________________8．我一想要吸烟就提醒自己是一位非吸烟者。(用everytime改写)RemindmyselfthatIwasanonsmokerassoonasIwouldliketosmoke.→_________________________________________________________________It'shightimethatIgaveupsmoking.RemindmyselfthatIwasanonsmokereverytimeIfeltlikesmoking.[妙笔成篇]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]Istartedsmokingtwoyearsago，andthenIhadbeenaddictedtoit.MyfriendsandfamilyallthoughtIsmeltterrible，butIfoundithardtogiveitup.IalsonoticedthatIoftenbecamebreathlessandtired，eventhoughIdidn'ttakemuchexercise.Untilonedaylastyear，IwastakenofftheschoolfootballteambecauseIwasunfit，Iknowitwastimeformetoquitsmoking.FirstlyIthrowawaythelastpacketofcigarettesandmadealistofallthebenefitsIwouldgetfromstoppingsmoking.Secondly，remindmyselfthatIwasanonsmokerinsteadofturningtocigaretteseverytimeIfeltlikesmoking.Intheend，ifIfeltnervousorstressed，Iwoulddosomerelaxationexercisesratherthanreachforacigarette.FinallyIstoppedsmoking.NowI'moneofthemembersofourfootballteamagain.Ialsocanfocusonmystudy.IdohopeIcanliveashealthyandhappyalifeasothersdofromnowon.英美欣赏文化【导读】《我的生活》是海伦·凯勒的处女作。作品一发表，立即在美国引起了轰动，被称为“世界文学史上无与伦比的杰作”。本书由海伦·凯勒的《我的生活》《走出黑暗》《老师》三本书以及发表在美国《大西洋月刊》上的著名散文《假如给我三天光明》编译而成，完整系统地介绍了海伦·凯勒丰富、生动、真实而伟大的一生，许多文字还是第一次与中国读者见面。【节选】TheStoryofMyLifeItiswithakindoffearthatIbegintowritethehistoryofmylife.Ihave，asitwere，asuperstitioushesitationinliftingtheveilthatclingsaboutmychildhoodlikeagoldenmist.Thetaskofwritinganautobiographyisadifficultone.WhenItrytoclassifymyearliestimpressions，Ifindthatfactandfancylookalikeacrosstheyearsthatlinkthepastwiththepresent.Thewomanpaintsthechild'sexperiencesinherownfantasy.Afewimpressionsstandoutvividlyfromthefirstyearsofmylife；but“theshadowsoftheprisonhouseareontherest”．Besides，manyofthejoysandsorrowsofchildhoodhavelosttheirpoignancy；andmanyincidentsofvitalimportanceinmyearlyeducationhavebeenforgottenintheexcitementofgreatdiscoveries.Inorder，therefore，nottobetediousIshalltrytopresentinaseriesofsketchesonlytheepisodesthatseemtometobethemostinterestingandimportant.Iwasborn