Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]WHATCANWEDOABOUTGLOBALWARMING?DearEarthCare,Iamdoingaprojectonbehalfof①myschoolaboutglobalwarming.SometimesIfeelthatindividuals②canhavelittleeffecton③suchhugeenvironmentalproblems.However,Istillthinkpeopleshouldadvocate④improvementsinthewayweuseenergytoday【1】.AsI'mnotsurewheretostartwithmyproject【2】,Iwouldappreciateanysuggestionsyoumayhave.Thankyou!OuyangGuang【1】画线部分为省略that的宾语从句,在宾语从句中“weuseenergytoday”是一个省略了that或inwhich的定语从句,从句修饰先行词theway。【2】As引导原因状语从句,“wheretostartwithmyproject”在此为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式短语”作宾语。DearOuyangGuang,Therearemanypeoplewhohaveacommitment⑤likeyours【3】,buttheydonotbelievetheyhavethepowertodoanythingtoimproveourenvironment【4】.Thatisnottrue.Together,individualscanmakeadifference⑥.Wedonothavetoputupwith⑦pollution⑧.【3】who引导定语从句,修饰先行词manypeople。【4】“theyhavethepowertodoanything...”为省略了连接词that的宾语从句,其中不定式短语“todoanything...”作后置定语,修饰thepower。[再记住]①onbehalf/bI'hɑːf/of代表……一方;作为……的代言人②individual/'IndI'vIdʒʊəl/n.个人;个体adj.单独的;个别的③havelittleeffecton对……几乎没有影响(该短语中effect为不可数名词)④advocate/'ædvəkeIt/vt.拥护;提倡;主张⑤commitment/kə'mItmənt/n.承诺;交托;信奉⑥makeadifference(to...)(对……)有关系,有影响⑦putupwith忍受;容忍⑧pollution/pə'luːʃn/n.污染;弄脏[再翻译]关于全球变暖,我们能做些什么呢?亲爱的“关爱地球”(组织):我正代表我校做一项关于全球变暖的专题研究。有时候我觉得,像这样一个巨大的环境问题,个人是起不了什么作用的。然而,我仍然认为人们应该提倡改进我们现在使用能源的方式。因为我还不确定该从哪里着手我的专题研究,所以我会感激你们所提出的任何建议。谢谢!欧阳光亲爱的欧阳光:有许多人跟你有同感,但是,他们不相信他们有能力为改善我们的环境做些事情。这种想法是不正确的。众人拾柴火焰高。我们不必去忍受污染。[先读通]Thegrowth⑨ofthegreenhousegas,carbondioxideintheairactuallycomesasaresultofmanythingswedoeveryday.Hereareafewsuggestionsonhowtoreduceit.Theyshouldgetyoustartedwithyourproject.1Weusealotofenergyinourhouses.ItisOKtoleaveanelectrical⑩appliance⑪onsolongasyouareusingit【5】—ifnot,turnitoff!Donotbecasual⑫aboutthis.Soifyouarenotusingthelights,theTV,thecomputer,andsoon⑬,turnthemoff.Ifyouarecold,putonmoreclothesinsteadofturninguptheheat.【5】本句为主从复合句,solongas引导条件状语从句,主句中It是形式主语,动词不定式短语“toleave...on”是真正的主语,“leaveanelectricalapplianceon”是“leave+宾语+宾补”结构,副词on作宾补。2Motor⑭vehiclesusealotofenergy—sowalkorrideabikeifyoucan.3Recyclecans⑮,bottles,plasticbagsandnewspapersifcircumstances⑯allowyouto.Ittakesalotofenergytomakethingsfromnewmaterials【6】,so,ifyoucan,buythingsmadefromrecycledmaterials【7】.【6】It在此为形式主语,动词不定式短语“tomakethingsfromnewmaterials”是真正的主语。【7】过去分词短语“madefromrecycledmaterials”为后置定语,修饰things。4Getyourparentstobuythingsthatareeconomical⑰withenergy—thisincludescarsaswellassmallerthingslikefridgesandmicrowaves⑱【8】.5Planttreesinyourgardenoryourschoolyard,astheyabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandrefresh⑲yourspiritwhenyoulookatthem【9】.