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SectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePointsⅠ.单词拼写1．Wearegoingto(投票)ontheplan.2．Hecan'tstandthe(不公平)treatment.3．I'dliketothankmyfriend,who'sbeenvery(慷慨的)withhistime.4．Thisbusinesscompanywas(建立)in1724.5．Heexaminedthe(质量)ofthebookscarefully.voteunfairgenerousfoundedquality6．He'stoo(吝啬的)tobuyusameal.7．Einstein'stheoriesformthebasic(原理)ofmodernphysics.8．Therearedifferent(阶段)ofachild'sdevelopment.9．I'dliketobuyyourhouseifyouare(乐意的)tosellit.10．Theenemyplanes(袭击)thecity,causingmanydeaths.meanprinciplesstageswillingattackedⅡ.拓展词汇1．adj.积极的；活跃的→activityn．活动2．n．自我；自身→adj.自私的→adj.无私的；忘我的→adv.无私地；忘我地3．vt.献身；专心于→adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．热爱；投入4．peacen．和平→adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefullyadv.平静地；和平地5．hopev．希望→adj.怀有希望的；希望的6．n．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的7．equalityn．平等；相等→adj.相等的；平等的→equallyadv.同样地；相等地；公平地8．guidev．指导；带领→n．指导；领导activeselfselfishselflessselflesslydevotedevotedpeacefulhopefulviolenceequalguidance[巧记单词]派生词activity→active＋ityselfless→self＋lessunfair→un＋fairpeaceful→peace＋fulⅢ.补全短语1．outwork失业2．asamatterfact事实上3．blow使充气；爆炸4．trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5．turn求助于；致力于6．devoteone'slife献身于ofofupintoto1．[教材原句]However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。[句型点拨]This/Thatis/wasatimewhen...“这是/那是一个……的时期”。[佳句赏析]ThatwasatimewhenIhatedtolearnEnglishgrammars.那段时期我很讨厌学习英语语法。2．[教材原句]Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所颁布的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步。一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。[句型点拨]时间名词作主语；抽象地点名词后接定语从句。[佳句赏析]①ThepastyearshaveseentherapiddevelopmentofChina.过去的几年见证了中国的迅速发展。②Chinahasreachedastagewhereweshareleadingpositionsinmanyfields.中国已经到了这么一个阶段，我们在许多领域处于领头羊的位置。3．[教材原句]...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。[句型点拨]only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。[佳句赏析]OnlythendidIrealizethathowfoolishitwastobreakawayfromallofmyfriends.只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系是多么地傻。1．Andwhatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave？(P33)而且一个伟人具有什么样的品质？★qualityn．质量；品质；性质ofgood/highquality优质的，素质好的ofpoor/badquality劣质的inquality在质量上①Hehasmanygoodqualities,buthisbestqualityishiskindness.他有许多良好的品质，而最好的品质是为人善良。②Moderntechnologygivesusachancetoenjoylifehighquality.现代科技让我们有机会享受高质量的生活。③TheseproductssoldontheInternetwerepoorquality.网上卖的这些东西质量很差。[点津]quality作“质量”时通常用作不可数名词；而作“品质”时多用作可数名词。ofin2．Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.(P33)一位伟人是能够将自己的生命奉献于帮助他人的人。★devotevt.献身；专心于(与介词to连用)(1)devote...to...把……奉献于……devoteoneselfto致力于；献身于(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedtosth./doingsth.专心于；奉献于……(3)devotionn.关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚①Encouragedbysuccess,hebegantodevotemoretimehiswriting.受到成功的鼓励，他开始把更多的时间投入到写作中。②Beforetheexam,Idevotedtopreparingforit.考试之前，我努力做好准备。③Hehasbeendevotedto(benefit)mankind.他一直致力于造福人类。④Thedoghadsuchtoitsmasterthatitwouldnotleavehim.这只狗非常忠诚不愿离开它的主人。myselftobenefitingdevotion3．SadlyIdidnothaveonebecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.(P34)糟糕的是我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，因而我担心会失业。★outofwork失业atwork工作中loseone'swork/job失业(强调动作)outoforder混乱，无秩序；有毛病outofdate过时outofdanger脱离危险outofbreath上气不接下气outofcontrol失去控制①Hisparentsareleadingasimplelife,fortheyhavebeenoutofworkforayear.他的父母生活很简朴，因为他们已经失业一年了。②Whenwork,hedislikestobedisturbed.工作时他不喜欢被打扰。③I(lose)myworklastweekandhe(be)outofworkfortwomonths.上周我失业了，而他已经失业两个月了。④Whentheyreachedthestation,theywere.当他们到达车站时，已经上气不接下气了。atlosthasbeenoutofbreath4．Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.(P34)当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。★votevt.&vi.投票；选举n．投票；选票；表决(1)votesb.(tobe)...选某人当……votetodosth.投票做某事；一致认为做……votefor投票支持……votethrough投票通过voteagainst投票反对……(2)haveavoteon对……进行表决①Weourmonitor.我们选他当班长。②Theyvoted(continue)thestruggle.他们一致决定继续斗争。③Whetheryouvoteortheproposaldoesn'tseemtomatterverymuch.无论你对这项提议投赞成票还是反对票，好像都不是很重要。④Thechairmanaskedustovotetheplan.主席让我们就这项计划投票表决。votedhim(tobe)tocontinueforagainston5．ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.(P34)但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这有助于实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。★equaladj.相等的；平等的；胜任的(1)beequalto胜任；与……相等beequalto...in...与……在……相等beequalwith与……平等(2)equaln.相等的人，同等物bewithoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比；无敌(3)equalvt.比得上，敌得过；与……相等equalsb.in...在……方面比得上某人(4)equallyadv.均等地(5)equalityn.平等①Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.只要细心，任何一个人都能胜任这份工作，你应该尝试一下。②TheybelievethatinthesightofGodtherichareequalthepoor.他们认为在上帝眼里穷人和富人是平等的。③Threeplusfiveeight.三加五等于八。④Menandwomenmustbetreated(equal)ineducationandemployment.在教育和就业方面男女应该得到平等的对待。withequals/isequaltoequally6．EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.(P35)当曼德拉处于困境中时，伊莱亚斯就去看他。★introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中getintotrouble陷入困境；惹麻烦getsb.into/outoftrouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境havetroubleindoingsth./withsth.做某事有困难/麻烦takethetroubletodosth.不怕费事或困难尽力做某事①Ifyougetintotrouble,don'thesitatetoturntome.如果你遇上麻烦，可直接向我求助。②Hisinstanthelp.他的及时帮助使我摆脱了困境。③WhatworriesmealotisthatIamreallycollectinginformationandusinglanguage.让我十分担心的是我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。④Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetaken(help)us.谢谢你不辞劳苦的帮助我们。gotmeoutoftroublehavingtroubleintohelp7．WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeoplee