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SectionⅢLesson2&Lesson3[读文清障][原文呈现]①flockto蜂拥而至②latestadj.最新的，最近的③edition/I'dIʃn/n.版本④grandadj.雄伟的，壮丽的AEveryyearthousandsoftouristsflockto①Chinawiththelatest②edition③ofChina's“LonelyPlanet”guidebookintheirhands.Theycometoseethegrand④sightsoftheGreatWallandtheForbidden[读文清障][原文呈现]⑤“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that...”是强调句型，强调thehutongs。⑥leave/makethe...impression(onsb.)(给某人)留下……印象⑦alley/'æli/n.胡同，小巷⑧rectangular/rek'tæŋɡjʊlə/adj.长方形的⑨featuren．特色，特征Citybutoften⑤itisthehutongsthatleavethestrongestimpression⑥，astheyoffertravellersarareviewintoChina'spast.Hutongs—themanylittlealleys⑦thatconnecttherectangular⑧courtyardsoftraditionalhouses—areafeature⑨ofancientChinesearchitectureandarestillfoundintheoldquartersof[读文清障][原文呈现]⑩particularlyadv.特别，尤其⑪cometo达到(认识、理解或相信的程度)⑫morethan后接名词，表示“不仅仅”。⑬referto指的是afewChinesecities.Beijing'shutongsareparticularly⑩famous,however,astherearethousandsofthem.Nowadays,theword“hutong”hascometo⑪meanmorethan⑫justthealleysthatconnectthecourtyards.Italsorefersto⑬thecourtyardsthemselvesandeventothecommunitiesthatlivethere.[读文清障][原文呈现]⑭themajorityof...……的大多数⑮keepcontrolover控制⑯arrangevt.整理，布置⑰attheentrance(s)of在……的入口处BThemajorityof⑭Beijing'shutongswerebuiltbetweenthe13thand19thcenturiesduringtheYuan,MingandQingDynasties.Tohelpthemkeepcontrolover⑮thecity,theEmperorsduringtheseperiodsarranged⑯differentareasofBeijinginneatblocksofhousesbuiltaroundcourtyards.Theywerethenabletoplaceguardsattheentrancesof⑰[读文清障][原文呈现]⑱keepaneyeon照看，留意⑲whichmadeiteasiertokeepaneyeon...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容。在定语从句中，it是形式宾语，比较级easier作宾补，动词不定式短语tokeepaneyeon...是真正的宾语。⑳furtherawayfrom离……较远。further是far的比较级。thevarioushutongs,whichmadeiteasiertokeepaneyeon⑱people'smovements⑲.TheEmperor'shome,theForbiddenCity,wasinthecentreofBeijingandthehomesofthenoblesandwealthycitizenswereinthehutongsclosesttotheroyalpalace.Ordinarycitizenslivedinthehutongsfurtherawayfrom⑳thepalace.A每年成千上万的游客带着最新版《孤独星球》中国旅游指南涌向中国。他们来看长城和故宫的壮丽景色，但常常是那些胡同给他们留下最深的印象，因为透过难得一见的胡同，游客能看到中国的过去。胡同——很多条连接四合院的小巷子——是中国古代建筑的一大特色，今天仍然能在中国少数几个城市的老城角落里见到。然而，北京的胡同格外著名，因为它有数千条。现在，“胡同”这个词不仅仅指连接四合院的小巷子，它还指四合院本身，甚至包括住在四合院里的人们。B北京的胡同大部分建于13至19世纪的元、明、清三个朝代。为了维持对整个城市的统治，那些朝代的皇帝们把北京城的不同地区划分成整整齐齐的四合院院落。他们派士兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们容易监视人们的举动。皇家官邸，即紫禁城，在北京城的正中央，贵族与富豪的府邸位于距离皇宫最近的胡同，普通老百姓住在离皇宫较远的胡同。[读文清障][原文呈现]CByconnectingpeople'shomes,thehutongsinfactconnectedpeople'slives,whetherthelivesoftherich○21or○22thelivesoftheordinarycitizens.Becausethehouseswerebuiltfacingeachotheraroundcourtyards,thefamilieswholivedtherewereanimportantpartofeachother'slives.Theysupportedeach○21therich富人，“the＋adj.”