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Inthelaboratory,whenyouarecarryingexperimentsout,youmaygetinjuredwhensomeaccidentshappen,likechemicalburns,gaspoisoning①，etc.Sogivingfirstaidtreatmenttotheinjuredpeoplemayhelp.Now,Iwanttodiscusssomecommoninjuries②andtheirfirsttreatment,sothatyoucanhavesomeideaswhenanaccidenthappens.Chemicalburns：1．Usewateronlyforthefirstaidintreatingchemicalburns.2．Washtheinjuredareawithrunningwaterforatleast10minutes.Thiscanpreventfurtherdamagetotheburnttissue③.HeatBurnsorScalds：1．Toreducethepain,cooltheinjuredareawithlotsofcoldwater.2．Donotapply④anychemical.3．Usedry,sterile(无菌的)gauze(纱布)orlintdressingandthenapplyabandage⑤tocoverthearea.4．Smother(闷死)thefirewithablanketifclothesgetfire⑥.EyeInjury：1．Spraytheirritated(刺激)eyebywaterforseveralminutes.2．Seekmedicaltreatment.SolidorLiquidpoisoning：1．Spit⑦thepoisonoutifthepoisonisstillinthemouth,andwashthemouthwithplentyofwater.2．Ifthepoisonisswallowed⑧，drinkplentyofwaterormilk.Seekmedicaltreatmentatonce.Anywayifyoucarryexperimentsoutcarefully,thechanceofgettingaccidentswouldlower.[多积词汇]①poisoningn．中毒②injuryn.伤害③tissuen.组织④applyvt.涂，敷⑤bandagen.绷带⑥getfire着火⑦spitvt.吐，吐出⑧swallowvt.吞下SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Prereading[原文呈现]FIRSTAID①FORBURNSTheskin②isanessential③partofyourbodyanditslargestorgan④.Youhavethreelayers⑤ofskinwhichactas⑥abarrier⑦againstdisease,poisons⑧andthesun'sharmfulrays⑨.Thefunctions⑩ofyourskinarealsoverycomplex⑪：itkeepsyouwarmorcool⑫；itpreventsyourbodyfromlosing⑬toomuchwater;itiswhereyoufeelcold,heatorpain⑭anditgivesyouyoursenseoftouch⑮.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburneditcanbeveryserious.Firstaidisaveryimportantfirststepinthetreatment⑯ofburns.[读文清障]①firstaid[eId](对伤患者的)急救②skin[skIn]n．皮；皮肤③essential[I'senʃl]adj.最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的④organ['ɔːɡən]n．器官⑤layer['leIə]n．层；层次⑥actas充当；担任⑦barrier['bærIə]n．屏障；障碍(物)⑧poison['pɔIzn]n．毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒⑨ray[reI]n．光线；射线⑩functionn．功能；功效⑪complex['kɒmpleks]adj.复杂的⑫keepsyouwarmorcool为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。⑬prevent...(from)doing...阻止……做……⑭whereyoufeelcold,heatorpain为表语从句。⑮senseoftouch触觉⑯treatmentn.[C，U]治疗；处理；对待[原文呈现]CausesofburnsYoucangetburnedbyavariety⑰ofthings:hotliquids⑱，steam,fire,radiation⑲(bybeingclosetohighheatorfire,etc),thesun,electricityorchemicals.[读文清障]⑰variety[və'raIətI]n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)avarietyof各种各样的⑱liquid['lIkwId]n．液体⑲radiation[ˌreIdI'eIʃn]n．辐射；射线烧伤的急救[第1～2段译文]皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体最大的器官。皮肤有三层，像是三层屏障，可以防病、防毒和抵御有害太阳光线的侵害。皮肤的功能也很复杂：皮肤可以保暖或保持凉爽，阻止体内的水分大量流失。正是皮肤使你感到冷、热或疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，急救是非常重要的第一步。烧伤的原因你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或化学物品。