2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 21 Human Biology Section Ⅰ Wa

美国流行一种立式划桨冲浪，可以在享受这种运动乐趣的同时，享受一般素质训练、强化和放松肌肉，学习平衡亦或划桨的乐趣。PaddleboardingnowisbiggerthaneverPaddleboarding①isnowbecomingmoreandmorepopularintheoutdoorrecreation②industry.Peopleareincreasinglydrawntothesportthatcanbedoneforexerciseandracingorforpaddlingoryogawithfriendsandevendogsaboard.Takingpartin③stand­uppaddleboardingintheUnitedStateshasincreasednearlythreetimesfrom2013to2016,accordingto④astudyfromtheOutdoorFoundation.Thatmakesitoneofthefastest­growingoutdoorsports,thefoundationsays.Thesportiseasytolearnandcanbepracticedallaroundtheworld,saidJimmyBlakeney,marketingmanageratBICSUP,oneoftheleadingcompaniesmakingboards.Andthere'swhatBlakeneycallsthe“coolfactor⑤”thatalsodrawspeople.“You'restandingup⑥，you'reinyourbikini⑦，you'rebeingseen，”Blakeneysaid.“Boardsarecool.Alotofyoungpeoplereallylikebeingonaboardmorethan⑧aboat.”Themodernpaddleboardingoriginated⑨inHawaii,wheresurfersusedpaddlestogetoutfurtherordoexercisewhentherewerenowaves.ThesportslowlyspreadfromHawaiiandhasbeenaroundintheUnitedStatesforabout10years,Blakeneysaid.Growthreallyaccelerated⑩aboutfiveyearsago,headded.TheStandUpPaddleIndustryAssociationwasformedin2012tobringsupportforproducers,sellersandpeoplewhoteach,trainandorganizeraces.KristinThomas,theindustryassociation'sdirector,saidtheversatility⑪oftheboardsisahugedraw.“It'sveryeasytouseandyetcanbeasextremeasyouwantittobe.Peoplearesurfinghugewaves.Theyaredoingwhitewater，”Thomassaid.Mostofthepeoplearerecreationaluserswhousetheboardsabout10timesayear,hesaid.Asmallernumberofpeople,oftenthetypeswhoaredrawntorunning,usetheboardsforexerciseandcompete,Blakeneysaid.[多积词汇]①paddleboarding划桨冲浪②recreationn．娱乐③takepartin参加④accordingto根据⑤factorn．要素⑥standup站立⑦bikinin.比基尼游泳⑧morethan不仅仅是⑨originatev．起源于⑩acceleratev．加速⑪versatilityn．多功能性[读文清障][原文呈现]①contemporaryadj.当代的，同时代的②这是一句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。主句谓语用wouldhavedone形式，if引导的虚拟条件句的谓语用haddone形式。100metresin8seconds?Manycontemporary①amateurathleteswouldhavebrokenworldrecordsiftheyhadtakenpartin②thefirstOlympicGames.Sincethen,SectionⅠWarm­up&Lesson1—Pre­reading[读文清障][原文呈现]③trackandfield田径运动④yearafteryear年复一年⑤slowdown(使)慢下来⑥bestn．最佳状态或作品，最好的东西⑦ceiling在本句中的意思是“上限”。recordshavefallenintrackandfield③yearafteryear④asathleticperformanceshavecontinuallyimproved.Ifrecordsfall,itisusuallyduetobetterequipment,traininganddiet,butrecently,improvementshavebeguntoslowdown⑤.Atthe2000Olympics,onlythreerunnersachievedOlympicbests⑥withnoworldrecords.Someexpertspredictaceiling⑦formanyevents,suchas9.5secondsforthe100metres—MauriceGreene'scurrentrecordis9.79seconds.However,pastpredictionshavenearlyalwaysbeenprovedwrong.