Period3LearningaboutLanguageⅠ.单词拼写1.Thewholemealwasgoodbutthewinein________(特别的)wasexcellent.2.Onthis________(时机)weweresittinginaparkinMadrid.3.Mysistertriedtokeephermonthly_______(预算)below$400.4.Theboysamusedthemselvesby________(滑行)downtherope.5.Shewasconsideredoneofthebest________(女演员)inLondon.【答案】1.particular2.occasion3.budget4.sliding5.actressesⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空,并说明其在句中充当的成分1.Noonewaseverboredwatchinghim—hissubtleactingmadeeverything________(entertain).()2.Hewalkedaroundstifflycarryinga________(walk)stick.()3.Theactingisso________(convince)thatitmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthebestmealshehasevertasted.()【答案】1.entertaining;宾语补足语2.walking;定语3.convincing;表语1.particularadj.特殊的;特别的n.细节;细目Ihavenothingparticulartodothisevening,solet’sgooutforawalk.今晚我没有什么特别的事要做,咱们出去散散步吧!Shelovesthesonginparticular,becausehermotherusedtosingit.她特别喜欢这首歌,因为她妈妈过去经常唱。inparticular特别,尤其(=especially)beparticularabout/over对……挑剔particularlyadv.特殊地,特别地particular侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性,强调特殊场合下的特殊情况special普通用词,指不同于一般,与众不同,着重事物的专门性,突出与一般不同especial和special含义很接近,较正式,但侧重有特殊的意义或重要性用particular,especial或special的适当形式填空①Onthat_______day,thedoorwasopened.②Youneeda_______tooltofinishthetask.③Collectingstampsishis_________hobby.④Ihatehomework,_________history.⑤It’s_________hotthatday.单句语法填空⑥Hewasveryparticular________hisclothes,sohespentmuchtimesearchingshopsforashirt.【答案】①particular②special③especial④especially⑤particularly⑥about2.occasionn.时刻;场合Haveyouevermetwiththeoccasionwhenyouaremistaken?你是否有过被人误解的时候?onoccasion(s)偶尔;偶然;有时ononeoccasion有一次;曾经onthis/thatoccasion这/那次ontheoccasionof...在……的时候byoccasionof...因为……taketheoccasion利用这个机会occasionaladj.偶尔的;偶然的occasionallyadv.偶然地;有时It’sagoodideaforchildrenandparentstoswitchrolesonoccasion/occasionally.对于父母和孩子来说,偶尔互换角色是个不错的主意。Ononeoccasion,shecalledmeinthemiddleofthenight.有一次她深更半夜打电话给我。单句改错①Byoccasionalofrain,wecan’tgoouttoplayfootball.__________________________________单项选择②IadmiremyEnglishteacher.Icanrememberveryfewoccasions________shestoppedworkingbecauseofillhealth.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that【答案】①occasional改为occasion②C3.slidevt.&vi.(slid,slid)(使)滑动;(使)滑行n.滑;滑动;幻灯片Hecarefullyslidthetopoffthebox.他小心地把箱盖挪开。Sheusedslidesasateachingaid.她用幻灯片作教学工具。slideaway溜走slideoff(从……)滑落slideinto不知不觉染上……;溜进slideoutof悄悄地走slide强调是有意地“滑,平稳而顺畅地滑行”slip强调是不自主地“滑,滑倒”完成句子①Someboysare________________________________________(滑冰).②Thecar______________(滑进)theditch.单句语法填空③Henryslid________theclassroomwhilehisteacherwaswritingontheblackboard.【答案】①slidingontheice②slidinto③into动词ing形式作定语、表语和宾语补足语一、基础点拨动词ing是一种非谓语动词形式,具有双重性。因为是由动词变化而来,所以它具有动词的特征,但作为非谓语动词,它又具有名词、形容词或者副词的特征。动词ing是非谓语动词形式,没有人称和数的变化,但是它有时态和语态的变化。从时态角度划分,它具有一般式和完成式两种形式。从语态角度划分,它具有主动式和被动式两种形式。(一)动词ing的形式时态和语态:动名词主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动名词的否定式主动语态否定式被动语态否定式一般否定式notdoingnotbeingdone完成否定式nothavingdonenothavingbeendone(二)动词ing作定语1.说明被修饰名词的功能或用途。这时,一般是单个动词ing而不是短语,放在被修饰的名词前面。可以转换成for短语修饰该名词。这时的动词ing是动名词。asleepingbag=abagforsleeping睡袋areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室adrinkingcup=acupfordrinking饮水杯awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台2.说明名词的动作、特征或性质。这时的动词ing是现在分词,它与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系。asleepingboy=aboywhoissleeping一个正在睡觉的男孩adrinkinghorse=ahorsewhichisdrinking一匹正在饮水的马【注意】动词ing、不定式和动词ed作定语时的区别:(1)不定式作定语表示动作尚未发生,与所修饰的名词构成动宾或主谓关系。若不定式逻辑主语同时也为句子主语,用主动表被动,反之用被动。I’mleavingforShanghai.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere?我准备去上海,你有什么要捎的吗?(2)动词ing作定语表动作正在进行或习惯性、经常性的动作;动词ed作定语表动作完成,与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。单句语法填空①Youneeda__________(drive)license.句型转换②Theboywhobroketherulewaspunishedbyhisteacher.=Theboy_______therulewaspunishedbyhisteacher.③Heruncle,whoworksasaprofessor,livesinOxford.=Heruncle,________asaprofessor,livesinOxford.【答案】①driving②breaking③working(三)动词ing作表语1.动名词作表语表示一般性、经常性的动作。Ourdutyisprotectingtheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.我们的职责是保护环境免受污染。2.现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征,这时通常看作形容词,且主语与表语不可换位。Thoughthejobisboring,hehastodoittomakealiving.尽管这份工作无趣,为了谋生他也只好做。【注意】动名词与现在分词作表语的区别:动名词作表语表示主语的内容,可以把主语和表语交换;而现在分词作表语说明主语的性质、特征,此时主语和表语不可以交换位置。ThecomedystarringChaplinisexciting.卓别林主演的这部喜剧令人兴奋。Teachingismyjob.教学是我的工作。单句语法填空①It’s__________(amaze)thatyoushouldknowthat!②Thereasonhegavewasnotvery________(convince).③Hisjobis_______(teach)physicsinalocalmiddleschool.④Hisfavoritesportis__________(play)football.⑤AsfarasIknow,hisdreamis__________(live)inabighouse.【答案】①amazing②convincing③teaching④playing⑤living(四)动词ing作宾语补足语1.动词ing作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。2.当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.(宾语补足语)那老板让工人整夜地工作。→Theworkerswerekeptworkingthewholenight.(主语补足语)现在分词作宾语补足语主要用在某些动词如感官动词(see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,notice等)、使役动词(have,make,let,get,keep,set,catch等)后以及with复合结构中,与一个名词或代词构成复合宾语。这时动词ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,并且动词ing表示宾语正在进行的动作。Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.我感到有人拍我的肩膀。Withthelightburning,hefeltasleep.灯亮着,他睡着了。【注意】动词ing,不定式和动词ed作宾语补足语时的区别:动词ing作宾补时,表示正在进行或持续的状态或经常发生的主动状态;不定式作宾补表示从开始到结束的全部过程;动词ed作宾补,表示已发生了的被动状态或经常发生的被动状态。Iheardhimsinginginthenextroom.我听见他在隔壁唱歌。Isawhimopenthewindow.我看见他打开了窗户。Isawthewindowopened.