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SectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructuresGrammar——TagQuestions(附加疑问句)[新知导引]诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1．It'snotarealsport,isit?2．Thatsoundsinteresting,doesn'tit?3．Hi!It'sabeautifulday,isn'tit?4．Comealongandjoinus,willyou?5．Bytheway,ourschoolsoccerteamwonatlast,didn'tthey?[共性呈现]1．所有画线部分都是附加疑问句。2．句1为陈述句为否定句的附加疑问句；3．句2,3,5为陈述句为肯定句的附加疑问句；4．句4为祈使句的附加疑问句。[语法精释]一、附加疑问句的定义附加疑问句，又称反义疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。二、附加疑问句的构成附加疑问句包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。组成例句肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分Youoftenplaybadminton,don'tyou?You'regoingtothegymwithme,aren'tyou？否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分It'snotarealsport,isit?Theycan'tfinishitbyFriday,canthey？含有否定词的陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分Nobodysawhimwalkintotheroom,didthey?You'veneverbeentoParis,haveyou？祈使句＋附加疑问部分Comealongwithme,willyou？/canyou？/won'tyou？/can'tyou?Don'tmakeanynoise,willyou？三、附加疑问句的回答附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似，注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异。如：(1)A：The29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing,weren'tthey?B：Yes,theywere.(Yes,that'sright.)(2)A：MichaelJordanstartedtoplaybasketballincollege,didn'the?B：No,hedidn't.Hefirstplayedinateaminseniorhighschool.(3)A：Davidhasbeentoaboxingmatch,hasn'the?B：No,hehasn't.HealwayswatchesboxingonTV.(4)A：Youcan'tcook,canyou？你不会做饭，是吗？B：Yes,Ican.I'mgoodatcooking.不，我会。我做饭很好。四、变附加疑问句时应注意的问题1．当陈述部分含有seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,nowhere,nothing等否定词或半否定词时，简短问句应用肯定句式。①Sheseldomgoestothecinema,doesshe?她很少去看电影，是吗？②HehasneverbeentoLondon,hashe?他从没去过伦敦，是吗？2．当陈述部分中表示否定意义的词为含有im，in，dis，un等否定前缀或less等否定后缀的词时，应把陈述部分视为肯定句，简短问句要用否定式。①Hewasunsuccessful,wasn'the?他没成功，是吗？②Yourmotherdislikesseeingyouwithme,doesn'tshe?你母亲不喜欢看到你和我在一起，是吗？3．当陈述部分是“therebe＋主语＋其他”结构时，反意疑问部分要用“be＋there”结构。Therearesomeapplesinthebox,aren'tthere?盒子里有些苹果，是吗？4．陈述部分为祈使句时(1)祈使句为肯定形式时，若表示“请求”，简短问句通常用willyou；若表示“邀请，劝说”，简短问句用won'tyou。①Givemeahand,willyou?帮我一把，好吗？(表示“请求”)②Cometohavesupperwithusthisevening,won'tyou?今晚跟我们一起吃饭，好吗？(表示“邀请”)(2)祈使句为否定形式时，简短问句通常用willyou。③Don'tmakesomuchnoise,willyou?别弄出这么多噪音，好吗？(3)如果祈使句以let's开头，简短问句用shallwe；如果祈使句以letus或letme开头，简短问句用willyou。④Let'stryanotherway,shallwe?我们试试别的方法，好吗？⑤Letusknowyouraddress,willyou?请把你的地址告诉我们，好吗？5．陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时(1)一般情况：当陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，简短问句的谓语动词和主语通常和主句中的谓语动词和主语分别保持一致。①TheyknowthatheisfromEngland,don'tthey?他们知道他来自英国，是吗？(2)特殊情况：若陈述部分为：“I/Wethink/believe/suppose/consider/...＋宾语从句”，简短问句的谓语和主语与宾语从句的谓语和主语分别保持一致，且简短问句用否定形式。②Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?我们相信她能做得更好，是吗？(3)若陈述部分为“I/Wedon'tthink/believe/suppose/consider/...＋宾语从句”，简短问句的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致，且简短问句用肯定形式。③Idon'tthinkthatyoucandoit,canyou?我认为这件事你做不了，是吗？④Wedon'tbelievethatthenewsistrue,isit?我们认为消息不实，是吗？(4)若陈述部分为“主语(非第一人称)＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋宾语从句”，简短问句的主语和谓语与主句的主语形式由主句决定。⑤TheyallthinkthatEnglishisveryuseful,don'tthey?他们都认为英语很重要，是吗？⑥Hedoesn'tthinkthatIcanmakeit,doeshe?他认为我办不到，是吗？五、附加疑问句的读法陈述部分一般用降调，而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调，但含义有所不同。通常情况下，用升调时，多表示疑问或请求；用降调时，多表示求证或希望对方同意。如：Theschoolteamhavewonthegoldmedal,haven'tthey?Theschoolteamhavewonthegoldmedal,haven'tthey?加附加疑问句1．Father：Areyoufreeattheweekend,mydeardaughter?Mary：Yes.Whatareyougoingtodo?Father：Let'swatchthefilmTheDayAfterTomorrow,we?Mary：Goodidea.shall2．A：Soyouhaveneverworkedoutinagymbefore,you?B：No,Ihaven't.3．Youdon'ttakepartinamarathonwhenyouareill,you?4．Henrythinksyouarecheatingyourfriends,he?5．Maryneverdoesharmtoothers,she?6．Yoursisterhasgonetothepostoffice,she?7．Youdidn'tfinishyourhomeworkontime,you?8．A：Youwon'tlistentohim,willyou?B：No,I.Idon'tthinkheisright.havedodoesn'tdoeshasn'tdidwon't9．Weforgottobringourtickets,butletusenter,please,?10．A：Jennydoesn'tthinkthesweaterisveryexpensive,?B：I'mafraidnot.11．Itoldthemnoteverybodycouldrunasfastasyoudid,?12．Hewasn'tlateforclass,?13．Hecouldn'tfinishtheworkaheadoftime,?willyoudoesshedidn'tIwashecouldhe14．Therearesomefallenleavesontheground,?15．John,pleasepickupthebookonthefloor,?16．Let'shaveagoodrest,?17．Yourmotherisveryunhappynow,?18．Henevertellalie,?aren'ttherewillyoushallweisn'tshedoeshe