表示一类人。○22whether...or...不管是……还是……[读文清障][原文呈现]otherwhenhelpwasneededandsharedthejoyandsadness○23ofeverydaylife,nodoubtsharingrecipes,borrowingmops,andburningfragrant○24incense○25together.Thechildrenplayedinthecourtyardsandbecauseofthehutongs,courtyardswerejoinedtogetherformilesaroundcreatinganetworkofpeopleworking,playingandlivingtogether○26—arealcommunity.○23sharethejoyandsadness同甘共苦○24fragrant/'freIɡrənt/adj.有香味的○25incensen．香(尤指宗教礼仪用的)○26现在分词短语creatinganetworkofpeople...作结果状语，其中working,playingandlivingtogether又作people的后置定语。[读文清障][原文呈现]DTowardstheendoftheQingDynasty,theconditionsinBeijing'shutongswentdownasthepoliticalsituationcast○27adarkcloudonChina'seconomy○28.Manynewhutongswerequicklybuilttohouse○29theincreasingpopulationbutthesewerepoorly○30made.○27cast/kɑːst/vt.投下castadarkcloudon...在……投下一片阴云○28asthepoliticalsituationcastadarkcloudon...是as引导的原因状语从句。○29housevt.安置○30poorlyadv.糟糕地[读文清障][原文呈现]Theturningpoint○31camewhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawassetup○32.Conditionsimprovedagreatdeal○33andthegovernmentundertook○34thepreservation○35ofmanyoftheoldesthutongs.○31turningpoint转折点○32setup建立(国家、组织、机构等)○33agreatdeal许多，大量agreatdealof后跟不可数名词。○34undertake/ˌʌndə'teIk/vt.着手做，从事○35preservation/ˌprezə'veIʃn/n.维护，保存[读文清障][原文呈现]EHutongsarestillanimportantpartofBeijinglifeanditisnotsurprisingthattouristslovethehutongs.Theycanwalkup○36SanmiaoStreet,whichdatesback○37900years,wanderdownRongxian—thelongesthutongat2kmorsqueeze○38throughQianshi—the○36walkup沿……走up此处意为“沿着(一般指向高处、向上游、向北、向大城市)”。○37dateback(to...)追溯(至……)○38squeeze/skwiːz/vt.挤[读文清障][原文呈现]narrowestatonly40cmwide!Theycanalsostopunderastonearch○39andwatchthehutongworldgoby○40whileenjoyingaplateofBeijing'sbest“PekingDuck”orsatisfying○41theirthirst○42withacoldTsingtaobeer○43.ThehutongsnotonlylinkBeijing'sstreetsandcommunitiesafterall,butalsoitspastandpresent,showingthatBeijingistrulyanancientyetmoderncity○44.○39arch/ɑːtʃ/n.拱顶○40goby经过，过去○41satisfyvt.满足，使满意○42thirst/θɜːst/n.口渴○43whileenjoying...是状语从句的省略。当状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且其谓语部分含有be的某种形式时，可将主语和be动词一起省略。○44showingthat...是现在分词及其后的宾语从句作状语，表示伴随。C胡同不仅使家家户户相通，实际上不管是富人还是普通人，他们的生活都被胡同联系起来了。因为四合院的房子门对门围绕院子四面建成，所以生活在那里的人都成为彼此生活中重要的一部分。他们相互扶持，同甘共苦，更不用说分享菜谱、借用拖把和一起点香了。孩子们在院子里一起玩耍，也正因为有了胡同，方圆好几里的四合院被连接起来，构成了人们一起工作、一起娱乐、一起生活的网络——一个真正的社区。D到了清朝末年，中国的经济受到政治局势的不良影响，北京胡同的状况也每况愈下。为了容纳新增的人口，很多新胡同都是草草建成，质量欠佳。中华人民共和国成立以后情况有了转机，胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。E胡同仍然是北京生活的一个重要的部分，难怪游客们喜爱胡同。他们可以在900年前修建的三庙街散步，或徜徉在最长达两千米的绒线胡同，或侧身挤过最窄处只有40厘米的钱市胡同！他们还可以在石拱门下停留