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第一课文化与社会第1课时体味文化Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero重点词汇/教材原句/单句语法填空单元重点知识回顾Ⅰ.重点词汇1．meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的vt.意思是；意味着Meansth.打算做某事meansth.意味着；意思是tododoing2．devotevt.献身；专心于adj.忠实的；深爱的devoteoneself(doing)sth.献身于/专心于(做)某事devotesth.sth.把……用于……beto对……专心；专注n.奉献；挚爱devotedtotodevoteddevotion3．foundvt.建立；建设found......把……建立在……上n.创立者foundationn.建设；创立；基础4．votevt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决vote投票支持vote投票反对onfounderforagainst5．attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击n.攻击；进攻；病情发作(可数名词)attack遭到攻击attack空袭aheart心脏病突发6．equaladj.相等的；平等的beequalsth.等于；能应付某事AequalsBsth.A在某方面比得上Bunderairattacktoin7．escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开n.逃脱；逃走escape...从……逃脱；摆脱……aescape死里逃生；九死一生8．begvi.请求；乞求begsb.dosth.乞求某人做某事begsb.sth./begforsth.sb.向某人要某物begsth.请求……；乞讨……fromnarrowtoforfromfor9．educatevt.教育；训练educatesb.dosth.教育某人做某事educateoneself自学；自修adj.受过教育的；有教养的beeducatedacollege接受大学教育；上大学n.教育educationaladj.教育的；有教育意义的n.教育工作者；教育家toeducatedat/ineducationeducator10．rewardn.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏reward(for)＝inreturn(for)作为报答rewardsb.sth.用某物酬谢某人rewardsb.sth./fordoingsth.因某事或做了某事而奖赏某人11．sentencevt.判决；宣判n.句子besentenced被判处……(徒刑)sentencesb.do判决某人接受……的刑罚sentencesb.判处某人死刑inwithfortototodeath12．ofwork失业outof上气不接下气outof失去平衡outof过期outof失去控制outof不可能outof毫无疑问outof够不着outof看不见outbreathbalancedatecontrolthequestionquestionreachsight13．blow爆炸14．loseheart失去信心/勇气loseone'sheart倾心于；爱上learn...heart背诵；牢记putone'sheart专心于全心全意15．cometo当权；上台uptobyintoheartandsoulpower16．setup设立；建立set开始做；着手做set开始着手做；动身去某地set动身去某地；引爆set写下；记下aboutoutoffdown17．introuble处于困难(困境)中havetrouble(in)sth.做某事有麻烦putsb.trouble劳烦某人thetroubledosth.不辞辛劳做某事trouble惹是生非gettrouble遇到麻烦asktrouble自找麻烦18．fight与……作战19．turn求助于；致力于doingtotaketomakeintoforwithtoⅡ.教材原句1．However,onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而，在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。2．thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedawehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。thiswasatimewhenThelastthirtyyearshaveseenstagewhere3．Wefirstbrokethelawwaspeaceful.首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律。4....decidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。5．Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningswhenwe.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上我们本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。inawaywhichonlythendidweshouldhavebeenasleep6．Theywerenotclevererthanme,buttheytheirexams.他们并不比我更聪明，但是确实通过了考试。7．IfeltbadItalkedtoagroup.第一次给旅行团讲解时，我的心情很糟糕。didpassthefirsttimeⅢ.单句语法填空1．Thekindladydevotedallherlifeto____________(help)thosehomelesschildren.2．____________(found)in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.3．Sheisahighly____________(educate)woman,sosheiswellreceivedbythestudents.4．Insteadofusingitatwar,scientistsareturningtoresearchintotheuseofnuclearpowerfor____________(peace)purposes.helpingFoundededucatedpeaceful5．Studentspaymoreattentiontostudyandignorephysicalexercise,butinfactgoodhealthandstudyare____________(equal)important.6．She'shavingalotoftroublewiththenewcomputer,butshedoesn'tknowwhomtoturn____________forhelp.7．As____________matteroffact,businesshascometoastop.8．Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer____________sheneededtodecidewhattodo.equallytoawhere