第八章书面表达要点点拨一、书面表达的概念和分类书面表达也就是作文,是学生综合运用所学知识,正确表达自己观点的方式。书面表达题要求学生用所掌握的词汇、句型、语法等组织语言,写成篇章,是对学生整体语言水平的考查。在解题时,学生要做到细心审题,明确要求,注意单词的拼写和语法的运用,做到语句通顺,层次清楚,誊写工整,卷面整洁。记住工整的书写和整洁的卷面会为作文加分。小学阶段的书面表达的形式分为以下几种:1.命题作文2.文字提示作文3.看图作文4.表格提示作文5.书信作文二、常见书面表达的解题技巧1.命题作文:由于没有具体的限定材料,这种作文容易出现偏题,因此,写作时要仔细审题,确立中心,明确要求。2.文字提示作文:按提示信息整理出要点,可以在顺序上进行重新整合,特别注意不要逐字翻译。3.看图作文:题目会提供一幅或一组有情境,或有线索的图片,还可能在图内或图下配关键的提示词。做看图作文题的时候,要仔细观察图片,所写句子要符合图意;同时如有提示词,则需要将提示词尽量都用上,并注意时态的正确运用。4.表格提示作文:按照表格的提示,用自己熟悉的短语和句型,整理出要点,然后组合成短文。5.书信作文:书信写作的格式是书信作文的一个重要的考核点。同时,书信作文的要求会在题目中给出,并且人名多数时候都是被限定的,在读题的时候,一定要看清楚。考点精析考点1考查命题作文的写作【例1】请以“MyMother”为题,写一篇50词左右的作文。解析:这是学生十分熟悉的题材,以自己的母亲为写作对象,可以写母亲的外貌、性格特点、工作情况、爱好、周末活动等等。选择最能够勾勒母亲形象的信息,写成语意连贯的短文,就是一篇好文章。范文:Mymotherlikessmiling.Sheis40yearsold.Butshelooksyoungerthanherage.Sheisveryactive.Shecanjumprope.Shecankickshuttlecock(踢毽子)well.Sheisgoodatplayingping-pong,too.ButsheisnotaPEteacher.Sheisakindnurse.Sheisalwayshelpfultothepatients.Ontheweekend,sheoftenclimbsmountainswithmyfatherandme.考点2考查图片作文的写作【例2】假设你是Bob,请结合图片写一写你的假期计划,50词左右。解析:本题是多幅图的作文。文字提示要求你以Bob的身份,用所给的图片信息,写出自己的假期安排,所以作文的人称是第一人称。游泳、绘画、看望祖父母和旅游这些活动是可以自行合理安排的,不需要按顺序。另外,题目中的“计划”一词,说明全文的时态要用一般将来时。范文:MynameisBob.I’mastudentofGradeSix.Thissummervacationwillbealongandfreeholiday.I’mexpectingit.Iwillgoswimmingeverymorning.Becauseit’sgoodexercise.I’malsogoingtolearntodrawthreetimesaweek.InAugust,IwilltakeatriptoHangzhouwithmyparents.AndIwillvisitmygrandparentsthere.IthinkIwillhaveagoodtimeinmysummervacation.考点3考查文字提示作文的写作【例3】上周末,虽然你做了很多事情,但是你过得很开心,以下是你做的事情:1.getupandhavebreakfast2.finishmyhomework3.cleanmybedroom4.playchesswithfather5.seeafilmwithLucy请根据上面的内容提示写一篇作文,叙述你上个周末是怎样度过的。解析:对于文字提示作文,要理解清楚提示内容的意思,如上周末,说明全文的时态要用一般过去时。范文:Lastweekend,Ididalotofthings,butIwasveryhappy.Igotupat7:00andhadbreakfastat7:30.Theninthemorning,Ifinishedmyhomework.Afterthat,Icleanedmybedroom.OnSaturdayafternoon,Iplayedchesswithmyfather.Intheevening,Isawafilmwithmygoodfriend,Lucy.Wehadagoodtime.考点4考查表格提示作文与书信作文的写作【例4】假设你叫LiHua,你很想和Lisa成为好朋友,请写一封信向Lisa简单地介绍自己,并表达你想和她成为好朋友的愿望。50词左右,注意书信格式。解析:根据题目可以判断这是LiHua第一次给Lisa写信,表格的内容列举得很详细,合理安排好表格内容,就能写出一篇内容丰富的好作文,同时一定要注意书信的格式。范文:DearLisa,MynameisLiHua.IamaChinesegirl.I’minDongguan,Guangdong.IamastudentinNo.1PrimarySchool.I’minClass4,Grade6.MyfavouritesubjectsareartandEnglish.Ilikeplayingthepipaanddrawing.Icandrawverywell.Doyouhavethesamehobbiesasmine?Iwishwecanbegoodfriends.Writetomesoon!Yours,LiHua____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thisismybedroom.It’ssmallbutnice.Thereisabedintheroom.It’sblue.Apictureisoverthebed.Nearthebedthereisadesk.Ialwaysdomyhomeworkthere.Ilovemybedroomsomuch.过关检测一、请根据下面的要求写作文。1.以“MyBedroom”为题写一篇短文,介绍你的卧室,不少于六句话。MyBedroom2.以“MyFamily”为题写一篇短文,介绍你的一家人,不少于六句话。MyFamily3.以“MyFather”为题写一篇短文,介绍你的父亲,不少于六句话。MyFather_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.Myfather,mymotherandme.Myfatherisadoctor.Mymotherisateacher.Theyarehard-working.Iamahappystudent.Weareahappyfamily.Myfatherisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.Heisaverygooddoctor.Hehelpsthepeoplewhoaresick.Helikeshisjob.Thatmakeshimhappy.4.以“MySchoolLife”为题写一篇短文,介绍你的学校生活,不少于六句话。MySchoolLife____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’mastudentofGradeFive.IstudyinYuyingSchool.Everymorning,Igetupat7:00.ThenIdomorningexercises.Ieatbreakfastat7:50.Ihavefourclassesinthemorning,andtwointheafternoon.Classesareoverat4:30.Thenwecanplaybasketballorplaygamesontheplayground.Thatissofun.Ilikemyschoollife._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.请以“MyFavouriteSeason”为题写一篇短文,描述你最喜欢的季节,不少于五句话。MyFavouriteSeasonIlikeautumnbest.It’salwayscoolandwindyinandautumn.Icanflykitesandhaveapicnic.Inautumn,Icanwearshirtsandjeans.autumnisverygoodforme,becausemybirthdayisinautumn.Icanhaveabirthdaypartyoutsideanddoalotofinterestingthings.Ilikeautumnbest.Whataboutyou?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mymotherisabusdriver.Sheissohard-working.Everymorning,shehastogetupat5:00.Shehassomemilk,breadandaneggforbreakfast.Shegoestoworkat5:30.Shedoesn’thavelunchathome.Shegetshomeat6:00p.m.二、根据下面的提示写作文。1.假设你妈妈是一名公交车司机,她每天五点钟起床,早餐喝牛奶,吃面包和鸡蛋。然后五点半就去上班了。晚上6点才回到家里。根据以上提示,写一篇50词左右的短文。__________