SectionⅢGrammar—现在完成进行时语法图解探究发现①Well,we'vebeenfindingthebonesoftigersandbearsinthecaves,andwethinktheseweretheirmostdangerousenemies.②Ithasbeenrainingsincelastweek.③Hehasbeenwritinganovel,whichwillbefinishednextmonth.④Hehaswrittenanovel,whichisbeingpreparedtocomeoutnow.⑤Ihavebeenvisitingmyhometownrecently,anditimpressesmedifferentlyeachtime.⑥Ihavevisitedmyhometownrecently,whosechangeshaveleftadeepimpressiononme.⑦Recentlyshehasalwaysbeenhelpingme.⑧Recentlyshehashelpedmealot.[我的发现](1)由句①②③看出现在完成进行时的构成形式为:。(2)比较句③④,强调动作未完成;而强调动作已经结束。(3)比较句⑤⑥,强调动作的重复,可以表示一次性动作。(4)比较句⑦⑧,表示一种感情色彩;则陈述一种事实。have/has+been+doing现在完成进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时现在完成时1.强调持续性表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作,这个动作可能仍将继续进行下去。强调已经发生的动作正在进行或表示动作的反复,常与for,since引出的时间状语连用。Ihavebeensittingherefortheafternoon.我在这坐了一个下午了。He'sbeenwatchingtelevisionallday.他看了一天电视了。一、现在完成进行时的基本用法2.强调重复性(指断断续续,而非一直不停)Theweatherhasbeenchangeablelately;I'vebeenhavingalotofcolds.最近天气变化无常,我时常感冒。3.强调感情色彩(表示强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情)Hehasalwaysbeenstudyinghard.他学习一直很刻苦。Toomuchhasbeenhappeningtoday.今天真是一个多事之日。4.强调刚刚结束(表示从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话时刻,可能刚刚结束的动作)Shehasbeensweepingthestreetallday.Sheistootired.她一整天都在扫大街。她太累了。Wehavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Wedon'twanttowaitanylonger.我们已经等你两个小时了。不想再等了。即时演练1用所给动词的适当形式填空①Thevillagers(work)dayandnightgatheringcropsthesedays.②Hereheis!We(wait)anxiouslyforhimsincelastnight.③Thelittleboyisdirtyalloverbecausehe________________(play)inthemudallthemorning.hasbeenplayinghavebeenworkinghavebeenwaiting1.现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果,而现在完成进行时则更强调动作的延续性。Wehavebeencleaningtheclassroom.我们一直在打扫教室。(强调动作:一直在打扫)Wehavecleanedtheclassroom.我们已经打扫了教室。(强调结果:已经打扫过了)二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别2.现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复,现在完成时一般不表示重复性。IhavebeenmeetingprofessorBrownrecently.我最近频频见到布朗教授。(表示动作的反复)Haveyoumetherlately?最近你见过她吗?(不表示动作的反复)3.现在完成进行时比较生动,有时带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩,而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实,一种影响或结果,平铺直叙,没有什么感情色彩可言。WhathasTombeendoing?Heischangingsogreatly.汤姆一直都在做什么?他变化这么大。(表示惊异)Ihavewaitedforyouforthreehours.我已经等你三个小时了。(说明一个事实)[点津]有些不能用现在进行时的动词,如be,have,like,love,know,see,hear等,同样也不能用现在完成进行时,但可以用于现在完成时。Thepoorwomanhasbeenillforalongtime.那可怜的妇人已经病了好久了。Haveyouseenherparentsthesedays?这些天你看见她的父母了吗?即时演练2用所给动词的适当形式填空①Theprofessor(go)toCambridgeUniversitytomakeaspeech,soyoucan'tfindhimhere.②Myfather(repair)thedestroyedhouseforweeks,butIwonderifhehasfinishedit.③I(look)foryouallmorning.Wherehaveyoubeen?havebeenlookinghasgonehasbeenrepairing[链接高考]单句语法填空1.(2018·11月浙江高考)Caffeine,achemicaltypicallyfoundincoffee,hascausedalotofconcernbecauseitisoneofthefewdrugsthatshowupregularlyinourfoodsupply.Youprobably(use)caffeinesincechildhood.解析:根据下文中的“sincechildhood”可知,此处应用现在完成进行时或现在完成时,故填havebeenusing/haveused。havebeenusing/haveused2.(2016·江苏高考改编)Dashan,who(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstanduptradition.解析:句意:大山数十年来研究学习中国传统喜剧相声,想把它和西方单口相声融会贯通。大山学习相声是从过去持续到现在,并且还会继续下去,故使用现在完成进行时。hasbeenlearning3.(2016·北京高考改编)—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We(wait)hereformorethantwohours.解析:句意:“打扰一下,你们在等着看哪场电影?”“新版《星球大战》。我们已经在这里等了两个多小时了。”根据答语可知,动作发生的时间是当前,而根据时间状语“formorethantwohours”和句意可知,动作到现在还没有结束,还有可能继续下去,故应该使用现在完成进行时。havebeenwaiting4.(2015·福建高考改编)—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand________(write)hisessaythereeversince.解析:句意:“彼得在哪里?我到处都找不到他。”“他早饭后就去图书馆了,之后就一直在那里写他的文章。”根据答语后半句中的时间状语eversince“自那以后”可知,谓语用现在完成进行时。hasbeenwriting5.(2015·陕西高考改编)Marty(work)reallyhardonhisbookandhethinkshe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.解析:句意:马蒂真的一直在努力写书,他认为周五就能完成。work这个动作从过去发生,一直持续到周五,在此期间一直进行,故用现在完成进行时。hasbeenworkingⅠ.单句语法填空1.Hedroppedoutduetohisillness.He____________________(consider)comingbacksincelastyear.2.They___________________(discuss)theproblemwithoutinterruptionforabouttwohours.3.Askhimtohavearestplease.He___________________(sharpen)knivesallthemorning.hasbeensharpeninghasbeenconsideringhavebeendiscussing[演练提能]4.WhenIfirstmetBryanIdidn'tlikehim,butI_____________(change)mymind.5.Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkers____________(repair)oneofthemainpipes.6.—Ohno!We'retoolate.Thetrain________(leave).—That'sOK.We'llcatchthenexttraintoLondon.haslefthavechangedarerepairing7.Don'tdisturbme.I________________thelettersallmorningand___________tensofar.(write)8.—Haveabreak,Amy.You___________________(practice)playingthepianoallthemorning.—OK,Mom.Iwillstopafterthispiece.9.You_________________(study)allday,shallwegooutforawalk?10.It_______________(rain)alldaywithusinlowspirits.hasbeenraininghavebeenwritinghavewrittenhavebeenpracticinghavebeenstudyingⅡ.完成句子1.Hisbrother___________________________________sincehewas10.他弟弟从十岁起就一直收集各种各样的邮票。2.Therepairman__________________________alltheafternoon.一整个下午,这位修理工一直在修车。hasbeenrepairingthecarhasbeencollectingallkindsofstamps3.Therepairman,andyoucanhaveitnow.修理工已修好了你的车,现在你可以把它开走了。4.I'mtiredout.IalltheafternoonandIdon'tseemtohavefinishedanything.我累坏了。一整个下午我都在购物,并且似乎什么都没完成。havebeenshoppinghasrepairedyourcarⅢ.短文改错Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen—foralltheseyear—w