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语法图解SectionⅣGrammar&Writing单元语法——虚拟语气(Ⅰ)①IfIwereyou,Ishouldtrymybesttogotocollege.②WereIyou,Ishouldtrymybesttogotocollege.③Ifhehadgonetothepartylastnight,everythingwouldhavechanged.④Hadhegonetothepartylastnight,everythingwouldhavechanged.⑤Ifitweretobesunnytomorrow,wewouldgooutforapicnic.⑥Wereittobesunnytomorrow,wewouldgooutforapicnic.探究发现[我的发现](1)①②句表示与事实相反的假设。(2)③④句表示与事实相反的假设。(3)⑤⑥句表示与事实相反的假设。(4)句①②，③④，⑤⑥句的句意分别相同吗？。(5)句②④⑥共同的特点是：后的倒装句。现在过去将来相同省略if一、非真实(虚拟)条件句中的虚拟语气1．与现在事实相反条件从句主句did(be多用were，非正式文体中也可用was)would/should/could/might＋动词原形IfIwereyou,Ishouldacceptthejob.如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。IfIhadtime,Iwouldgothere.如果我有空，我就去那儿。2．与过去事实相反条件从句主句haddonewould/should/could/might＋havedoneIfyouhadcomeearlier,youcould/wouldhavemettheprofessor.如果你早点来，你就会见到那位教授了。Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyouyourbook.如果他昨天见到你，他就会还给你书的。3．与将来事实相反条件从句主句did/shoulddo/weretodowould/should/could/might＋动词原形Ifhisflightshouldbedelayed/weretobedelayed/weredelayed,wewouldfailtomeethim.万一他的航班被延误了，我们就接不到他了。Iftheseicebergsshouldmeltatthesametime,wewoulddrown.如果这些冰山同时融化的话，我们就都被淹死了。[即时演练1](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①Thewaiterwouldserveyoumorequicklyifyou(speak)tohimmorepolitely.②Doyouthinkhe(lend)mehiscomputerifIaskedhimnicely?③Iftheyreallywantedtoseethehousenow,I(have)togetthepermissionoftheowner.spokewouldlendwouldhave(2)单句改错①IwouldaskGeorgetolendusmoneyifIknowhim.②Ifyouaskedmeyesterday,Icouldhavetoldyou.③Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butithadrainedallday.④IfIknewGerman,Iwouldhavereadthenewspapertoyou.know→knewasked前加had去掉rained前的had去掉have(3)一句多译如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。①Ifyou,everythingwouldbeallright.②Ifyou,everythingwouldbeallright.③Ifyou,everythingwouldbeallright.succeededshouldsucceedweretosucceed二、非真实(虚拟)条件句的倒装if虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时，可把if省略，而把were,had,should放在主语前，构成倒装结构。WereIyou(IfIwereyou),Iwouldaccepthersuggestion.如果我是你，我就会接受她的建议。HadIhadtime(IfIhadhadtime),Iwouldhavegoneandhelpedhim.如果我有时间，我就会帮助他了。Shouldhecome(Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.万一他来，告诉他给我打电话。[名师点津](1)若虚拟条件句为否定句，否定词not不提前。HadInotbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartintheparade.如果那天没生病，我会去参加游行的。(2)Ifitweren'tfor.../Ifithadn'tbeenfor...相当于butfor...，意为“多亏了……，要不是……”。Ifithadn'tbeenforyouradvice,Ishouldhavefailed.＝Butforyouradvice,Ishouldhavefailed.要不是你的忠告，我会失败的。[即时演练2]句型转换①IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.→again,Iwouldstudyharder.②Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.→,youwouldcatchthebus.③Ifitshouldrainthisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.→thisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.WereIatschoolHadyoucomeearlierShoulditrain单元写作——道歉信[写作技法指导]道歉信是因过失或疏忽做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后为了给对方赔礼道歉而写的信件。其结构为：道歉信表明写作意图，对某事表示歉意说明道歉的具体原因再次表明歉意，请求谅解，并提出补救措施积“黄金”词句，写高分文章开头常用语1．Iamwritingthislettertoapologizetoyoufor...2．Iamwritingtoexpress/conveymydeepestapologytoyou.主体部分常用语1．IregrettoinformyouthatIcannot/amunableto...2．Iamsorryformynotbeingableto...duetothefactthat...3．Irememberweplannedto...butnowbecause...Icannot...withyouasplanned.4．Muchtomyregret,Iwasunableto...andIwishthatmyapologycouldhelptosomeextent.5．Imustapologizeforanyinconvenienceitmayhavecausedyou.结尾常用语1．Onceagain,I'msorryforanyinconveniencecaused.2．Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositionandacceptmyapologies.3．Pleaseacceptmysincereapologyfor...oncemore.4．Isincerelyhopethatyouwillkindlyacceptmyapologies.[三步写作规范][题目要求](全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．表示歉意；2．说明原因；3．另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：搜索词汇1．去书店2．向某人道歉3．参加4．英语辩论大赛5．对……方便gotothebookstoremakeanapologytosb.takepartintheEnglishdebatecompetitionbeconvenientfor第二步：由词造句1．我们计划这个星期六去书店。①WethisSaturday.②WethisSaturday.2．正因为如此，我写信是想表达我真诚的歉意。①Becauseofthis,I'mwriting.②Becauseofthis,I'mwritingtoyou.plannedtogotothebookstoreweregoingtogotothebookstoretoapologizetoyousincerelytoexpressmyheartfeltapology3．我被选出来代表我们学校参加英语辩论大赛，你知道这对我来说是非常重要的。①I'mchosentorepresentourschooltotakepartintheEnglishdebatecompetition,which,youknow.②I'mchosentorepresentourschooltotakepartintheEnglishdebatecompetition,which,youknow.4．如果我们这个星期天去书店你方便吗？①ifwegotothebookstorethisSunday?②ifwegotothebookstorethisSunday?isveryimportanttomeisofgreatimportancetomeWillyoubefreeWoulditbeconvenientforyou第三步：联句成篇DearBob，Howareyoudoing?WeplannedtogotothebookstorethisSaturday.Unfortunately,Ican'tmakeit.Becauseofthis,I'mwritingtoexpressmyheartfeltapologytoyou.HowIwishIcouldgowithyou!However,I'mchosentorepresentourschooltotakepartintheEnglishdebatecompetition,which,youknowisofgreatimportancetome,forIhavebeendreamingofhavingachancelikethistoimprovemyspokenEnglish.WoulditbeconvenientforyouifwegotothebookstorethisSunday?I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua[课时跟踪检测]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．—Imissedthetrainyesterday.—Why？Ifyou(get)upearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthetrain.2．Sheisbusylookingforajob.Ifshe(have)time,shewouldcertainlycallonyou.3．Ifhehadn'tworkedhardinhisteenage,he(notsucceed)now.hadgothadwouldn'tsucceed4．—Whatwouldyoudoifit(rain)tomorrow?—Wehavetocarryitonsincewe'vegoteverythingready.5．IfIhadtimethisevening,I(go)toyourbirthdayparty.6．Maryisilltoday.Ifshe(be)notill,shewouldn'tbeabsentfro