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SectionⅢGrammar—动词ing形式的被动式语法图解探究发现用所给词的适当形式填空1．IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlike__________(keep)waiting,soeventhoughIdidn'thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.2．Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhale(attack)byapackofaboutsixotherkillers.3．badly(wound),thewhalesoondied.4．FromJames'sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedof_______________(abandon)byus.beingkeptbeingattackedBeingwoundedbeingabandoned[我的发现](1)以上各题皆用了动词ing形式的语态。(2)动词ing形式的被动结构为：；此结构可在句中充当宾语(如句1、4)、(如句2、5)和状语(如句3)等。5．Whenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesfirmly____(hold)inthewaterbyOldTom.beingheldbeingdone被动宾语补足语一、动词ing形式的被动式的构成名称形式意义主动doing表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行一般式被动beingdone表示一个被动的动作正在进行，或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生主动havingdone表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成式被动havingbeendone表示一个被动动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成Idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinpublic.我不喜欢当众被别人嘲笑。Havingbeenshowntothelabs,weweretakentovisitthelibrary.被带着看完实验室后，我们又被带着参观了图书馆。即时演练1单句语法填空①Istillremember(take)totheGreatWallandwhatIsawthere.②Thebuilding(repair)nowisourlibrary.③(tell)thenews,hefeltsoastonished.beingtakenbeingrepairedHavingbeentold二、动词ing形式的被动式的用法动词ing形式的被动形式，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，但不能作谓语。1．作主语此时谓语动词多用单数形式；作主语的动名词的被动式前可加上自身的逻辑主语。有时可用it作形式主语。Notbeingallowedtogooutmadehimveryangry.不让他出去，他非常生气。It'sfunbeingtakentothezoo.有人带着去动物园很有趣。2．作宾语可接动名词的被动式作宾语的动词有admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,deny,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,mention,mind,practise,risk,remember,forget等。Shedoesn'trememberhavingeverbeengivenachancetogoabroad.她不记得曾被给过出国的机会。[点津]很多动词短语，尤其是以“to”结尾的短语也是用动词ing形式作宾语。如：giveup,setabout,keepon,insiston,putoff,lookforwardto,contributeto,payattentionto,devote...to,getdownto,leadto,stickto等。Heinsistedonbeinggiventhehardesttask.他坚持要求派给他最艰难的任务。Heislookingforwardtobeingpraisedbyhisparentsbecauseofhisrecentgoodresults.他一直盼望着被他的父母表扬，因为他近来成绩不错。3．作表语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验，或说明主语的内容。Herregretisbeingabandonedbyhim.她遗憾的是被他抛弃。4．作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行。常用在“感官动词(see,notice,find,lookat,watch,hear等)＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，当感官动词用于被动语态时，宾语补足语会变为主语补足语。Asweenteredthevillage,wesawmanynewhousesbeingbuilt.我们进入村庄时，看见很多新房子正在被修建。IheardthissongbeingsunginEnglishthen.那时，我听过有人在用英语唱这首歌。5．作定语只作后置定语，表示动作正在进行或状态长久的特点。需要注意的是现在分词的完成被动式不能作定语。Thequestionsbeingdiscussedareofgreatimportance.正在讨论的问题很重要。Themuseumbeingrepairedwillbereopenedtovisitorsnextyear.正在维修的博物馆将从明年开始对游客开放。[点津]beingdone,tobedone与done作定语的区别：beingdone表示被动的、正在进行的动作；tobedone表示未来的动作；done表示被动完成的动作。Theproblemtobediscussed(＝whichwillbediscussed)atthemeetingisveryimportant.会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。Theproblemdiscussed(＝whichwasdiscussed)atthemeetingisveryimportant.会上讨论过的问题非常重要。Theproblembeingdiscussed(＝whichisbeingdiscussed)atthemeetingisveryimportant.会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。6．作状语可表示条件、原因、时间、伴随、让步等。现在分词动作发生在谓语动作之前时，现在分词多用完成式；其他情况下，现在分词通常用一般式。Beingrepaired,mycarcan'tbeusednow.我的车正在修理中，所以现在无法使用。Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldyouletitslipaway?被给了这样一个好机会，你怎能轻易放过？即时演练22－1.单句语法填空①(tell)manytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.②Theyoungmancameinquietlywithout_____________(notice)．Havingbeentoldbeingnoticed2－2.句型转换③Becausehehadbeenaskedtostay,hecouldn'tverywellleave.→tostay,hecouldn'tverywellleave.④Doyouknowwhatthebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltisusedfor?→Doyouknowwhatthebuildingisusedfor?Havingbeenaskedbeingbuilt三、使用动词ing形式的被动式应注意的几个问题1．need等词后的非谓语动词一些动词如：need,want(需要),require,deserve等后的动词ing形式的主动语态表示被动意义，也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。Theblackboardneedscleaning.＝Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.黑板需要擦干净。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.＝Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.那个破窗户需要修理。另外注意beworth及beworthy的用法：beworth后常跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。Theproblemisworthdiscussing.＝Theproblemisworthyofbeingdiscussed.＝Theproblemisworthytobediscussed.这个问题值得讨论。2．动词ing的被动式的否定形式动词ing的被动式的否定形式为：notbeingdone和nothavingbeendone。Hewasunhappyfornothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty.没有被邀请参加聚会，他感到很不高兴。3．动词ing形式被动式的复合结构当动词ing形式被动式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动词ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格(整个复合结构不作主语时，可用人称代词宾语代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格)。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是动词ing形式的逻辑主语。Iamverypleasedatyou/yourhavingbeenhonouredwithamedal.我很高兴你能荣获一枚奖牌。LiPing'sbeingadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversitymadeherfamilyfeelveryhappy.李萍被清华大学录取了，这使她的家人非常高兴。即时演练33－1.单句语法填空①Theroadiscoveredwithsomefallentreesandtheyneed_____________________(remove)immediately.②Whatworriedthechildmostwashis(not,allow)tovisithismotherinthehospital.removing/toberemovednotbeingallowed3－2.完成句子③Imagineonanislandalone.想象一下你被独自留在一个岛上。④Iheardoftobethecoachoftheteam.我听说他被选为球队的教练了。you/yourbeinglefthishavingbeenchosen[链接高考]单句语法填空1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Yetinsteadof(discourage)bymyslowprogress,Iwasexcited.2.(2015·浙江高考改编)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit(perform)liveisquiteanother.beingdiscouragedbeingperformed3.(2014·北京高考改编)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout(recognize)．beingrecognized4．(2014·江苏高考改编)Thelecture(give),alivelyquestionandanswersessionfollowed.5．(江苏高考改编)Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeand(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewlook.6．(重庆高考改编)(ask)toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.havingbeengivenbeingreducedHavingbeenasked[演练提能]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Don'tbeangrywithmefor(not,invite)totheparty.2．(protect)bythepoliceman,thegirlfeltshewasquitesafe.3．(give)suchagoodchance,youmightasw