Unit2ExploringEnglishSectionⅢUsingLanguage语言基础自测Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或者首字母提示,写出下列单词1.Youcantakethe(地铁)No.1togetTiananmenSquare.2.Thestoryabouttheirlovehasmanydifferent(版本).3.Theweatheroftodayis(相当;颇)hotcomparedtothistimelastyear.4.Pleasetrytopracticetheabilitytoguesstheworkaccordingtothe(上下文;语境).subwayversionsrathercontext5.Onehadbetterseelifeinitsvariouswhenyoung.6.Pleasecometomyforlunchafterthemeeting.7.Youcantaketherighttothetopofthebuilding.8.Peoplearelivinglonger_________,andtheyarebettereducated.aspectsapartmentelevatornowadaysⅡ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示,写出下列单词1.n.起源,起因→originaladj.最初的,原始的→originatev.创始,起源于2.n.上下文,语境→contextualadj.与上下文有关的3.v.组成→formationn.组成,形成4.traditionn.传统→adj.传统的→adv.根据传统origincontextfromtraditionaltraditionallyⅢ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1.beknown为人所知2.vice反之亦然3.bemadeup由……组成4.bedifferent与……不同byversaoffrom5....forexample以……为例6.youcansee正如你所见7.would宁愿;更喜欢8.pick拾起;捡起;开车接;偶然获得takeasratherupⅣ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1.,wearelowoncashthesedayssowehavenomoretolend.2.Hesomeusefulinformationwhilecommunicatingwithhiscustomer.3.traffic,manynewoverpassesbeingbuiltprovesthecity'sfastchanges.AsyoucanseepickedupTakeforexample4.Hegotherebybusinsuchahotdaythanstayathome.5.Thechangesinthetrafficrulesdonotseemtothepublic.6.Ifyoulosecontrolofyourdrinking,youlosecontrolofyourpartying,.viceversawouldratherbeknownby7.ThemedicalteamtoZanzibarinTanzanianinepeople.8.Whathetoldmeabouttheaccidentyourdescription.wasdifferentfromwasmadeupof[寻规律、巧记忆]方方面面大有不同everyaspectofthesubject学科的每个方面insomerespects在一些方面anexpertinthisfield这方面(领域)的专家AisdifferentfromBA和B不同tellthedifferencesbetweenAandB辨别A和BtellAandBapart辨别A和B核心要点探究bemadeupof由……组成(教材P17)Andsometimesawordismadeupofthefirstlettersofseveralwords...并且有时候一个单词由几个单词的首字母组成……consistof由……组成becomposedof由……组成bemadeof由……材料制成bemadefrom由……材料制成makeup编造;化妆;组成;占比例makeupfor弥补①NewZealandismadeupoftwoislands,thelargerofwhichistheSouthIsland.新西兰主要由两个岛屿组成,其中较大的为南岛。②Thecollectionconsistsof/ismadeupof/iscomposedofthreeparts:poems,essaysandshortstories.这本作品集是由诗、散文和短篇小说三部分合编成的。③Wecameintothisfieldlate,sowemustworkhardtomakeup____thelosttime.我们涉足这一领域较晚,因此我们必须努力工作,把失去的时间补回来。④Futurebuildings,roads,andcitiesmaybemadegarbage.将来的建筑物、公路和城市都可能用垃圾建造。fromfor[名师点津]bemadeupof,becomposedof和consistof都是表示“由……组成”,但是consistof只能用主动,不可用于被动。bemadeof和bemadefrom都表示“由……材料制成”,区别在于后者看不出原材料。wouldrather宁愿;宁可(教材P18)AndtheAmericansfindtheBritishspelling“re”doesnotmatchitspronunciation,sotheywouldratherspell“re”as“er”.并且美国人发现英式拼写“re”和他们的发音不匹配,所以他们宁愿把“re”拼写成“er”。(1)wouldratherdosth.thandosth.=woulddosth.ratherthandosth.=prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿……,也不……(2)wouldrather(not)dosth.宁愿(不)做某事(3)wouldrather+从句did(现在)haddone(过去)(4)ratherthan而不是(5)orrather更确切地说①Tobehonest,IwouldratherhaveaquietnightinfrontoftheTV.老实说,晚上我宁愿安静地看看电视。②I'dratheryouhadn'ttoldhimthenewsthatday.我真希望你那天没有把消息告诉他。③Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthan(run)awayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.解决问题的最好的方法是面对它们而不是逃避它们。running④IthinkIunderstandwhatyouaresaying,rather,Ifeelthetruthofit.我认为我明白了你说的,或者更确切地说,我悟出了其中的真理。or[名师点津]ratherthan常用于平行结构,即前后是相对等的成分。语法专项突破构词法语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟阅读下列句子,并体会黑体部分的用法1.Forexample,inourfreetimewecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting.1.在例句1中的“sculpture”和“painting”都是,是_____“sculpt”和“paint”的,分别加了名词后缀ure和ing。派生词名词动词2.Whilewe'redoingallthistraveling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,butwedon'tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.3.Andspeakingofhome,whyaren'thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?2.在例句2中,“seasick,airsick,carsick以及homesick”都是______加上了形容词后缀sick组成的。3.在例句3中,homework,housework分别是home,house加上work组成的。合成词名词派生词4.Ifharmlessactionsaretheoppositeofharmfulactions,whyareshamelessandshamefulbehaviorsthesame?4.在例句4中“harmless和harmful”以及“shameless和shameful”都是由词性为名词的harm和shame加上了形容词后缀less或ful组成的_______。派生词5.Whenwelookoutofthewindowandseerainorsnow,wecansay“it'sraining”or“it'ssnowing”.6.Whenyouseethecapitalized“WHO”inamedicalreport,doyoureaditasthe“who”in“Who'sthat?”Whatabout“IT”and“US”.5.在例句5中“rain”和“snow”在词性上既可以作也可以作________。6.在例句6中“WHO”“IT”“US”都是,和小写的who,it及us在读音和意义上大不相同。缩略词动词名词语法精要点拨语言的基本要素之一是词汇。在语言发展的最初阶段,人们使用的是少量而简单的词,这些词只表示日常简单的事物和概念,构成语言中最基本的词,称之为基本词或词根。随着社会的发展与进步,有限的原生词已不够用,人们便创造了一些新词来表示新生的事物和概念。英语中构词法可以分为合成法、派生法、转化法、截短法和缩略法。一、合成合成(Compounding):把两个或两个以上的单词合成一个新的单词的构词法。以合成法构成的单词叫作合成词,包括合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词、合成副词等。1.合成名词名词+名词weekend周末名词+动名词handwriting书法名词+介词+名词sisterinlaw嫂子动词+名词typewriter打字机动名词+名词readingroom阅览室动词+and+动词hideandseek捉迷藏游戏现在分词+名词flyingfish飞鱼形容词+名词freshman大一新生副词+动词outlook景色,风光副词+名词evergreen常青树2.合成形容词名词+形容词bloodred血红的名词+现在分词Frenchspeaking讲法语的名词+to+名词onetoone一对一的名词+过去分词manmade人造的数词+名词oneway单行道的数词+名词+形容词threeyearold三岁的数词+名词+edtenstoreyed十层的数词+副词oneoff一次性的形容词+名词highquality高质量的形容词+名词+ednobleminded高尚的形容词+形容词lightgreen浅绿色的形容词+现在分词ordinarylooking相貌一般的副词+形容词evergreen常青的副词+现在分词hardworking辛勤的副词+过去分词wellknown著名的副词+名词fastfood专门提供快餐服务的介词+名词indoor室内的3.合成动词名词+动词sleepwalk梦游形容词+动词whitewash粉刷(墙壁等)4.合成副词形容词+名词hotfoot匆忙地形容词+副词everywhere到处副词+副词however尽管如此介词+名词beforehand事先介词+副词forever永远5.合成代词代词宾格+self/selvesherself她自己物主代词+self/selvesmyself我自己