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Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”SectionⅣGrammar同位语从句1．(教材P34)Thethought_____theycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.2．(教材P34)Somepeoplehavetheidea_____youcancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefact_____Canadais5，500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.3．(教材P34)Thegirlsweresurprisedatthefact_____oceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.thatthatthatthat同位语从句是用来解释说明前面名词的内容和实质的从句。它总是跟在某一个名词的后面。同位语从句用于某些名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容，如fact,hope,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,possibility,truth,decision,evidence,opinion,feeling,belief,message,doubt,warning,question,request等，同位语从句对前面的名词起解释说明的作用。常见的后跟同位语从句的名词◆WeareveryexcitedatthenewsthatourChineseathleteswonmanygoldmedals.听到我们中国运动员赢得了许多金牌的消息我们非常激动。◆Thefactthattheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereisincreasingworriesusall.大气中二氧化碳含量上升的事实让我们所有的人都很担心。1．连接词that和whether(1)that◆TomtoldmethenewsthatBenwonthematch.汤姆告诉我一个消息，本赢了比赛。(2)whether◆Ihavenoideawhethertheywillgiveusenoughhelp.我不知道他们能否给我们足够的帮助。◆Thereissomedoubtwhetherhecanadapttowarmdryclimatehere.他能否适应这里温暖干燥的气候还不确定。引导同位语从句的连接词在同位语从句中that,whether不作成分，that只起连接作用，无任何实际意义，不可省略。whether表示“是否”，if不能替换whether。【即时演练1】——根据语境，填入适当的引导词①(2018·天津卷)Thepossibility_____thereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.②(2016·天津卷)Themanagerputforwardasuggestion_____weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.③Hehasn’tmadethedecision________hewillgothere.④We’lldiscusstheproblem________thesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.thatthatwhetherwhether2．连接代词和连接副词连接代词(what,who,which等)和连接副词(when,why,where等)，具有实际意义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分，一般不省略。◆Ihavenoideawhathewillgiveme.我不知道他要给我什么。◆Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.谁将会坐上他的位置这一问题还不确定。◆Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪儿去过暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。◆Wehavenoideawhenshewasborn.我们不知道她什么时候出生的。【即时演练2】——根据语境，填入适当的引导词①Hehadnoidea_____waslikelytohappennext.②Theproblem____wecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve.③Idon’tknowwhentomeetherbecauseIhavenoidea_____shewillbeback.whathowwhen1．意义同位语从句说明前面的名词所表示的具体内容，用连接词引导，不可省略。定语从句是对名词进行修饰和限定，用关系词引导，在句子中充当一定的句子成分，关系词作宾语时可以省略。2．先行词同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词，而定语从句所修饰的词没有限制。同位语从句和定语从句的区别◆Theideathatyoucandothisjobwellwithoutthinkingiswrong.(that引导同位语从句，不作成分，无词义)你能够不思考就做好这份工作的想法是错误的。◆Theideathathegavesurprisesmanypeople.(that引导定语从句并在从句中作gave的宾语)他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。同位语从句用法口诀同位语从句似“定从”，两种句式有异同；从句均在名词后，定“限”同“释”要分清；定从“that”宾可省，同位从句“that”不可省。【即时演练3】——指出下面的句子是定语从句还是同位语从句①ThefactthattheChinesepeopleinventedthecompassisknowntoall.____________②Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.__________③Ihavenoideawhentheywillcome.____________④I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIlivedthere.__________同位语从句定语从句同位语从句定语从句名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)do”的形式。同位语从句中的虚拟语气◆Thesuggestionthateveryone(should)makeeffortstobeautifyourcampusisnecessary.每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是必要的。◆Thecommandergaveanorderthatthetroops(should)advance10miles.司令官下达了命令让军队前进10英里。【即时演练4】——完成句子①所有士兵立刻动身出发的命令是由将军下达的。Theorder_____allthesoldiers_______________atoncewasgivenbythegeneral.②有一项建议是布朗应该离队。Therewasasuggestion_____Brown____________________．thatshouldsetoffthatshouldleavetheteamⅠ用适当的连接词填空1．Youshouldfacethereality_____youprobablywon’tgeteverythingyouwant.2．Weallfeelsorryaboutthenews_____hefailedinthegame.3．Ihavenoidea____willbeinchargeofthecompanywhenthemanagerisaway.4．Wehaven’tsettledthequestion________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.thatthatwhowhether5．We’vejustheardawarningontheradio_____ahurricaneislikelytocome.6．Ihavenoidea____youaresotiredeveryday.7．Ihavenoidea____hegaveupthewellpaidposition.8．Jimhadnoidea____thedogmanagedtocomeoutofthecage.9．Noonecananswerthequestion_____lifewillbelikeinthedistantfuture.10．Thequestion____shouldgoabroadhasn’tbeenansweredyet.thatwhywhyhowwhatwho11．Fathermadeapromise_____ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeabicycle.12．Thesoldiersreceivedanorder_____theyshouldarriveatthetownbeforedawn.13．Severaldayslater,wordcame_____themissingboyhadbeenfound.14．Thereisnoevidence_____Iwaswrong.15．Theyaroseaquestion__________________wecouldgetsomuchmoneywithinthreedays.thatthatthatthatwhere/how/whether16．Thereisnodoubt_____theyarereallyhumanfootprints.17．Thestorygoes_____hefailedinthemathexaminationagain.18．Doyouhaveanyidea_____iswrongwithmycomputer?19．Theteachertoldmethefact_____itwasdeterminationandhardworkthatmadehersuccessful.20．Thereissomedoubt________hewillgiveusahandifweturntohimforhelp.thatthatwhatthatwhetherⅡ语法与写作1．史密斯先生给了我一条建议：去纽约工作。Mr.Smithgavemeapieceofadvice___________________________________．2．我们不能忽视这个事实：有些语言正在逐渐消失。Wecan’tignorethefact________________________________________________．thatIshouldgotothatsomelanguagesaregraduallydisappearingNewYorktowork3．我的妈妈有一个强烈的信念：教育能改变一个人的未来。Mymotherhasastrongbelief___________________________________________．4．我们还没解决这个问题：谁将被派往加拿大参加那个会议。Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestion____________________Canadaforthemeeting.5．我们应该怎样去那里的问题还没决定。Thequestion_______________________hasn’tbeendecided.thateducationcanchangeaperson’sfuturewhowillbesenttohowweshouldgothere6．有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。Thereissomedoubt____________________