2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 The secret of success Secti

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Unit3ThesecretofsuccessSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints核心要点探究improvementn.改进;改善(教材P33)Ihavebeenmayorforthreeyears,andIhavemademanyimprovementsforthepeopleofthecity.我当市长三年了,使这个市的市民生活大有改善。Yourworkshowsconsiderableimprovement.你的工作显示出相当大的改进。Thenewfactorybroughtahugeimprovementinworkingconditions.新工厂在工作条件上有了很大的提高。beanimprovementon/upon/over比……好;比……有改进makeanimprovement改进improvev.改进;提高improveon/upon改进;做得比……更好improvein在……方面有改进Theseresultsareadistinctimprovementonlastyear's.这些结果跟去年的相比有明显的提高。Hemadeasteadyimprovementandwasreleasedwithin10daysofadmission.他的病情稳步好转,入院后不到10天就获准出院了。用improvement的适当形式填空①Ithinkthatisabigtoshowthatwecanevenmore.②Therehavebeenmanyintheformofcars.③Thequalityofserviceinthisrestauranthasalot.【答案】①improvement;improve②improvements③improved(教材P34)Hespentmuchofhischildhoodwithhisgrandfatherandfather,whowerebothengineers.他的童年时代的大多数时光是与爷爷和父亲一起度过的,他们两位都是工程师。【要点提炼】who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词hisgrandfatherandfather。非限制性定语从句仅对所修饰的先行词或整个主句作补充说明。若省略掉从句,句子意思完整、明确,与先行词或主句之间用逗号隔开。在非限制性定语从句中指代“物”时要用which作关系代词;指代全句时,用which或as;指代人时用who,非限制性定语从句不可用that。Theywereinvitedtothestatebanquet,whichwasagreathonourtothem.他们被请去赴国宴,这对他们来说是极大的荣耀。LiMingislate,asisoftenthecase.李明迟到了,这事是经常发生的。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的几点区别区别一:形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。区别二:功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整。区别三:含义不同比较下面的两个句子:Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.我有一个姐姐,她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)区别四:先行词不同限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是短语或句子。区别五:关系词不同关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句;另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时可以省略,而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.进行体育锻炼的人更长寿。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。(若把从句去掉句子意义仍然完整)Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.他改变了主意,这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)用适当的关系词填空①Herfather,hasalotofmoney,wisheshertostudyabroad.②Peterdrovetoofast,wasdangerous.③David,youknow,isaphotographer.【答案】①who②which③asresignv.辞职,把……托交(给)……;委托(教材P34)In1961,Sinclairresignedfromhisjobandfoundedhisowncompany,producingpocket­sizedradios.在1961年,辛科莱辞职并成立了自己的公司,生产袖珍收音机。Manderresignedfromoffice.曼德辞职了。Hewasforcedtoresignduetoillhealth.他因健康状况不佳被迫辞职。resignfrom从……辞职resignas辞去……职位resign...to...把……托付给resignoneselfto听任(某种影响);只好(做某事)Heresignedaschairman.他辞去了主席一职。Iresignmychildrentoyourcare.我把孩子们委托你来照顾。Iresignedmyselftoalongwaitinline.我顺从地在长队中等候。完成句子①那位部长辞去了政府职务。Theministerthegovernment.②你们得耐心地多等一会儿。Youmustwaitingabitlonger.③你为什么想辞去秘书的职务?Whydoyouwanttoyourpositionsecretary?④她委托一位邻居照顾她的儿子。Shethecareofaneighbor.【答案】①resignedfrom②resignyourselvesto③resign;as④resignedhersonto(教材P34)However,themanprovidingthemoneytostartthecompanypulledoutoftheprojectatthelastminute,andSinclairhadtogetajobasatechnicaleditortosupporthimself.然而,出钱创办公司的人在最后一刻撤资,辛科莱不得不找了一份技术编辑的工作来养活自己。(1)pullout退出;脱离Jimsawthatthefirmwasgoingtoberuined,sohepulledout.吉姆看到公司即将垮台,于是就退了出来。Thegeneralpulledhistroopsoutofthearea.将军把他的部队从那个地区撤了出来。pullin(车)进站;停站;(船)靠岸pullthrough脱离危险期;恢复健康pullon(用拉的方式)穿上(衣服、袜子等);戴上pulloff脱下;取下Theshippulledintotheshoreatmidnight.那船半夜时靠岸。Shepulledoffherraincoatbeforeenteringtheroom.她进屋前先脱掉雨衣。完成句子①他们在那个问题上陷得太深,难以自拔。Theyweresodeeplyinvolvedinthematterthattheyfoundithardto.②他的手套太紧,很不容易戴上。Theglovesaretootightforhimtowithease.③他在医院会很快康复的。He'llsooninthehospital.【答案】①pullout②pullon③pullthrough(2)thelastminute(重大事情发生前的)最后一刻,紧要关头Hecancelledhisbookingatthelastminute.他在最后一刻取消了预定。Idon'tthinktheyaregoingtopulloutofthedealatthelastminute.我认为他们不会在最后一分钟退出这笔交易。atthelastminute/moment在最后一刻;在紧要关头;在危急时刻inaminute马上;立刻;不久totheminute准时;一分不差;恰好uptotheminute最新(式)的theminute(that)一……(就);当……(即)Hecaughthistrainatthelastmoment.他在最后一刻赶上了火车。Dinnerwillbereadyinaminute.饭马上就要好了。完成句子④他在最后一刻失去了勇气。Hiscouragefailedhim.⑤火车在9时零5分准时到达。Thetrainarrivedat9:05.⑥我一看到那个演员就认出他了。IrecognizedtheactorIsawhim.【答案】④atthelastminute/moment⑤totheminute⑥theminute(that)(教材P34)Whenhiscompanyfinallybeganproductionandputoutadvertisementsforhisradio,demandwashighandthebusinesssimplytookoff.当他的公司最终开始生产,并贴出收音机广告时,需求巨大,生意快速取得了成功。(1)putout公布;广播;出版;伸手;熄灭ThismagazineisputouteveryFriday.这份杂志每星期五出版。Sheputoutallthelightsbeforegoingtobed.她在睡觉前关掉全部的灯。putaway把……收起来,存钱putdown写下,扑灭,镇压puttogether组装;汇集putup张贴,建立,提高putoff推迟;拖延Shewashedthecupsandputthemaway.她洗完杯子后便把它们收了起来。TheydecidedtoputthemeetingoffuntilafterChristmas.他们决定把会议推迟到圣诞节以后。完成句子①政府将于明天发布一项新声明。Thegovernmentwillanewstatementtomorrow.②我搞不清如何把这张桌子拼装起来。Ican'tworkouthowtothistable.③我们最好在这儿贴一张通知。We'dbetteranoticehere.【答案】①putout②put;together③putup(2)takeoff快速成功;突然流行;移开;脱下;动身;起飞Thistypeofmobilephonehasreallytakenoffrecently.最近这种移动电话真的很受欢迎。Takeyourcoatoff.脱下你的外套吧。takeon承担;呈现;雇用takeover接管;接任takeup拿起;开始从事;占用takein领会;吸收takeapart拆开Heisalwaysreadytotakeonheavyresponsibilities.他一向乐于挑重担。Iwon'ttakeupmuchofyourtime.我不会占用你很多时间。用适当的介词或副词填空④Ican'ttakemyboots;they'resotight!⑤It'seasytotakeawatchbutdifficulttoputitagain.⑥Hetookthetelephonereceiverandbegantodial.⑦Thelecturerhadthefeelingthatagooddealofwhathesaidhadnotbeentakenbythestudents.【答案】④off⑤apart;together⑥up⑦in(教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