[原文呈现]Typesofburns⑳Therearethreetypesofburns.Burnsarecalledfirst,secondorthirddegreeburns,dependingonwhichlayersoftheskinareburned○21.·FirstdegreeburnsTheseaffectonlythetoplayeroftheskin.Theseburnsarenotseriousandshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwo○22.Examplesincludemild○23sunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan○24，stove○25orironforamoment.[读文清障]⑳burn(s)此处为名词，意为“烧伤”。○21现在分词短语dependingon...作方式状语，其中whichlayersoftheskinareburned是on的宾语。○22withinadayortwo在一两天之内○23mild[maIld]adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildsunburn轻度的晒伤○24pan[pæn]n．平底锅；盘子○25stove[stəʊv]n．炉子；火炉[第3～4段译文]烧伤的种类烧伤有三类。根据皮肤的第几层被烧伤定义为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。一度烧伤这种烧伤只损伤皮肤的表层。这些烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。例如轻度的晒伤和由于短暂接触热锅、炉子或熨斗而导致的烫伤。[原文呈现]SeconddegreeburnsTheseaffectboththetopandthesecondlayeroftheskin.Theseburnsareseriousandtakeafewweekstoheal○26.Examplesincludesevere○27sunburnandburnscausedbyhotliquids○28.·ThirddegreeburnsTheseaffectallthreelayersoftheskinandanytissue○29andorgansundertheskin.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyelectricshocks○30，burningclothes,orseverepetrolfires.Theseburnscauseverysevereinjuriesandthevictimmustgotohospitalatonce.[读文清障]○26heal[hiːl]vi.&vt.(使)康复；(使)化解takeafewweekstoheal需要几周康复/痊愈○27severeadj.十分严重的；极为恶劣的severesunburn严重的晒伤○28过去分词短语causedbyhotliquids作后置定语，修饰burns。○29tissue['tIʃuː]n．(生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸○30electricshock触电；电休克[原文呈现]CharacteristicsofburnsFirstdegreeburns·dry,redandmildlyswollen○31·mildly○31painful·turn○33whitewhenpressed○34Seconddegreeburns·rough○35，redandswollen·blisters○36·watery○37surface·extremelypainful[读文清障]○31swollen['swəʊlən]adj.肿胀的swell[swel]vi.&vt.(swelled,swollen/swelled)(使)膨胀；隆起○32mildly['maIldlI]adv.轻微地；温和地mildly用作程度状语，相当于slightly。○33turnlinkv．使成为；转变成○34whenpressed是省略了主语和be动词的时间状语从句。该句补全为：whentheyarepressed。○35roughadj.粗糙的○36blister['blIstə]n．水泡vi.&vt.(使)起泡○37watery['wɔːtərI]adj.(似)水的[原文呈现]Thirddegreeburns·blackandwhiteandcharred○38·swollen;oftentissueunderthemcanbeseen·littleornopainifnerves○39aredamaged○40；maybepainaroundedgeofinjuredarea.[读文清障]○38char[tʃɑː]vi.烧焦○39nerve[nɜːv]n．神经；胆量○40damagevt.损坏；损伤[第5～7段译文]二度烧伤这种烧伤既损伤了皮肤的表层，又损伤了皮肤的第二层。这类烧伤属于严重的烧伤，需要几周才能痊愈。例如严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。三度烧伤所有三层皮肤以及皮下组织和器官都受到损害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的严重烧伤。这些烧伤都导致严重损伤，受伤者必须立即被送往医院。烧伤的特征一度烧伤•干燥、发红、微肿•微痛•受压时变白二度烧伤•粗糙、发红、肿胀•起水泡•表面有水•极其疼痛三度烧伤•黑、白和焦炭色相间•肿胀，常可看到皮下组织•若损坏了神经，则很少疼痛或没有疼痛，或者在创伤面四周有疼痛感[原文呈现]Firstaidtreatment1Removeclothingusingscissors○41ifnecessary○42unlessitisstuckto○43theburn.Takeoff○44otherclothingandjewellery○45neartheburn.2Cool○46burnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticy○47water.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundergentlyrunningwate