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Therearethousandsofvolcanoesallovertheworld.Whatmakesvolcanoes?Whathappens?Theinsideoftheearthisveryhot.Becauseitisvery,veryhot,therockhasmelted①likeice.Ithasbecomeliquid,likewater.Itisalwaysboiling,likewaterinakettleboiling;youknowthatthesteam②andboilingwatertrytogetout.Theveryhotmeltedrockinsidetheearthalsotriestogetout.Usuallyitcannotbecausetheoutsideoftheearthistoothickandstrong.Butinsomeplacestheoutsideoftheearthisthinandweak.Sometimesacrack③appears.Thehotmeltedrock,whichwecall“lava”④，pushesupthroughthecrackandburststhrough.Steamandgasshootup⑤intotheairandthehotmeltedlavapoursout⑥.Bigpiecesofrockmaybethrownhighintotheair.Afterawhilethevolcanobecomesquietagain.Themeltedlavabecomeshard.Laterthesamethinghappensagainandagain⑦.Eachtimemorehotlavapoursoutontopofthecoldlavaandthenbecomeshard.Inthiswayakindofmountainisbuiltup,withaholedownthemiddle.Perhapsthevolcanowillthenbequietandnomorelavawillburstout⑧.Perhapsitwillstartagainhundredsofyearslater.VesuviusisthenameofaveryfamousvolcanoinItaly.Itfirstcametolifemany,manyyearsago.Itwasquietforhundredsofyears.Thenintheyear79ADitsuddenlyburst.Agreatcloudofsmokeshotupintotheskywithgreatburningrocks,whichfellallaround.Hotlavapoureddownitssides.About3,000peoplewerekilled.[多积词汇]①meltvt.使融化；使熔化n.熔化；熔化物②steamn.蒸汽；水汽③crackvi.破裂；爆裂n.裂缝；声变；噼啪声④lavan.岩浆⑤shootup射出；暴涨；发芽；迅速成长⑥pourout喷发⑦againandagain一次次地，反复地⑧burstout喷发SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Prereading[读文清障][原文呈现]ANEXCITINGJOBIhavethegreatestjobintheworld.Itraveltounusualplacesandworkalongside①peoplefromallovertheworld.Sometimesworkingoutdoors,sometimesinanoffice,sometimesusingscientificequipment②andsometimesmeetinglocalpeople①alongside/əˌlɒŋ'saId/adv.在旁边；沿着边prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边②equipment/I'kwIpmənt/n.[U]设备；装备Ⅰ.Matchthewordwithitsmeaning.1．alongsideA．在旁边；沿着边2．appointB．评估；评价3．evaluateC．波浪；波涛4．waveD．潜在性；可能性；潜能5．equipmentE．任命；委派6．potentialF．设备，装备答案：1～6AEBCFDⅡ.Writedownthemeaningsofphrasesineachsentence.1．Severalexperiencestaughtmenottobeoverlyenthusiasticaboutsharingmylifegoalsanddreamswithtoomanypeople.________________2．Thereisareachofgrasslandinthedistance._______3．Marksaidthathewasnotsuitableforthejob,sohedecidedtoresignfromthecompany._________4．Comparedwithcars,bicycleshavemanyadvantages.____________5．Whentheconcertended,Imademywayoutofthehall.对……充满热情在远处适合……和……比起来前往Ⅰ.Pleasematchthepictureswiththenames.1．Typhoon________2.Volcano________3．Flood________4.Earthquake________5．Drought________答案：1～5AEBCDⅡ.Lookatthepictureandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．Howisavolcanoformed?_______________________________________________________________________.2．Howmanytypesofvolcanoesdoyouknow?__________________________________________3.Whereisthemostpossibleplaceforavolcanotoerupt?______________.Therocksundertheearthbecomehotterandhotteranderuptfromthemountainactivevolcano;extinctvolcano;dormantvolcanoNeartheoceansⅠ.Fast-reading1．Readthetextquicklyandfillintheblanks.Thetextisafirstpersonaccountofavolcanologist’sexperiences.Theauthortalkedabouttheofhiswork,thedamageofthe______________aswellhisfirstexperienceofthevolcaniceruption.importancevolcaniceruption2．Readthetextagainandthenmatchthemainideaofeachpart.Part1:Paras.1～2A．Thereasonswhythewriterisenthusiasticabouthisjob.Part2:Paras.3～4B．Whatthewriter’sjobisandtheimportanceofhisjob.Part3:Para.5C．Thewriter’sexperienceofwatchingthevolcaniceruption.答案：Part1：BPart2：CPart3：AⅡ.Careful-reading1．Readthetextandfillintheblanksinthechart.MyjobWorkasavolcanologistinHawaiiStillenthu-siastic,greatlyinterestedinthe(6)______andpotentialofvolcanoes.Goto(1)________places·Collectingdataforscientiststopredictthepathofthe(2)____·WarningpeopletoleavetheirhousesDangerousMyexperienceofseeingthevolcaniceruption：·(3)_______bed·Strangesound·(4)______bedroom·Eruption·FountainingredhotlavaHelppeopletoavoidthedamageofvolcaniceruptionCloselookatthecrater·Specialclothes·(5)_________suitsunusuallavaShakingBrightProtectivebeauty2.Readthetextandfindoutthereasonsfortheresults.ResultsReasons(1)IenjoydoingmyjobA．Thepeoplelivinginthepathverymuch.ofthelavacanbeinformedtoleavetheirhouses.(2)Idon’tcaremuchaboutB．Therewasavolcaniceruptionthedangerofmyjob.fromthesideofthemountain.(3)WehavesavedmanyC．Weworewhiteprotectivesuits,peopleinHawaii.helmets,bootsandspecialgloves.(4)TheeruptionofavolcanoD．Myworkisgoingtodifferentcauseslessdamagethantheplacesandmeetingdifferentflowinglava.people.(5)ThebedroombecameasE．Dangermakesmefeelbrightasday.excitedandalive.(6)Allofuslookedlikespacemen.F．Noonelivesatthetopofthemountain.(7)IdidnotfollowtheotherG．Iwasnotexperiencedtwoscientiststogodownenough.intothecrater.答案：(1)～(7)DEAFBCGⅢ.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.[句式分析]这是一个主从复合句。现在分词的完成式Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation作时间状语，表明该动作发生在help之前；where...和howfast是两个宾语从句，作predict的宾语，其中howfast是一个省略形式。[尝试翻译]收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将流向何处，流速是多少。2．Thelavathatflowsslowlylikeawavedownthemountaincausesfarmoredamag