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SectionⅣGrammarUnit3LifeinthefutureWorriedHitLeft过去分词作状语1．(教材P17)__________(worry)aboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.2．(教材P18)__________(hit)byalackoffreshair,myheadached.3．(教材P21)__________(leave)aloneonadesertisland,I’dpractiseswimmingsothatIcouldescape.Translatedabsorbed4．(教材P21)__________(translate)intoEnglish,itshouldsellverywell.5．(教材P22)Istaredatthemovingmodelofthewastemachine,__________(absorb)byitsefficiency.过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词作状语的类型1．过去分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,until”等，使其时间意义更明确。◆Lookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful.＝Whenitislookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful.当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。◆Askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.＝Whenhewasaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。2．过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since,because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。◆Worriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays.＝BecauseIwasworriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays.由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。3．过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。◆Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.＝Iftheyaregrowninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。◆Givenafewminutes,I’llfinishthereport.＝IfIamgivenafewminutes,I’llfinishthereport.再给几分钟的时间，我就会完成这个报告。4．过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。◆Encouragedbyhisparents，hestillhasnoconfidenceinovercomingthedifficulties.＝Thoughhewasencouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinovercomingthedifficulties.尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服困难。◆Invitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.＝ThoughIwasinvitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.即使被他邀请，我也不会参加聚会的。5．过去分词作方式/伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。◆Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse.＝Thepatientgotoffthebed,andhewassupportedbythenurse.那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。◆Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved.＝Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved.她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。值得注意的是，有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)。◆Lostinthought,hedidn’thearthebell.由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。【典例】(2018·北京卷)Ordinarysoap，____________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.[解析]句意：普通的香皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系，故填过去分词used。[答案]used过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别[助记]分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用ing，被动用ed。◆Usedforalongtime，thebooklooksold.（动宾关系）由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。◆Usingthebook，Ifinditveryuseful.（主谓关系）在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。◆Seenfromthetopofthehighbuilding，theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.（动宾关系）从高层建筑物看，公园看上去更漂亮了。◆Seeingfromthetopofthehighbuilding，Ifindtheparkevenmorebeautiful.（主谓关系）从高层建筑物看，我觉得公园更漂亮了。【典例】(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent，waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.______[解析]主语Everyone与wait为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，因此将wait改成waiting。[答案]wait→waitingGuideddefeateddesertedⅠ单句语法填空1．__________(guide)byanartist,thegirlmadegreatprogress.2．Though__________(defeat)manytimes,themandidn’tloseheart.3．Though__________(desert)byhisparentswhenhewasachild,hewasoptimisticaboutthefuture.WorriedlostresultingdealtPressedrealizing4．__________(worry)abouttheirchildren’ssafety,parentstogetherwiththeteacherswentintothemountainsinsearchofthe__________(lose)students.5．Misunderstandings__________(result)fromlackofsocialcommunication,unless__________(deal)withproperly,mayleadtoseriousproblems.6．__________(press)fromhisparents,and__________(realize)thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingcomputergames.PraisedheldConvincedInspired7．__________(praise)bytheheadteacher,Amywasexcitedallday.8．Theartfestival__________(hold)yesterdaywasverysuccessful.9．__________(convince)thattheywerebadpeople,thelittlegirlrefusedtoansweranyquestions.10．__________(inspire)bywhathesaid,Idecidedtosettletheproblemonmyown.examinedCompared11．Completely__________(examine)bythedoctors,Mr.Leewentbacktoworkrightnow.12．__________(compare)withthetraditionaltrademode,onlineshoppingismoreconvenientandflexible.Tiring→TiredExhausting→Exhaustedasking→askedⅡ单句改错1．Tiringandhungry,theoldmanfelltotheground.________________________2．Exhaustingbythelongjourney,thekidssoonfellasleep.________________________3．Whenaskingwhyheleftthecompany,Benmadenoanswer.________________________Building→Builtfalling→fallendisappointing→disappointedgiving→givensetting→set4．Buildingin1910,thebridgeisoveronehundredyearsold.________________________5．Unfortunately,afallingtreecutofftheonlyroadtothetown.________________________6．Theboydidn’tfindthebookandleftthelibrarydisappointing.________________________7．TheconcertgivingbythesingerfromTaiwanwasagreatsuccess.________________________8．Wehavealreadyreachedthegoalsettingatthebeginningofthisyear.________________________SeenfromthehillWhenaskedⅢ句型转换1．Whenitisseenfromthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.________________,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.2．Whenhewasaskedabouttheaccident,Mr.Blackburstintotears.________________abouttheaccident,Mr.