[读文清障][原文呈现]⑧breakrecords打破纪录⑨performance­enhancing/pə'fɔːmənsIn'hɑːnsIŋ/adj.增强表现的⑩helpsb.withsth.帮某人某事⑪inthewronghands错误地Whenwetalkaboutbreakingrecords⑧，wecomeacrosstheissueofperformance­enhancing⑨drugs.Thesedrugsareoriginallydevelopedtohelppeoplewithillnesses⑩，butinthewronghands⑪，[读文清障][原文呈现]theycreatesupreme⑫athletesmakingthemfasterandstrongerthanisnormalforhumanbeings.Takingthesedrugs⑬isknownas“doping⑭”andalthoughtheyenhanceperformance,theyalsocauseserioushealthproblems⑮inlaterlifeforthosewhoabuse⑯them.⑫supreme/suː'priːm/adj.(程度)最大的，极度的⑬takingthesedrugs为动名词短语作主语⑭doping/'dəʊpIŋ/n.服兴奋剂⑮causeserioushealthproblems引起严重的健康问题⑯abuse/ə'bjuːs/vt.滥用abuseone'spower滥用权力百米纪录8秒？[第1～3段译文]假如许多当代业余选手参加了第一届奥运会的话，他们就会打破世界纪录。从那时起，由于运动成绩不断提高，田径项目的纪录每年都被刷新。假设新纪录出现，通常是由于设施、训练及饮食得以改善了。但是近来，提高的速度开始慢下来。在2000年奥运会上，只有三名百米短跑运动员获奥运会最佳称号，然而他们却都没能破世界纪录。一些专家为许多项目成绩的上限做出了预测，如百米纪录9.5秒——莫里斯·格林当前纪录则是9.79秒。然而，过去的预测往往总被证实是错误的。谈到破纪录，我们就会碰到服用提高成绩的药物问题。研制这些药物原本是帮助人们解除病痛的，但误用到运动员身上，就会使他们在竞技比赛中超常发挥，变得更快、更强。众所周知，服用这些药就是服用“兴奋剂”。尽管兴奋剂有助于提高成绩，但同时也会给那些滥用兴奋剂的运动员在以后的生活中带来严重的健康问题。[读文清障][原文呈现]⑰tolerate/'tɒləreIt/vt.容忍toleratedoingsth.容忍做某事⑱fundamental/ˌfʌndə'mentl/adj.根本的；基础的⑲becaughtdoingsth.做某事当场被抓⑳句中用了混合虚拟语气，主句与现在事实相反(woulddo)，从句与过去事实相反(haddone)。Thesportsworlddoesnottolerate⑰dopingasitisafundamental⑱formofcheating.BenJohnsonwouldstillbethe100metresworldrecordholderifhehadnotbeencaughttakingdrugs⑲inthe1988Olympics⑳.[读文清障][原文呈现]Otherrecordsremaindoubtful○21，likeFlorenceGriffith's100metresrecordbackin1988.Didshetakedrugs○22？IfAmericanathleteMarionJoneshadn'ttakendrugs,wouldshehavemadeit○23totheOlympicsatall?○21doubtful/'daʊtfl/adj.怀疑的，不肯定的○22takedrugs吸毒；服兴奋剂○23makeit成功[读文清障][原文呈现]○24seek/siːk/vt.寻找○25beyondone'slimits超出极限○26关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰everysport,where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于inwhich。○27annual/'ænjuəl/adj.每年的，一年一次的，年度的Dopingisnotonlyaprobleminathletics,itispartofeverysportwhereathletesseek○24toachievebeyondtheirnaturallimits○25andarepreparedtocheattodoso○26.In2006cyclingfansworldwidewereshockedwhenthewinneroftheannual○27cyclingrace,[读文清障][原文呈现]○28lame/leIm/adj.站不住脚的，不易令人相信的○29makeexcuses找借口○30blamingmedicinehe...aninjury是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰excuses，该结构中又含有一个定语从句(that/which)hehadbeentakingforaninjury，修饰medicine。○31invain/vein/徒然，白费力气theTourdeFrance,wascaughtdoping.FloydLandismadeseverallame○28excuses○29blamingmedicinehehadbeentakingforaninjury○30butthesewereallinvain○31.Hefailedtwodrugtests.[第4～5段译文]由于它是欺骗的基本形式，体育界是不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂的。本·约翰逊如果在1988年奥运会上没