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Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage语言基础自测Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Heatgradually(破坏)vitaminC.2．Wefollowedhis(足迹)throughthesnow.3．Hisparentsandhislittlebrotherlosttheirlivesinthe(灾难)．4．Thereporter'swordshave(使震惊)allofthescientists.5．Theybuiltarough(庇护处)frompiecesofoldwood.shelterdestroystracksdisastershocked6．Itwasquiteanwhenawomanfirstbecameprimeminister.7．Ourcountryisadeveloping．8．Evenifoftenhappeninthatcountry，theyseldomcauseseriousdamages.9．Theydon'thaveenough，sothevillagersgotobedearly.10．Luckily，thelittlegirlwasbyakindheartedman.rescuedeventnationearthquakeselectricityⅡ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．usen．用途vt.使用→usefuladj.有用的；有益的→adj.无用的；无效的；无益的2．vt.损害；伤害→injuryn．(身体上的)伤，损害→injuredadj.受伤的3．vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭→destructionn．破坏；毁坏destroyuselessinjure4．vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n．震惊；打击；休克→shockedadj.震惊的5．n．民族；国家；国民→nationaladj.国内的；国家的；国立的nationshock[寻规律、巧记忆]n.＋less→adj.n.＋“al”→adj.hopeless没有希望的homeless无家可归的helpless无助的agricultural农业的musical音乐的educational教育的Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1．right立刻；马上2．ruins严重受损；破败不堪3．anend终结；结束4．cut横穿，横跨5．if仿佛；好像asawayinatacross6．soon在……之后不久7．dig掘出；发现8．agreatnumber许多；大量的ofafteroutⅣ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Hebehavednothinghadhappened.2．MyholidayisandImustgobacktoworktomorrow.3．Hewasfromunderthesnow.4．soldiersweresenttoguardthebuilding.5．Mickwantstoseeyouinhisoffice．rightawayasifatanenddugoutAnumberof[寻规律、巧记忆]prep.＋冠词＋名词→介词in＋n.→介词短语ataloss困惑bytheway顺便说下ontheair正在传播inpeace和平insilence默不出声inturn依次Ⅴ.经典句式必背1．Inthefarmyards，thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。[记句式结构]too...to...结构[仿写促落实]Thehatislargewear.这顶帽子太大，没法戴。totoo2．Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！仿佛到了世界末日！[记句式结构]asif引导状语从句[仿写促落实]Shelookssheweretenyearsyounger.她看起来好像年轻了10岁。asif3．Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。[记句式结构]leavesb.＋宾补．..使某人处于……。[仿写促落实]Whatyousaid．你说的话使我们陷入沉思。leftuslostinthought4．①Onethirdofthenationfeltit.全国三分之一的地方都有震感。②Allofthecity'shospitals，75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。[记句式结构]“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语[仿写促落实]Aboutonethirdofthebooksworthreading.这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。are5．Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。[记句式结构]all...not＝notall...，为部分否定。[仿写促落实]peoplecanunderstandwhatyousay.＝peoplecanunderstandwhatyousay.并不是所有人都能理解你说的话。notNotallAll核心要点探究burstvi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发(教材P26)Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。(1)burstoutcrying/laughingburstintotears/laughter突然哭起来/笑起来burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支(2)burstin/into闯进；突然破门而入①TherewasaburstoflaughterintheroomwhenIpassedby.我经过时，房间里传来一阵笑声。②Onhearingthenews，Maryburstinto(laugh)whileLucyburstoutcrying.一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。③Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstjoy.我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。withlaughter[图形助记]爆裂突然(大笑……)冲，闯进，突然出现[语境助记]Withaburstoflaughter，WangXifengburstintotheroom，whoseflatteringwordsmadeMrs.Jiaburstwithjoy.随着一阵笑声，王熙凤一阵风似地走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。atanend结束，终结(教材P26)Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！(1)attheendof在……末端bytheendof到……为止(用于完成时)intheend最后；终于(2)bringsth.toanendputanendto(使)结束；终结cometoanend结束①ThemeetingwasnearlyatendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.当我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。②We(learn)2，000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.到上个学期为止，我们已经学了2000个英文单词。③He(become)anoutstandingdoctorintheend.他最终成为一名出色的医生。becameanhadlearnedruinn．废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产(教材P26)Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦陷在一片废墟中。(1)be/lieinruins成为废墟；毁灭fallintoruin成为废墟；毁了(2)ruinone'shope/chance使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruinoneself自我毁灭①Thatmistakeruinedhischanceofgettingthejob.那个错误使他失去了得到那份工作的机会。②Theancienttemplehasfallenruinsandneedsrepairing.这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。intoinjurevt.损害；伤害(教材P26)Twothirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。(1)injuredadj.受伤的；受委屈的theinjured伤员(作主语时，谓语用复数)(2)injuryn.伤；伤口；伤害doaninjurytosb.伤害某人①Jackinjuredhislegwhenhewasplayingbasketballyesterday.昨天杰克打篮球时把腿弄伤了。②Whenwegotonthespotoftheaccident，weweretoldthat_______________hadbeensenttothenearesthospital.当我们到达事故现场时，我们被告知伤员已经被送往最近的医院。③Ifyoutryandliftthatsuitcaseyou'lldoyourselfan_________(injure)．如果你试图提起那只箱子，你就要受伤了。injurytheinjured[明辨异同]wound/injure/hurt/harm指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战斗中受伤。“损害；受伤”，指由于意外或事故而受伤，着重指容貌、机能的损坏。指肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害。也可为“疼痛；痛苦；伤心”。指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。常用短语doharmto意为“对……有害”。(wound/injure/hurt/harm)④hesoldierwasinthearminthewar.⑤Shewasslightlyinanaccidentduringthework.⑥Iwasverymuchathiswords.⑦Thisbrightlightwilldogreattoyoureyes.harmwoundedinjuredhurt[语境助记]Inthecrashhewasseriouslyinjured，andhesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarms.在碰撞中他受伤很严重，头上和胳膊上都有很重的伤。shockvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n．休克；打击；震惊(教材P26)Peoplewereshocked.人们震惊了。(1)beashockto...使……吃惊(2)shockedadj.震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by对……吃惊beshockedtodosth.做某事很吃惊(3)shockingadj.令人震惊的①Itwasquiteashocktoseemyfaceonthatscreen!从那个屏幕上看到我的脸，真让人惊愕不已！②Rescueworkerswere(shock)bywhattheysaw.救援人员被眼前的景象惊呆了。shocked[语境助记]PeoplewereshockedtoseethattheUFOwasflyingoverthecity.Theshockingnewsshockedallthepeoplearound，whichwasalsoagreatshocktopeoplealloverthecountry.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。(教材P26)Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.一些救援人员和医