【8】that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词是things。【9】“astheyabsorbcarbondioxide...atthem”为as引导的原因状语从句,从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句。6Finallyandmostimportantly,beaneducator⑳.Talkwithyourfamilyandfriendsaboutglobalwarmingandtellthemwhatyouhavelearned.Remember—yourcontribution○21counts○22!EarthCare[再记住]⑨growth/grəʊθ/n.增长;生长⑩electrical/I'lektrIkl/adj.电的;与电有关的⑪appliance/ə'plaIəns/n.用具;工具;器具⑫casual/'kæʒʊəl/adj.随便的;漫不经心的;偶然的becasualabout...对……漫不经心⑬andsoon等等⑭motor/'məʊtə/n.发动机⑮can/kæn/n.容器;罐头⑯circumstance/'sɜːkəmstəns/n.环境;状况⑰economical/'iːkə'nɒmIkl/adj.节约的;经济的economicadj.经济上的;经济学的economicsn.经济学⑱microwave/'maIkrəweIv/n.微波炉;微波⑲refresh/rI'freʃ/vt.使恢复;使振作⑳educator/'edʒʊkeItə/n.教育工作者;教育家○21contribution/'kɒntrI'bjuːʃn/n.贡献makecontributionsto对……做贡献○22countvi.重要【核心素养链接·文化采风】低碳生活(lowcarbonliving),就是指生活时要尽力减少所消耗的能量,特别是二氧化碳的排放量,从而减少对大气的污染。低碳生活既是一种生活方式,同时也是一种生活理念,更是一种可持续发展的环保责任。低碳生活,从我做起:•拒绝塑料袋•巧用废旧品•远离一次性•提倡水循环•出行少开车•用电节约化•办公无纸化•购物需谨慎•植物常点缀•争做志愿者[再翻译]空气中温室气体(即二氧化碳)的增加的确起因于我们每天做的许多事情。有几条关于如何减少空气中二氧化碳含量的建议。这些建议应该能够使你开始你的专题研究。1在室内我们会用大量的能源。只要你在使用电器设备,你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉!不要对此漫不经心。因此,如果你不用电灯、电视、电脑等,就把它们关掉。如果你觉得冷,就多穿点衣服吧,而不要把暖气调高。2机动车耗费大量的能源。因此,如果你可以,就步行或骑自行车吧。3如果情况允许的话,把易拉罐、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。用新材料制造物品需要大量的能源,因此,如果你可以,就买那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。4让你的父母去买那些能节省能源的产品吧,包括汽车和像冰箱、微波炉这样较小的东西。5在你的花园或校园里栽种树木,因为它们能吸收空气中的二氧化碳,当你看到它们的时候你会觉得精神振奋。6最后也是最重要的,要教育他人。和你的家人、朋友谈一谈全球变暖,并把你学到的东西告诉他们。记住,你的贡献很重要!“关爱地球”(组织)通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Ⅰ.Matchthepurposewitheachletter.1.ThefirstletterA.toseekadvicefromEarthCare2.ThesecondletterB.tooffersuggestionstoOuyangGuang答案:1.A2.BⅡ.Readthelettersandchoosethebestanswers.1.WhichistrueaboutOuyangGuanginLetter1?A.Hethinksindividualshavegreateffectonenvironmentalproblems.B.Heisconfidentaboutwheretostartwiththeprojectonglobalwarming.C.Hethinkspeopleshouldimprovethewayofusingenergy.D.Heisaloneindoingtheprojectaboutglobalwarming.答案:C2.WhichistherightsuggestiongivenbyEarthCareinLetter2?A.It'sOKtoleaveelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareathome.B.Walkorrideabikewhenpossible.C.Recyclecans,bottles,plasticbagsunderanycircumstances.D.Persuadeyourparentstobuythingseconomicalwithenergyexceptcars.答案:BⅢ.Readthetextandfillintheblanks.OuyangGuang·Individualscanhavelittleeffecton1.___________problems.·Peopleshouldadvocate2.___________inthewayweuseenergy.EarthCareviews·Individualscan3.___________adifferencetoourenvironment.·Thegrowthofthe4.___________gas,carbondioxideintheairresultsfromourdailybehaviour.environmentalimprovementsmakegreenhouseEarthCaresuggestions